Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Aug. 17, 2024

Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors underlying these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying that can distinguish individuals at developing is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample patients consisting 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection without signs respiratory failure 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task, MRI evaluations. We assessed presence anosmia requirement hospitalization. Groups did not differ in age or performance. who presented exhibited more impulsive alternative changes after shift probabilities (r = − 0.26, p 0.001), while required hospitalization showed perseverative choices 0.25, 0.003). Anosmia correlated measures, including decreased functional activity during thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity. Hence, could be factor considered when at-risk populations follow-up.

Language: Английский

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On the merits and potential of advanced neuroimaging techniques in COVID-19: A scoping review

NeuroImage Clinical, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42, P. 103589 - 103589

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Many Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients are suffering from long-term neuropsychological sequelae. These may benefit a better understanding of the underlying neuropathophysiological mechanisms and identification potential biomarkers treatment targets. Structural clinical neuroimaging techniques have limited ability to visualize subtle cerebral abnormalities investigate brain function. This scoping review assesses merits advanced in COVID-19 using literature including or postmortem analyses adult published start pandemic until December 2023. Findings were summarized according distinct categories reported revealed by different imaging techniques. Although no unified COVID-19-specific pattern could be subtracted, broad range (likely attributable hypoxic, vascular, inflammatory pathology), even absence structural findings. validated examinations. emphasizes added value compared highlights implications for functioning consequences COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Multimodal MRI analysis of COVID-19 effects on pediatric brain

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 5, 2025

The COVID-19 pandemic has raised significant concerns regarding its impact on the central nervous system, including brain. While effects adult populations are well documented, less is known about implications for pediatric populations. This study investigates alterations in cortical metrics and structural covariance networks (SCNs) based Local Gyrification Index (LGI) children with mild COVID-19, alongside changes non-invasive MRI proxies related to glymphatic function. We enrolled 19 22 age-comparable healthy controls. High-resolution T1-weighted diffusion-weighted images were acquired. Cortical metrics, thickness, surface area, volume, LGI, compared using vertex-wise general linear models. SCNs analyzed differences global nodal proxies, diffusion tensor imaging along perivascular space choroid plexus (CP) also assessed. Our results showed increased LGI left superior parietal cortex, as thickness lateral occipital cortex among COVID-19. SCN analysis revealed altered network topology larger CP volumes COVID group, suggesting virus-induced neuroinflammation. These findings provide evidence of potential brain following emphasizing need further investigation into long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes.

Language: Английский

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Temporal trajectories of COVID-19 symptoms in adults with 22 months follow-up in a prospective cohort study in Norway

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Objectives We aimed to describe the trajectories of cognitive and physical symptoms before, during, after a positive- or negative SARS-CoV-2 test in untested controls. Design A prospective cohort study. Setting Norway, 27 March 2020 6 July 2022 Participants total 146 065 volunteers were recruited. Of these, 120 605 participants (mean age 49 (SD 13.7), 69% female), initially for virus, completed one more follow-up questionnaires (response rates 72-90%) included analysis. After 22 months follow-up, 15 737 had positive test, 67 305 37 563 still untested. Main outcome measures assessed reported past three weeks memory concentration problems, anosmia dysgeusia, dyspnoea, fatigue, fever, headache, cough, muscular pain, nasal symptoms, sore throat abdominal pain at baseline through four questionnaires. In addition, overall health compared year before was measured with five-point scale problems using Everyday Memory Questionnaire-13 two timepoints. The exposure, status (positive, untested), obtained from mandatory national registry self-report, data analysed mixed model logistic regression. Results SARS-CoV-2-test associated following persistent (1-3 test); (3 test: adjusted odds ratio (OR) 9.1, 95% confidence interval (CI) 7.5 10.9; 12 18 months: OR 7.8, CI 5.7 10.8), 6.1, 4.8 6.5; 5.3, 3.9 7.1), dyspnoea fatigue as well self-assessed worsening health. Conclusion new onset memory- health, which persisted length months, even when correcting COVID-19 Trial registration ClinicalTrials ID: NCT04320732 What is already known this topic Cognitive difficulties have been infections but lack studies sparked global debate regarding severity duration these symptoms. Post acute viral syndromes described many different infections, it unknown whether “long-COVID” Acute Sequela (PASC) are specific not. study adds found significant long-term increase (COVID-19) not (indication another infection) test. To our knowledge, first large report both up

Language: Английский

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Patients Recovering from COVID-19 who Presented Anosmia During their Acute Episode have Behavioral, Functional, and Structural Brain Alterations

medRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 3, 2024

Abstract Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors that underlie these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying can distinguish individuals at developing medium or long-term is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample 100 patients who were affected by respiratory infection during pandemic. This comprised 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 (who did not require invasive ventilatory assistance) 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task measure flexibility, magnetic resonance imaging evaluations. We assessed two clinical infection: presence anosmia requirement hospitalization due symptoms. Groups differ in age performance, but differentially performance. presented acute episode exhibited more impulsive changes alternatives after shift probabilities task, while required showed perseverative choices. Interestingly, correlated several measures, including decreases functional activity thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity corticospinal tracts parietal-thalamic fasciculi, among others. These results suggest could be factor may serve identify at-risk populations follow-up.

Language: Английский

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Functional brain alterations in COVID-19 patients using resting-state fMRI: a systematic review

Brain Imaging and Behavior, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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