Parthenogenesis in dipterans: a genetic perspective

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 290(1995)

Published: March 22, 2023

Parthenogenesis has been documented in almost every phylum of animals, and yet this phenomenon is largely understudied. It particular importance dipterans since some parthenogenetic species are also disease vectors agricultural pests. Here, we present a catalogue dipterans, although it likely that many more remain to be identified, discuss how their developmental biology interactions with diverse environments may linked different types reproduction. We the advances genetics genomics have identified chromosomal loci associated parthenogenesis. In particular, polygenic cause facultative parthenogenesis uncovered Drosophila mercatorum, allowing corresponding genetic variants tested for ability promote another species, melanogaster . This study probably identifies just one routes could followed evolution attempt account why evolved so times dipteran order appears particularly prevalent. significance coarse genomic changes, including non-disjunction, aneuploidy, polyploidy how, together changes specific genes, these might relate both obligate other animals.

Language: Английский

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A genetic basis for facultative parthenogenesis in Drosophila

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17), P. 3545 - 3560.e13

Published: July 28, 2023

Facultative parthenogenesis enables sexually reproducing organisms to switch between sexual and asexual parthenogenetic reproduction. To gain insights into this phenomenon, we sequenced the genomes of strains Drosophila mercatorum identified differences in gene expression their eggs. We then tested whether manipulating candidate homologs could lead facultative non-parthenogenetic species melanogaster. This a polygenic system whereby increased mitotic protein kinase polo decreased desaturase, Desat2, caused that was enhanced by Myc. The genetically induced melanogaster eggs exhibit de novo centrosome formation, fusion meiotic products, onset development generate predominantly triploid offspring. Thus, demonstrate genetic basis for sporadic an animal.

Language: Английский

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Facultative parthenogenesis

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. R204 - R206

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Decreased Cdk2 Activity Hindered Embryonic Development and Parthenogenesis Induction in Silkworm, Bombyx mori L.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(7), P. 3341 - 3341

Published: April 3, 2025

Cyclin-dependent protein kinase 2 (Cdk2), an important member of the serine/threonine-specific family, plays a critical regulatory role in biological processes. Previous studies have demonstrated that Cdk2 is involved arrest and resumption meiosis mammalian oocytes. In this study, we explored function through parthenogenetic lines (PLs) corresponding amphigonic (ALs) model lepidopteran insect silkworm, Bombyx mori L. Our findings revealed positive correlation between activity parthenogenesis induction rate. The pharmacological inhibition using specific inhibitor AUZ454 not only significantly reduced rate but also caused developmental delays embryos. These results demonstrate essential for success potential target gene reproductive regulation.

Language: Английский

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Sex differentiation, divergence, and introgression in the leishmaniasis vectorLutzomyia longipalpis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 14, 2025

ABSTRACT An estimated one billion people are at risk of acquiring the disease leishmaniasis annually. This disease, among others, is transmitted to humans via sandfly vectors family Psychodidae. In Neotropics, Lutzomyia longipalpis most common leishmaniasis, but little known about its genetics and population structure, hampering control efforts. We generated sex-specific genome assemblies Lu. from Colombia, examined genomics this species. found that sex accounts for ∼11% genome-wide variation, primarily driven by differentiation between sexes in an XY chromosome. Analyses transposable elements indicate size difference chromosome more male Further, we structure across South American continent. identified significant genetic divergence Colombian Brazilian sandflies within sensu lato samples collected same sites Brazil. These results strongly suggest presence multiple, sympatric species a cryptic complex, concordant with other published phenotypic evidence.

Language: Английский

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Queering the genome: ethical challenges of epigenome editing in same-sex reproduction

Journal of Medical Ethics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. jme - 109609

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

In this article, I explore the ethical dimensions of same-sex reproduction achieved through epigenome editing—an innovative and transformative technique. For first time, analyse potential normativity disruptive approach for reproductive purposes, focusing on its implications lesbian couples seeking genetically related offspring. Epigenome editing offers a compelling solution to complex challenges posed by traditional gene editing, as it sidesteps genome modifications long-term genetic consequences. The focus article is systematically bioethical issues use reproduction. critically assess acceptability with purposes from multiple angles, considering harm perspectives, comparison feminist theories. This analysis reveals that emerges an ethically acceptable means have children. Moreover, experiments discussed in transcend bioethics, shedding light broader societal It established notions biological prompts reevaluation how we define human embryo, while poses some context gender self-identification family structures. world increasingly values inclusivity diversity, aims reveal progressive pathway medicine well underscores need further philosophical research emerging fertile domain.

Language: Английский

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The Characterization of Melanaphis sacchari Microbiota and Antibiotic Treatment Effect on Insects

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 807 - 807

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Insects are under constant selective pressure, which has resulted in adaptations to novel niches such as crops. This is the case of pest Melanaphis sacchari, sugarcane aphid, native Africa and currently spreading worldwide. The aphid undergoes successful parthenogenesis, causing important damage a variety crops leading economic losses for farmers. A natural M. sacchari population grown sorghum was studied identify its microbiome through sequencing 16S rDNA metagenome. high proportion Proteobacteria, followed by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, observed. We also detected Wolbachia, correlates with asexual reproduction host. challenged bioassay antibiotics oxytetracycline streptomycin, resulting dose-dependent decay survival rate. possibility controlling this altering microbiota proposed.

Language: Английский

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Mechanical Egg Activation and Rearing of First Instar Larvae of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)

Insects, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(12), P. 931 - 931

Published: Dec. 7, 2023

Egg activation is a cellular transition of an arrested mature oocyte into developing embryo through coordinated series events. Previous studies in Hymenoptera have indicated that mechanical pressure can induce egg activation. In this study, we developed the first protocol for haplodiploid insect pest, Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), from two climatically different regions South Africa to demonstrate broad applicability method. addition, activated eggs were exposed three treatments involving water, pine sawdust, and fungal symbiont S. noctilio, Amylostereum areolatum (Russulales: Amylostereaceae), determine if symbiotic fungus requirement development artificial laboratory environment, as has been hypothesised be necessary early larval natural environment. A rearing was instar larvae using modified Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) diet. significant difference between mean survival rates observed. shown unnecessary adversely affected eclosion The maximum duration on diet 92 days. study enables opportunities research physiology, ecology, symbioses, genetics which exploited new genetic pest management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Mechanical Egg Activation and Rearing of First Instar Larvae of Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae)

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

Egg activation is a cellular transition of an arrested mature oocyte into developing embryo through coordinated series events. Previous studies in Hymenoptera have indicated that mechanical pressure can induce egg activation. In this study, we developed the first protocol for haplodiploid insect pest, Sirex noctilio (Hymenoptera: Siricidae), from two climatically different regions South Africa. addition, activated eggs were exposed to three treatments involving water, pine sawdust, and fungal symbiont S. noctilio, Amylostereum areolatum (Russulales: Amylostereaceae), confirm hypothesised prerequisite symbiotic fungus development. A rearing was emerged instar larvae using modified Anoplophora glabripennis (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) artificial diet. significant difference between mean survival rates observed. shown be unnecessary adversely affected eclosion. Maximum larval duration on diet 92 days. The study enables opportunities research physiology, ecology, symbioses, genetics which exploited new genetic pest management strategies.

Language: Английский

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Reproductive biology: A genetic recipe for parthenogenesis

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 33(17), P. R904 - R906

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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