Dampened TLR2-mediated inflammatory signaling in bats DOI Creative Commons
Jiaming Zeng, Xiangyi Zhang,

Chen Huang

et al.

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(1)

Published: Dec. 12, 2024

Abstract Bats are considered natural hosts for numerous viruses. Their ability to carry viruses that cause severe diseases or even death in other mammals without falling ill themselves has attracted widespread research attention. Toll-like receptor 2 forms heterodimers with 1 6 on cell membranes, recognizing specific pathogen-associated molecular patterns and playing a key role innate immune responses. Previous studies have shown moderate 2–mediated signals aid pathogen clearance, while excessive inappropriate can self-damage. In this study, we observed TLR2, unlike TLR1 TLR6, undergone relaxed selection bats compared mammals, indicating reduced functional constraint TLR2 specifically bats. Indeed, our cell-based assays demonstrated the of bind was significantly bats, leading dampened inflammatory signaling. We identified mutations unique were responsible observation. Additionally, found at residues 375 376 common ancestor also resulted response, suggesting reduction occurred early bat evolution. Together, study reveals response been which may be one reasons why they could harbor many ill.

Language: Английский

Bat species assemblage predicts coronavirus prevalence DOI Creative Commons
Magdalena Meyer, Dominik W Melville, Heather J. Baldwin

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 4, 2024

Anthropogenic disturbances and the subsequent loss of biodiversity are altering species abundances communities. Since vary in their pathogen competence, spatio-temporal changes host assemblages may lead to disease dynamics. We explore how longitudinal bat affect dynamics coronaviruses (CoVs) more than 2300 cave-dwelling bats captured over two years from five caves Ghana. This reveals uneven CoV infection patterns between closely related species, with alpha-CoV 229E-like SARS-related beta-CoV 2b emerging as multi-host pathogens. Prevalence likelihood for both phylogenetically distinct CoVs is influenced by abundance competent naïve subadults. Broadly, highly common less diverse communities, leading increased prevalence assemblages. In line One Health framework, our work supports notion that conservation be most proactive measure prevent spread pathogens zoonotic potential.

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Robust evidence for bats as reservoir hosts is lacking in most African virus studies: a review and call to optimize sampling and conserve bats DOI Creative Commons
Natalie Weber, Martina Nagy, Wanda Markotter

et al.

Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 19(11)

Published: Nov. 1, 2023

Africa experiences frequent emerging disease outbreaks among humans, with bats often proposed as zoonotic pathogen hosts. We comprehensively reviewed virus–bat findings from papers published between 1978 and 2020 to evaluate the evidence that African are reservoir and/or bridging hosts for viruses cause human disease. present data 162 (of 1322) original on (1) numbers species of sampled across bat families continent, (2) how were selected study inclusion, (3) if terminally sampled, (4) what types ecological data, any, recorded (5) which detected methodology. propose a scheme evaluating presumed virus–host relationships by type quality, using contrasting available Orthoebolavirus versus Orthomarburgvirus an example. review wording in abstracts discussions all papers, identifying key framing terms, these refer findings, they might contribute people's beliefs about bats. discuss impact scientific research communication public perception emphasize need strategies minimize human–bat conflict support conservation. Finally, we make recommendations best practices will improve virological metadata.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Advances in understanding bat infection dynamics across biological scales DOI Creative Commons
Cecilia A. Sánchez, Kendra L. Phelps, Hannah K. Frank

et al.

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2018)

Published: March 6, 2024

Over the past two decades, research on bat-associated microbes such as viruses, bacteria and fungi has dramatically increased. Here, we synthesize themes from a conference symposium focused advances in of bats their microbes, including physiological, immunological, ecological epidemiological that improved our understanding bat infection dynamics at multiple biological scales. We first present metrics for measuring individual responses to challenges associated with using these metrics. next discuss within populations same species, before introducing complexities arise multi-species communities bats, humans and/or livestock. Finally, outline critical gaps opportunities future interdisciplinary work topics involving microbes.

Language: Английский

Citations

5
A framework to predict zoonotic hosts under data uncertainty: A case study on betacoronaviruses DOI Creative Commons
Andrea Tonelli, Marcus S. C. Blagrove, Maya Wardeh

et al.

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Modelling approaches aimed at identifying unknown hosts of zoonotic pathogens have the potential to make high‐impact contributions global strategies for risk surveillance. However, geographical and taxonomic biases in host–pathogen associations affect reliability models their predictions. Here, we propose a methodological framework mitigate effect data account uncertainty models' Our approach involves ‘pseudo‐negative’ species integrating sampling into modelling pipeline. We present an application on genus Betacoronavirus provide estimates mammal‐borne betacoronavirus hazard scale. show that inclusion pseudo‐negatives analysis improved overall validation performance our model when compared does not use pseudo‐negatives, especially reducing rate false positives. Results unveil currently unrecognised hotspots subequatorial Africa Americas. addresses crucial limitations association modelling, with important downstream implications assessments. The proposed is adaptable different multi‐host disease systems may be used identify surveillance priorities as well knowledge gaps pathogens' host‐range.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Jamaican fruit bats’ competence for Ebola but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences DOI Creative Commons
Sarah van Tol, Julia R. Port, Robert J. Fischer

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) are zoonotic filoviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans. Correlative data implicate bats as natural EBOV hosts, but neither a full-length genome nor an isolate has been found any sampled. Here, we model filovirus infection the Jamaican fruit bat (JFB), Artibeus jamaicensis, by inoculation with either or MARV through combination of oral, intranasal, subcutaneous routes. Infection results systemic replication oral shedding infectious virus. is transient does not shed. In vitro, JFB cells replicate more efficiently than MARV, induces innate antiviral responses suppresses. Experiments using VSV pseudoparticles replicating expressing glycoprotein demonstrate advantage for entry early, respectively, cells. Overall, this study describes species-specific phenotypes both their

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Spaceborne and UAV-LiDAR reveal hammer-headed bat preference for intermediate canopy height and diverse structure in a Central African rainforest DOI Creative Commons
Nicholas J. Russo,

Jean Michel Takuo,

Valorian Tegebong

et al.

Movement Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: April 22, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Surveying Bat-Hosted Adenoviruses and Herpesviruses: A Comprehensive Analysis DOI Creative Commons
Aline Méndez-Rodríguez, Pedro Horta, Heliot Zarza

et al.

Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1), P. 46 - 46

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Bats have gained cumulative attention as potential reservoirs for viruses, being crucial to increase our ability predict viral prevalence and transmissions, well support the possible management of future zoonotic episodes. Following PRISMA standard systematic review protocols, we conducted a comprehensive search worldwide scientific papers dealing with bat-hosted viruses Adenoviridae Herpesviridae families. The was completed using Scopus, CABI, SciELO, databases bat-associated these two families Google Scholar engine. Our comprised total 2656 papers. After thorough screening papers, selected study 90 published between 1996 2022. We found marked taxonomic spatial biases, most studied bats predominantly vespertilionids, rhinolophids, phyllostomids, pteropodids, whereas other (e.g., Natalidae, Noctilionidae, Furipteridae) are still lacking information. areas southern east Asia, although there large (north Africa, Middle East, all way central or northern Asia) overlooked. Out number many 55 identified Adenovirus (AdV) 54 Herpesvirus (HSV). revision reveals presence AdVs in 97 bat species from 42 genera 11 HSVs is reported also 109 45 10 Although both general show clear host specificity parallel evolution their hosts, results point cross, some cases, barriers.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Rabies virus circulation in a highly diverse bat assemblage from a high-risk area for zoonoses outbreaks in the Brazilian Amazon DOI
Roberto Leonan Morim Novaes, Brunna Almeida, Vinícius C. Cláudio

et al.

Acta Tropica, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 257, P. 107309 - 107309

Published: June 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Jamaican fruit bats (Artibeus jamaicensis) competence for Ebola virus but not Marburg virus is driven by intrinsic differences in viral entry and IFN-I signaling antagonism. DOI Creative Commons
Sarah van Tol, Julia R. Port, Robert J. Fischer

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 19, 2024

Summary Ebola virus (EBOV) and Marburg (MARV) are zoonotic filoviruses that cause hemorrhagic fever in humans. Bat species both Chiropteran suborders host filoviruses, suggesting bats may have coevolved with this viral family. Correlative data implicate as natural EBOV hosts, but neither a full-length genome nor an isolate has been found any sampled. Here, we modelled filovirus infection the Jamaican fruit bat (JFB), Artibeus jamaicensis . Bats were inoculated either or MARV through combination of oral, intranasal, subcutaneous routes. EBOV-infected supported systemic replication shed infectious orally. In contrast, replicated only transiently was not shed. vitro , JFB cells replicate more efficiently than MARV, induced innate antiviral responses suppressed. Experiments using VSV pseudoparticles replicating expressing glycoprotein demonstrated advantage for entry early, respectively, cells. Overall, study describes species-specific phenotypes their

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Molecular determinants of cross-species transmission in emerging viral infections DOI
Arthur Wickenhagen, Sarah van Tol, Vincent J. Munster

et al.

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88(3)

Published: June 24, 2024

SUMMARY Several examples of high-impact cross-species transmission newly emerging or re-emerging bat-borne viruses, such as Sudan virus, Nipah and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, have occurred in the past decades. Recent advancements next-generation sequencing strengthened ongoing efforts to catalog global virome, particular from multitude different bat species. However, functional characterization these novel viruses virus sequences is typically limited with regard assessment their potential. Our understanding intricate interplay between host underlying successful has focused on basic mechanisms entry replication, well importance innate immune responses. In this review, we discuss various roles respective molecular using recent examples. To delineate crucial cellular steps transmission, propose a framework overall improve our capacity characterize benign, interest, concern.

Language: Английский

Citations

1