Phylogeny and diversification analyses of extant planthopper families (Hemiptera: Fulgoromorpha) based on a mitochondrial dataset reveal ancient lineages originating during the Jurassic and originally feeding on gymnosperms

Insect Systematics and Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(4)

Published: July 1, 2024

Abstract Phylogenetic analyses of planthoppers were conducted using a mitogenome dataset to examine the evolutionary relationships current families based on both maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference methods. Delphacoidea, including Cixiidae Delphacidae, Fulgoroidea, all other families, consistently identified as monophyletic groups. However, Nogodinidae displayed polyphyletic pattern, with various lineages emerging sister several issidoid families. Variations observed across different in positioning (Dictyopharidae + Fulgoridae) Ricaniidae either Issidae or (Flatidae Acanaloniidae). Several statistical tests indicate that ML topology has highest level confidence. The clade is best positioned (Derbidae (Achilidae (Tropiduchidae “higher” families))) With 13 fossil calibration points, origin times for Delphacoidea Fulgoroidea dated back Late Permian, approximately 257.46 million years ago. Delphacidae split during Triassic, while diversified earlier Middle Triassic. Divergence diversification are also provided extant planthopper These results suggest likely diverged from older prior emergence angiosperms may have initially fed gymnosperms ancient ferns. occurred Jurassic Cretaceous periods, influenced by evolving climatic conditions, decline gymnosperms, increasing diversity angiosperm plants.

Language: Английский

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Spores from the K–Pg Boundary of the La Colonia Formation, Patagonia, Argentina

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

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Language: Английский

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Cretaceous and Paleocene fossils reveal an extinct higher clade within Cornales, the dogwood order

American Journal of Botany, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 111(7)

Published: July 1, 2024

Characterization and phylogenetic integration of fossil angiosperms with uncertain affinities is relatively limited, which may obscure the diversity extinct higher taxa in flowering plant tree life. The order Cornales contains a familial that make it an ideal group for studying turnover angiosperms. Here, we describe new genus unassignable to extant family conduct series analyses reconstruct relationships fossils across order.

Language: Английский

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No phylogenetic evidence for angiosperm mass extinction at the Cretaceous–Palaeogene (K-Pg) boundary

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

The Cretaceous–Palaeogene mass extinction event (K-Pg) witnessed upwards of 75% animal species going extinct, most notably among these are the non-avian dinosaurs. A major question in macroevolution is whether this influenced rise flowering plants (angiosperms). fossil record suggests that K-Pg had a strong regional impact on angiosperms with up to extinctions, but only minor rates lineages (families and orders). Phylogenetic evidence for angiosperm dynamics through time remains unexplored. By analysing two mega-phylogenies containing approximately 32 000–73 000 extant species, here we show relatively constant throughout geological no at boundary. Despite high species-level observed record, our results support macroevolutionary resilience via survival higher lineages. Image credit: [Rhus nigricans (fossil leaf) (Green River Formation, Eocene; Utah, USA). James St. John, Wikimedia Commons.](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rhus_nigricans_(fossil_leaf)_(Green_River_Formation,_Eocene;_Utah,_USA)_2_(44366947535).jpg)

Language: Английский

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Plant taxonomic turnover and diversity across the Cretaceous/Paleogene boundary in northeastern Montana

Paleobiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 19

Published: Dec. 16, 2024

Abstract The Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) mass extinction was a pivotal event in Earth history, the latest among five extinctions that devastated marine and terrestrial life. Whereas much research has focused on global demise of dominant vertebrate groups, less is known about changes plant communities during K/Pg extinction. This study investigates suite 11 floral assemblages leading up to across boundary northeastern Montana constrained within well-resolved chronostratigraphic framework. We evaluate impact local as well timing post-K/Pg recovery. Our results indicate taxonomic composition changed significantly from Late Cretaceous Paleocene; we estimate 63% latest-Cretaceous taxa disappeared boundary, par with other records North America. Overall, richness dropped by ~23–33% Paleocene, moderate decline compared this time. However, returned levels 900 kyr after faster than observed elsewhere. find no evidence these are due preservational bias (i.e., differences depositional environment) instead interpret dramatic effect diversity ecology. experienced major restructuring, is, relative abundance unseating groups extinction, even though (e.g., family-level) went extinct quickly recovered terms diversity. These have direct bearing our understanding vegetation change crises, differing responses angiosperms vs. gymnosperms), spatial variation recovery timing.

Language: Английский

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Inferring the evolutionary history of the Sino-Himalayan biodiversity hotspot using Bayesian phylodynamics

Published: Oct. 14, 2023

The current status of the Sino-Himalayan region as a biodiversity hotspot, particularly for flora, has often been linked to uplift Sino-Tibetan Plateau and Himalayan Hengduan Mountains. However, relationship between topological development onset diversification is yet be confirmed. Here, we apply Bayesian phylodynamic methods large phylogeny angiosperm species from Sino-Himalayas, infer changes in their evolutionary rates through time. We find strong evidence high Paleocene, late Miocene Pliocene, negative Quaternary, driven by an increase extinction rates. Our analyses suggest that global palaeotemperatures are unlikely driving force these rate shifts. Instead, recovery after end-Cretaceous mass extinction, collision Indian continent with Eurasia coeval topographic change Sino-Himalayans, impact Pleistocene glaciations on this altitudinally-variable may shape also demonstrate influence time choice piecewise-constant trajectories phylodynamics, advocate use prior information when making decision.

Language: Английский

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Idiosyncrasies unveiled: examining the pace, patterns and predictors of biotic diversification in peninsular India

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 17, 2023

Abstract The Peninsular Indian Plate (PIP), an ancient Gondwanan landmass, the oldest region for diversification with complex geoclimatic history in Tropical Asia, harbours highly diverse and endemic biota distinct biogeographic affinities. However, our understanding of dynamics its a quantitative framework is limited. Given this, we used time-calibrated molecular phylogenies birth-death models to examine tempo, mode, drivers across 34 well-studied lineages (∼670 species). Lineage identity affinity differentially influenced rates, where plants had highest soil arthropods lowest rates. Also, younger Asian groups diversified faster than older taxa. gradual accumulation was supported 19 lineages, suggesting that historical stability their habitat important driver, although has dynamic past. Miocene aridification, monsoon intensification, changes paleotemperature, species diversity explained patterns among other 15 lineages. rates predicted better clade age Our results highlight role regional biogeographic, processes, phylogenetic on dynamics, which critical predicting how PIP may respond global change amid significant anthropogenic threats.

Language: Английский

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