Influence of Ageing on the Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Chronically Administered Medicines in Geriatric Patients: A Review
Clinical Pharmacokinetics,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Jan. 11, 2025
As
people
age,
the
efficiency
of
various
regulatory
processes
that
ensure
proper
communication
between
cells
and
organs
tends
to
decline.
This
deterioration
can
lead
difficulties
in
maintaining
homeostasis
during
physiological
stress.
includes
but
is
not
limited
cognitive
impairments,
functional
difficulties,
issues
related
caregivers
which
contribute
significantly
medication
errors
non-adherence.
These
factors
higher
morbidity,
extended
hospital
stays,
reduced
quality
life,
even
mortality.
The
decrease
homeostatic
capacity
varies
among
individuals,
contributing
greater
variability
observed
geriatric
populations.
Significant
pharmacokinetic
pharmacodynamic
alterations
accompany
ageing.
Pharmacokinetic
changes
include
decreased
renal
hepatic
clearance
an
increased
volume
distribution
for
lipid-soluble
drugs,
prolong
their
elimination
half-life.
Pharmacodynamic
typically
involve
sensitivity
drug
classes,
such
as
anticoagulants,
antidiabetic
psychotropic
medications.
review
examines
primary
age-related
geriatrics
impact
on
pharmacokinetics
pharmacodynamics
Language: Английский
Rise of escitalopram and the fall of citalopram
medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 8, 2023
Citalopram
and
escitalopram
are
among
the
most
used
medications
key
treatments
for
many
psychiatric
disorders.
Previous
findings
suggest
citalopram
prescription
rates
changing
because
of
patent
ending
as
opposed
to
evidence
a
clear
therapeutic
advantage,
which
is
called
evergreening.
This
retrospective
study
focuses
on
characterizing
chronologic
geographic
variation
in
use
US
Medicaid
Medicare
patients.
We
hypothesized
that
will
decrease
with
concurrent
increase
escitalopram,
consistent
evergreening.Citalopram
costs
per
state
were
obtained
from
State
Drug
Utilization
Database
Provider
Payment
Data.
Annual
outside
95%
confidence
interval
considered
significantly
different
average.Overall,
decreasing
trend
an
increasing
noted
both
Cost
differences
between
generic
brand
drugs,
forms
being
cheaper
compared
brand-name
version.Despite
limited
suggesting
have
any
meaningful
or
adverse
effects,
there
exists
noticeable
decline
cooccurred
prescribing,
our
hypothesis.
Moreover,
these
general
pharmacoepidemiologic
trends
significant
variability.
There
was
disproportionate
spending
(relative
their
use)
versions
medicines
forms.
Language: Английский