Enhanced neutralization resistance of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariants BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7, and BA.2.75.2

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 9 - 17.e3

Published: Nov. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron sub-lineages BA.1, BA.1.1, and BA.2

Cell Host & Microbe, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 30(8), P. 1093 - 1102.e3

Published: April 25, 2022

Recent reports of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant sub-lineages, BA.1, BA.1.1, and BA.2, have reignited concern over potential escape from vaccine- infection-induced immunity. We examine the sensitivity these sub-lineages other major variants to neutralizing antibodies mRNA-vaccinated boosted individuals, as well recovered COVID-19 patients, including those infected with Omicron. find that all especially BA.1 exhibit substantial immune is largely overcome by mRNA vaccine booster doses. While BA.1.1 escapes almost completely neutralization early-pandemic patient sera a lesser extent Delta-infected sensitive Omicron-infected sera. Critically, are comparably neutralized These results highlight importance doses for protection against provide insight into immunity natural infection sub-lineages.

Language: Английский

---

Recall of preexisting cross-reactive B cell memory after Omicron BA.1 breakthrough infection

Science Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(73)

Published: May 12, 2022

Understanding immune responses after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) breakthrough infection will facilitate the development of next-generation vaccines. Here, we profiled spike (S)–specific B cell Omicron/BA.1 in messenger RNA–vaccinated donors. The antibody response was characterized by high levels somatic hypermutation and a bias toward recognition ancestral SARS-CoV-2 strains, suggesting early activation vaccine-induced memory cells. BA.1 induced shift immunodominance hierarchy from S2 subunit, which is highly conserved across variants concern (VOCs), antigenically variable receptor binding domain (RBD). A large proportion RBD-directed neutralizing antibodies isolated donors displayed convergent sequence features broadly recognized VOCs. Together, these findings provide insights into role preexisting immunity shaping to heterologous variant exposure.

Language: Английский

---

Nirmatrelvir–Ritonavir and Viral Load Rebound in Covid-19

New England Journal of Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 387(11), P. 1047 - 1049

Published: Sept. 7, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Protection against omicron (B.1.1.529) BA.2 reinfection conferred by primary omicron BA.1 or pre-omicron SARS-CoV-2 infection among health-care workers with and without mRNA vaccination: a test-negative case-control study

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 45 - 55

Published: Sept. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

---

Distinct Neutralizing Antibody Escape of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Subvariants BQ.1, BQ.1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7 and BA.2.75.2

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 20, 2022

Abstract Continued evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has led to the emergence several new Omicron subvariants, including BQ.1, BQ. 1.1, BA.4.6, BF.7 and BA.2.75.2. Here we examine neutralization resistance these as well their ancestral BA.4/5, BA.2.75 D614G variants, against sera from 3-dose vaccinated health care workers, hospitalized BA.1-wave patients, BA.5-wave patients. We found enhanced in all especially BQ.1 BQ.1.1 subvariants driven by a key N460K mutation, lesser extent, R346T K444T mutations, BA.2.75.2 subvariant largely its F486S mutation. The also exhibited fusogenicity S processing dictated Interestingly, saw an enhancement mutation reduction D1199N processing, resulting minimal overall change. Molecular modelling revealed mechanisms receptor-binding non-receptor binding monoclonal antibody-mediated immune evasion R346T, K444T, mutations. Altogether, findings shed light on concerning newly emerging subvariants.

Language: Английский

---

Omicron infection enhances Delta antibody immunity in vaccinated persons

Nature, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 607(7918), P. 356 - 359

Published: May 6, 2022

Abstract The extent to which Omicron infection 1–9 , with or without previous vaccination, elicits protection against the previously dominant Delta (B.1.617.2) variant is unclear. Here we measured neutralization capacity variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in 39 individuals South Africa infected sublineage BA.1 starting at a median 6 (interquartile range 3–9) days post symptom onset and continuing until last follow-up sample available, 23 19–27) symptoms allow BA.1-elicited neutralizing immunity time develop. Fifteen participants were vaccinated Pfizer's BNT162b2 Johnson & Johnson's Ad26.CoV2.S had breakthrough infections, 24 unvaccinated. increased from geometric mean 50% focus reduction test titre 42 enrolment 575 point (13.6-fold) 46 272 (6.0-fold) unvaccinated participants. virus also increased, 192 1,091 (5.7-fold) 28 91 (3.0-fold) At point, low absolute levels for non-BA.1 viruses 2.2-fold lower neutralization, 12.0-fold 9.6-fold Beta 17.9-fold ancestral 4.8-fold BA.2 relative BA.1. These results indicate that hybrid formed by vaccination should be protective other variants. By contrast, alone offers limited cross-protection despite moderate enhancement.

Language: Английский

---

The Importance of Vaccination in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Brief Update Regarding the Use of Vaccines

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4), P. 591 - 591

Published: April 12, 2022

The COVID-19 pandemic has led the world to undertake largest vaccination campaign in human history. In record time, unprecedented scientific and governmental efforts have resulted acquisition of immunizers utilizing different technologies (nucleotide acids, viral vectors, inactivated protein-based vaccines). Currently, 33 vaccines already been approved by regulatory agencies countries, more than 10 billion doses administered worldwide. Despite undeniable impact on control pandemic, recurrent emergence new variants interest raised challenges. recent mutations precede outbreaks that rapidly spread at global proportions. addition, reducing protective efficacy rates observed among main authorized vaccines. Besides these issues, several other crucial issues for appropriate combatting remain uncertain or under investigation. Particularly noteworthy include use vaccine-boosting strategies increase protection; concerns related long-term safety vaccines, child immunization reliability uncommon adverse events; persistence virus society; transition from a an endemic state. this review, we describe updated scenario regarding SARS-CoV-2 outline current discussions covering vaccine efficacy, future perspectives.

Language: Английский

---

Modelling the medium-term dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in England in the Omicron era

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 19, 2022

Abstract England has experienced a heavy burden of COVID-19, with multiple waves SARS-CoV-2 transmission since early 2020 and high infection levels following the emergence spread Omicron variants late 2021. In response to rising cases, booster vaccinations were accelerated offered all adults in England. Using model fitted more than 2 years epidemiological data, we project potential dynamics infections, hospital admissions deaths December 2022. We consider key uncertainties including future behavioural change waning immunity assess effectiveness mitigating disease between October 2021 If no new emerge, is expected decline, low remaining coming months. The extent which projected resurges later 2022 depends largely on assumptions around some extent, behaviour, seasonality.

Language: Английский

---

Estimated Protection of Prior SARS-CoV-2 Infection Against Reinfection With the Omicron Variant Among Messenger RNA–Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Individuals in Quebec, Canada

JAMA Network Open, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(10), P. e2236670 - e2236670

Published: Oct. 14, 2022

Importance The Omicron variant is phylogenetically and antigenically distinct from earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants the original vaccine strain. Protection conferred by prior infection against reinfection, with without vaccination, requires quantification. Objective To estimate protection reinfection hospitalization heterologous non-Omicron and/or up to 3 doses of an ancestral, Wuhan-like messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine. Design, Setting, Participants This test-negative, population-based case-control study was conducted between December 26, 2021, March 12, 2022, included community-dwelling individuals aged 12 years or older who were tested for in province Quebec, Canada. Exposures Prior laboratory-confirmed mRNA vaccination. Main Outcomes Measures main outcome associated hospitalization, presumed be according genomic surveillance. odds vaccination compared case participants hospitalizations vs test-negative control participants. Estimated derived as 1 − ratio, adjusted age, sex, testing indication, epidemiologic week. Analyses stratified severity time since last dose. Results 696 439 (224 007 472 432 participants); 62.2% 63.9% female 87.4% 75.5% 18 69 years, respectively. detected 9505 (4.2%) 29 712 (6.3%). Among nonvaccinated individuals, a 44% reduction (95% CI, 38%-48%) risk, which decreased 66% 57%-73%) at 5 months 35% 21%-47%) 9 11 postinfection below 30% thereafter. more severe infection, greater risk reduction. CI) consistently significantly higher among vaccinated infection-naive 65% (63%-67%) 20% (16%-24%) dose, 68% (67%-70%) 42% (41%-44%) 2 doses, 83% (81%-84%) 73% (72%-73%) doses. For estimated Omicron-associated 81% (66%-89%) increased 86% (77%-99%) 1, 94% (91%-96%) 2, 97% (94%-99%) signs waning. Conclusions Relevance findings this suggest that provided greatest hospitalization. In context program goals prevent outcomes preserve health care system capacity, third dose may add limited twice-vaccinated infection.

Language: Английский

---