When money and mental health problems pile up: The reciprocal relationship between income and psychological distress

SSM - Population Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25, P. 101624 - 101624

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Longitudinal studies suggest that socioeconomic status (SES) and mental health have a bidirectional relationship such SES declines lead to deterioration of (social causation), while worsening leads drift). However, the dynamic between income psychological distress has not been sufficiently studied. We use cross-lagged panel models with unit fixed effects (FE-CLPM) data from five-wave representative (n = 3103) working-age (18–64) New York City adults. Yearly measures include individual earnings, family (income-to-needs), distress. also examine by age, gender, education, racial/ethnic identification. find significant earnings Increases in past-year decrease past-month causation effect [SCE], standardized β −0.07) increases reduce next-year drift [SDE], −0.03). Family only unidirectional (SCE, -.03). Strongest evidence is for prime individuals −0.1; SDE, −0.03), those less than bachelor's degrees −0.08; −0.05), Hispanics −0.06; −0.08). reciprocal women −0.03; (SDE, −0.04; Individual which are labor market indicators, may be stronger social determinants income. important differences exist across groups identities. Future research should types policies buffer impact negative shocks associated health, especially among most vulnerable.

Language: Английский

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Estimating the direct effects of the genetic liabilities to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and behavioral traits on suicide attempt using a multivariable Mendelian randomization approach

Neuropsychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(9), P. 1383 - 1391

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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Educational differences in years lived with disability due to mental and substance use disorders: a cohort study using nationwide Norwegian and Danish registries

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Sept. 20, 2024

Language: Английский

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Associations Between Polygenic Scores for Cognitive and Non-cognitive Factors of Educational Attainment and Measures of Behavior, Psychopathology, and Neuroimaging in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 28, 2023

Abstract Background Both cognitive and non-cognitive (e.g., traits like curiosity) factors are critical for social emotional functioning independently predict educational attainment. These heritable genetically correlated with a range of health-relevant behaviors in adulthood risk-taking, psychopathology). However, whether these associations present during adolescence, to what extent relationships diverge, could have implications adolescent health well-being. Methods Using data from 5,517 youth European ancestry the ongoing Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development SM Study, we examined between polygenic scores (PGS) outcomes related cognition, socioeconomic status, risk tolerance decision-making, substance initiation, psychopathology, brain structure. Results PGSs were both positively associated performance family income, negatively ADHD severity psychotic-like experiences. The PGS was also greater delayed discounting, anorexia, as well lower likelihood nicotine initiation. further cognition anorexia within-sibling analyses, suggesting results do not solely reflect effects assortative mating or passive gene-environment correlations. showed significantly stronger cortical volumes than right hemisphere caudal anterior cingulate pars-orbitalis while white matter fractional anisotropy significant association superior corticostriate-frontal cortex. Conclusions Our findings suggest that show similar status other psychosocial outcomes, but distinct regional neural phenotypes this sample.

Language: Английский

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Estimating the direct effects of the genetic liabilities to bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and behavioral traits on suicide attempt using a multivariable Mendelian randomization approach

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 16, 2023

Bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are associated with higher odds of suicide attempt (SA). In this study, we aimed to explore the effect BD SZ genetic liabilities on SA, also considering contribution behavioral traits, socioeconomic factors, substance use disorders. Leveraging large-scale genome-wide association data from Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (PGC) UK Biobank (UKB), conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis evaluate putative causal (41,917 cases, 371,549 controls) (53,386 77,258 SA (26,590 492,022 controls). Then, assessed Considering associations identified, evaluated direct disorders using multivariable MR approach. The were (BD ratio (OR)=1.24, p=3.88×10

Language: Английский

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Economic determinants of county-level mental health – United States, 2019

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 9, 2024

A better understanding of whether and how economic factors impact mental health can inform policy program decisions to improve health. This study looked at the association between county-level prevalence self-reported poor among adults in US counties 2019, overall separately for urban rural counties. General dominance analyses were completed rank-order relative importance selected variables explaining county reporting > 14 days last 30 (“poor health”). The highest weighted assessed statistical significance their relationships with through multiple linear regression. Across all models, four highest-ranked household income, receipt Supplemental Security Income (SSI), population a college degree, Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) benefits. overall, rural, models explained over 69% variation Urban also showed notable differences relationship median home value public insurance. findings from this indicate significant several health, which may decision makers addressing US.

Language: Английский

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Late-Life Depression among Rural Women in China: Exploring the Role of Education and Other Risk Factors

RAND Corporation eBooks, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Late-life depression poses a significant concern in China, particularly among older rural women who experience higher prevalence rates and heightened risk. This dissertation investigates the factors influencing late-life this specific high-risk demographic. The first essay identifies early life adult physical health as prominent predictors of Chinese using machine learning models. second explores relationship between education middle-aged elderly women, revealing negative gradient depression. third employs Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity Design to assess long-term impact improved educational attainment on depression, finding that increased schooling years lack an evident protective effect overall population.

Language: Английский

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Quasi-experimental analyses of the effect of ADHD on education performance in youths across sexes and ancestry

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 19, 2024

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prevalent in children and associated with lower education performance. This association often obtained from observational studies, which have limited ability to identify causal relationships. Knowledge of causes useful, because it delineates intervention avenues more clearly, but research into causation childhood hindered by ethical practical limitations randomized clinical trials. The present study uses twin designs polygenic risk scores (PRS) investigate the relationship between ADHD symptoms poor educational We combined family-based direction modeling Mendelian randomization (MR) approaches applied them ABCD data for improved inference. models used necessarily make assumptions about either horizontal pleiotropy, or level individual-specific confounding factors. Results support hypothesis that a effect on performance, vice versa. No heterogeneity related sex was found, nor moderation estimates gender. These findings highlight complex interplay outcomes emphasize need larger sample sizes future research.

Language: Английский

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Chronic Low Back Pain Causal Risk Factors Identified by Mendelian Randomization: a Cross-Sectional Cohort Analysis

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 24, 2024

Abstract Background Context There are a number of risk factors- from biological, psychological, and social domains- for non-specific chronic low back pain (cLBP). Many cLBP treatments target factors on the assumption that targeted factor is not just associated with but also cause (i.e, causal factor). In most cases this strong assumption, primarily due to possibility confounding variables. False assumptions about relationships between likely contribute generally marginal results treatments. Purpose The objectives study were a) using rigorous control compare associations modifiable identified by Mendelian randomization (MR) studies in population b) estimate association these outcomes. Study Design/Setting Cross sectional analysis longitudinal, online, observational study. Patient Sample 1,376 participants BACKHOME, longitudinal e-Cohort U.S. adults part NIH Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) Research Program. Outcome Measures Pain, Enjoyment Life, General Activity (PEG) Scale. Methods Five selected based evidence MR studies: sleep disturbance, depression, BMI, alcohol use, smoking status. Confounders ESC-DAG approach, method building directed acyclic graphs criteria. Strong was found age, female sex, education, relationship status, financial strain, anxiety, fear avoidance catastrophizing. These variables used determine adjustment sets primary analysis. Potential confounders weaker sensitivity Results Participants had following characteristics: age 54.9 ± 14.4 years, 67.4% female, 60% never smokers, 29.9% overweight, 39.5% obese, PROMIS disturbance T-score 54.8 8.0, depression 52.6 10.1, Fear-avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire 11.6 5.9, Catastrophizing Scale 4.5 2.6, PEG 4.4 2.2. adjusted models obesity PEG, after adjusting via DAG constructed protocol. effect estimates- expected change outcome every standard deviation increase or decrease exposure (or category shift categorical exposures) largest obesity. Each SD resulted mean 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66, 0.88) point baseline score. Compared normal score slightly higher 0.37 points 0.09, 0.65) overweight participants, 0.8 0.9 those classes I II, 1.39 0.98, 1.80) obese participants. 0.28 0.17, 0.40) score, while each alcoholic drinks per week 0.12 (95%CI: 0.01, 0.23) model. Conclusions Several - obesity- Convergence our findings studies, which have different designs biases, strengthens (1). estimated Future analyses will evaluate data.

Language: Английский

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Splitting Schizophrenia: Divergent Cognitive and Educational Outcomes Revealed by Genomic Structural Equation Modelling.

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 24, 2024

Abstract The genetic relationship between schizophrenia, IQ, and educational attainment (EA) is complex. Schizophrenia polygenic scores (PGS) are linked to lower whilst higher IQ-PGS correlates with reduced schizophrenia risk. Paradoxically, predisposition EA has been associated increased risk, a potentially confounded by overlap bipolar disorder. Through Genomic Structural Equation Modelling we dissected the contribution identifying 63 SNPs uniquely (SZspecific) 78 shared disorder (PSYshared). Both (rg = -0.22) SZspecific -0.24) were genetically negatively correlated correlations PSYshared IQ less pronounced (both rg -0.07). exhibited minimal correlation 0.01), yet latent variables demonstrated divergent relationships; was positively 0.11), whereas -0.06). PGS analyses in UK Biobank (n=381,688), corroborated these relationships, SZspecific-PGS (β -0.13, p < 2e-16), PSYshared-PGS 0.14, 2e-16). Mendelian Randomisation provided additional support, but also confirmed presence of pleiotropy. Our findings underscore utility methods dissecting neuropsychiatric disorders, supporting existence two possible pathways schizophrenia: one another stronger neurodevelopmental underpinnings.

Language: Английский

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