Bioactive Volatiles From Push-Pull Companion Crops Repel Fall Armyworm and Attract Its Parasitoids

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: April 11, 2022

Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda , is a serious invasive pest in Africa but “Push-Pull” companion cropping can substantially reduce infestation. Here, we elucidate the underpinning chemical ecology mechanisms. We hypothesized that crop volatiles repel herbivores (push) while attracting natural enemies (pull). Headspace collected from plants ( Desmodium intortum, uncinatum Brachiaria Mulato II) were used bioassays and electrophysiological recordings with S. parasitoid wasps. Insect populations, plant damage herbivore parasitism assessed field plots. Coupled GC-electroantennogram (GC-EAG) showed robust responses to certain aromatic terpenoid volatile compounds. In wind tunnel bioassays, maize mixed less attractive moths than alone. oviposition laid significantly fewer eggs on when present. Conversely, an olfactometer bioassay, wasps attracted scent of both spp. (intercrop) border crop. Our data provide evidence mechanisms reduced infestation Push-Pull system, i.e., crops its enemies. These findings explain why plots had larvae lower monocropped maize.

Language: Английский

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Associational Effects of Desmodium Intercropping on Maize Resistance and Secondary Metabolism

Journal of Chemical Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 50(5-6), P. 299 - 318

Published: Feb. 2, 2024

Language: Английский

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Combining Milpa and Push-Pull Technology for sustainable food production in smallholder agriculture. A review

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(4)

Published: July 13, 2023

Abstract Achieving food security remains a pressing challenge for small-scale farmers, especially in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America. Ongoing climate change, invasive noxious weeds, crop pests further exacerbate the situation. Optimizing traditional cropping systems sustainable yields climate-resilient production is imperative order to address this challenge. The pre-Columbian milpa system of intercropping maize with companion crops such as beans ( Phaseolus vulgaris ) squash Cucurbita spp.) one effective that has been shown produce outstanding per unit area compared monoculture systems. Push-Pull Technology developed East Africa, based on use repellent trap plants intercropped (and lesser extent sorghum), seen be similarly minimizing impact major yields, including striga weed Striga spp.), stemborers, fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda ). Although both have potential compensate each other’s limitations, there no cross-system learning between Mesoamerican African Technology. Here, we review present advantages likely obtained by combining these technologies farming. proposed push-pull could adapt different gradients altitude, rainfall, soil nutrient levels, addition controlling pests, therefore become fundamental technique America Africa.

Language: Английский

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Ecological Chemistry of Pest Control in Push-Pull Intercropping Systems: What We Know, and Where to Go?

CHIMIA International Journal for Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 76(11), P. 906 - 906

Published: Nov. 30, 2022

Push-pull technology (PPT) employs mixed cropping for sustainable intensification: an intercrop repels or suppresses pests of the focal crop (push), while a trap attracts out field (pull), where they may be targeted control. Underlying chemical-ecological mechanisms have been demonstrated in controlled settings, primarily some best-established cereal PPT systems developed east Africa. Yet, many questions remain regarding mechanisms, and strategies to adapt different crops locations. We conducted systematic review scientific literature on related practices biological control food fodder. Of 3335 results, we identified 45 reporting chemistry trap- intercropping pest control, which 30 focused cereals African pests. Seven these reported primary chemical data: measurements from glasshouse laboratory studies (5), field-collected samples (2). From 30, provide database compounds, discussing degrees evidence their mediation push-pull. depict hypothesized spatial distributions selected compounds fields physical properties emission/exudation rates, design system, discuss influences activity settings likely affect success.

Language: Английский

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Farmers’ perceived pathways for further intensification of push-pull systems in Western Kenya

Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7

Published: Aug. 24, 2023

Push-pull technology provides farmers in East Africa with an eco-friendly strategy that increases crop yield and household income smallholder cereal systems by controlling pests improving soil health. Though promising for a sustainably intensified production, push-pull has been used at limited scale, primarily maize-and sorghum-based production systems. Expanding the scope, applicability acceptance of practice farming systems, will leverage full potential as widely applicable sustainable practice. Using key informant interviews focus group discussions, we explored farmers’ needs perceived pathways integrating other intensification practices synergy existing cropping Kisumu, Vihiga Siaya Counties Western Kenya. We found region typically grow intercrop variety crops, maize being most common crop. Farmers commonly crop-livestock farming, intercropping, rotation, manure fertilizer use, use improved varieties to increase production. Across counties, integration food legumes, agroforestry were identified fundamental stretching benefits push-pull. Limitations aspirations enablers facilitating spontaneous adoption are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Within-field crop diversity and landscape complexity decrease the abundance of fall armyworm larvae in maize cropping systems

Biological Control, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 183, P. 105260 - 105260

Published: May 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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