Reconsidering sleep perception in insomnia: from misperception to mismeasurement

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(6)

Published: Sept. 7, 2023

Summary So‐called ‘sleep misperception’ refers to a phenomenon in which individuals have the impression of sleeping little or not at all despite normal objective measures sleep. It is unknown whether this subjective–objective mismatch truly reflects an abnormal perception sleep, it results from inability standard sleep recording techniques capture ‘wake‐like’ brain activity patterns that could account for feeling awake during Here, we systematically reviewed studies reporting macro‐ and microstructural, metabolic, mental correlates (mis)perception. Our findings suggest most tend accurately estimate their duration measured with polysomnography (PSG). In good sleepers, rule onset, remains frequent first non‐rapid eye movement cycle almost never occurs rapid (REM) contrast, there are patients insomnia who consistently underestimate duration, regardless how long they Unlike continue feel after importantly, REM Their also more thought‐like. Initial based on PSG parameters largely failed show consistent differences macrostructure between these controls. However, recent assessing refined revealed metabolic microstructural electroencephalography changes likely reflect shift towards greater cortical activation correlate awake. We discuss significance conclude open questions possible ways address them.

Language: Английский

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Infraslow noradrenergic locus coeruleus activity fluctuations are gatekeepers of the NREM–REM sleep cycle

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 25, 2024

Language: Английский

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Pupil size reveals arousal level dynamics in human sleep

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 21, 2023

Abstract Recent animal research has revealed the intricate dynamics of arousal levels that are potentially crucial for maintaining proper sleep resilience and memory consolidation. Also in humans, changes level believed to be a determining characteristic healthy pathological but tracking fluctuations been methodologically challenging. Here we measured pupil size, an established indicator levels, during overnight tested whether affects cortical response auditory stimulation. We show size change as function macrostructure microstructural events. In particular, is inversely related occurrence spindle clusters, marker resilience. Additionally, prior stimulation influences evoked response, most notably delta power, several restorative regenerative functions sleep. Recording provides novel insights into interplay between oscillations, opening new avenues future clinical applications diagnosing treating associated with abnormal levels.

Language: Английский

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Homeostatic regulation of rapid eye movement sleep by the preoptic area of the hypothalamus

eLife, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: June 17, 2024

Rapid eye movement sleep (REMs) is characterized by activated electroencephalogram (EEG) and muscle atonia, accompanied vivid dreams. REMs homeostatically regulated, ensuring that any loss of compensated a subsequent increase in its amount. However, the neural mechanisms underlying homeostatic control are largely unknown. Here, we show GABAergic neurons preoptic area hypothalamus projecting to tuberomammillary nucleus (POA GAD2 →TMN neurons) crucial for regulation mice. POA most active during REMs, inhibiting them specifically decreases REMs. restriction leads an increased number amplitude calcium transients neurons, reflecting accumulation pressure. Inhibiting blocked rebound Our findings reveal hypothalamic circuit whose activity mirrors buildup pressure required ensuing

Language: Английский

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Fractal cycles of sleep, a new aperiodic activity-based definition of sleep cycles

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Sleep cycles are defined as episodes of non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep followed by an episode REM sleep. Fractal or aperiodic neural activity is a well-established marker arousal and stages measured using electroencephalography. We introduce new concept ‘fractal cycles’ sleep, time interval during which series fractal descend to their local minimum ascend the next maximum. assess correlations between classical (i.e. non-REM – REM) cycle durations study with skipped The sample comprised 205 healthy adults, 21 children adolescents 111 patients depression. found that (89±34 vs 90±25 min) correlated positively ( r =0.5, p<0.001). Children had shorter than young adults (76±34 94±32 min). algorithm detected in 91–98% cases. Medicated depression showed longer compared unmedicated state (107±51 92±38 age-matched controls (104±49 88±31 In conclusion, objective, quantifiable, continuous biologically plausible way display its cycles.

Language: Английский

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Serotonin modulates infraslow oscillation in the dentate gyrus during Non-REM sleep

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Synchronous neuronal activity is organized into oscillations with various frequency and time domains across different brain areas states. For example, hippocampal theta, gamma sharp wave are critical for memory formation communication between subareas the cortex. In this study, we investigated of dentate gyrus (DG) optical imaging tools during sleep-wake cycles. We found that major glutamatergic cell populations in DG infraslow (0.01 – 0.03 Hz) NREM sleep. Although considered a sparsely active network wakefulness, 50% granule cells about 25% mossy exhibit increased Further experiments revealed oscillation was correlated rhythmic serotonin release sleep, which oscillates at same but an opposite phase. Genetic manipulation 5-HT receptors neuromodulatory regulation mediated by 5-HT1a knockdown these leads to impairment. Together, our results provide novel mechanistic insights how system can influence patterns

Language: Английский

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Emerging Functions of Neuromodulation during Sleep

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(40), P. e1277242024 - e1277242024

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Neuromodulators act on multiple timescales to affect neuronal activity and behavior. They function as synaptic fine-tuners master coordinators of across distant brain regions body organs. While much research neuromodulation has focused roles in promoting features wakefulness transitions between sleep wake states, the precise dynamics functions neuromodulatory signaling during have received less attention. This review discusses presented at our minisymposium 2024 Society for Neuroscience meeting, highlighting how norepinephrine, dopamine, acetylcholine orchestrate oscillatory activity, control architecture microarchitecture, regulate responsiveness sensory stimuli, facilitate memory consolidation. The potential each neuromodulator influence is shaped by state milieu, which turn influenced organismal or systemic state. Investigating effects release different substates environments offers unique opportunities deepen understanding explore distinct computational that arise sleep. Moreover, since alterations are implicated various neuropsychiatric disorders because existing pharmacological treatments signaling, gaining a deeper less-studied aspects neuromodulators high importance.

Language: Английский

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Age-related differences in the association between REM sleep and the polygenic risk for Parkinson's disease

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Objective Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the rare diseases for which sleep alteration a true marker outcome. Yet, how association between and PD emerges over healthy lifetime not established. We examined polygenic risk score (PRS) variability in electrophysiology Rapid Eye Movement (REM) 345 younger (18-31y) 85 older (50-69y) individuals. Methods In this prospective cross-sectional study, in-lab EEG recordings were recorded to extract REM metrics. PRS was computed using SBayesR approach. Results Generalized Additive Model Location, Scale Shape (GAMLSS) analysis showed significant duration ( p corr =0.002) theta energy =0.0002 ) with interaction age group. sub-sample, positively associated PRS. contrast, same associations negative (though only qualitatively energy) may differ men women. Interpretation early adulthood, 2 5 decades prior typical symptoms onset. The switches from positive individuals, presumably free alpha-synuclein, possibly because progressive presence alpha-synuclein aggregates or repeated increased oxidative metabolism imposed by sleep. Our findings unravel core contribute novel intervention targets prevent delay PD.

Language: Английский

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Noradrenaline and Acetylcholine shape Functional Connectivity organization of NREM substages: an empirical and simulation study

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Abstract Sleep onset is characterized by a departure from arousal, and can be separated into well-differentiated stages: NREM (which encompasses three substages: N1, N2 N3) REM (Rapid Eye Movement). Awake brain dynamics are maintained various wake-promoting mechanisms, particularly the neuromodulators Acetylcholine (ACh) Noradrenaline (NA), whose levels naturally decrease during transition to sleep. The combined influence of these neurotransmitters on connectivity sleep remains unclear, as previous models have examined them mostly in isolation or only deep In this study, we employ Whole Brain model investigate how changes neurochemistry sleep, specifically involving ACh NA, affect Functional Connectivity (FC) brain. Using Wilson-Cowan whole informed an empirical connectome heterogeneous receptivity map neuromodulators, explore dynamics. Initial FC analysis reveals distinct changes: Locus Coeruleus (LC) with cortex N3, Basal Forebrain (BF) N3. Additionally, compared Wakefulness (W), there more integrated state N1 segregated We adjust coupling input-output slope for based BF LC priors, show that region-specific neurotransmitter distribution key explaining their effects FC. This work enhances our understanding neurotransmitters’ roles modulating stages significant contribution transitions between different states consciousness, both health disease.

Language: Английский

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Sleep disturbance correlated with severity of neuropathic pain in sciatic nerve crush injury model

Journal of Sleep Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(5)

Published: Jan. 10, 2024

Summary The association between sleep and pain has been investigated widely. However, inconsistent results from animal studies compared with human data show the need for a validated model in sleep–pain field. Our study aims to validate common neuropathic models as tool evaluating association. Electrodes electroencephalogram (EEG) electromyogram (EMG) were surgically implanted measure sleep. von Frey test was used sensitivity. Following baseline acquisition, two pain‐modelling procedures performed: sciatic nerve crush injury (SCI) peroneal ligation (CPL). Post‐injury measurements performed on days 1, 5, 10, 15 post‐surgery. presented decreased paw withdrawal thresholds reduced NREM duration both first post‐surgery day. In SCI model, negatively correlated ( p = 0.0466), but not CPL model. Wake alpha theta EEG powers also threshold. confirm that shows disturbed patterns associated increased sensitivity, suggesting it is reliable investigating disturbances pain.

Language: Английский

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