Smelling TNT: Trends of the Terminal Nerve DOI Open Access

Wael Abu Ruqa,

Fiorenza Pennacchia,

Eqrem Rusi

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3920 - 3920

Published: March 31, 2024

There is very little knowledge regarding the terminal nerve, from its implications in involvement and pathogenesis of certain conditions, to embryological origin. With this review, we try summarize most important evidence on aiming clarify anatomy various functions attributed it, better interpret potential pathological processes. Recent studies have also suggested role control human reproductive behaviors. It has been hypothesized that it plays a unconscious perception specific odors influence autonomic hormonal systems through hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. We used PubMed database found different articles which were then selected independently by three authors. 166 articles, which, after careful selection, only 21 analyzed. The nerve was always thought be unimportant our body. well studied types animals, but few completed humans. For reason, function remains unknown. Studies suggest possible implication olfaction due anatomical proximity with olfactive nerve. Others more reproduction sexual New emerging information suggests Kallmann syndrome COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Anti-Müllerian Hormone: A Molecular Key to Unlocking Polycystic Ovary Syndrome? DOI
David H. Abbott,

Beverly A Hutcherson,

Daniel A. Dumesic

et al.

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(01), P. 041 - 048

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) is an important component within androgen receptor (AR)-regulated pathways governing the hyperandrogenic origin of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In women with PCOS, granulosa cell AMH overexpression in developing ovarian follicles contributes to elevated circulating levels beginning at birth and continuing adolescent daughters PCOS women. A 6 7% incidence among gene variants coding for or its receptor, AMHR2, suggests genetic contributions AMH-related pathogenesis. Discrete gestational administration pregnant mice induces hypergonadotropic hyperandrogenic, PCOS-like female offspring high that persist over three generations, suggesting epigenetic through developmental programming. Moreover, adult-onset, selective hyperactivation hypothalamic neurons expressing gonadotropin-releasing (GnRH) hyperandrogenism traits mice. Both adult inductions are prevented by GnRH antagonist coadministration, implicating luteinizing hormone–dependent theca testosterone (T) action, mediated AR AMH-induced Interestingly, peripubertal exogenous T dihydrotestosterone induction mice, rats, sheep, monkeys fails elicit hypersecretion; thus, excess per se may lead a distinct pathogenic contribution origins.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Smelling TNT: Trends of the Terminal Nerve DOI Open Access

Wael Abu Ruqa,

Fiorenza Pennacchia,

Eqrem Rusi

et al.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(7), P. 3920 - 3920

Published: March 31, 2024

There is very little knowledge regarding the terminal nerve, from its implications in involvement and pathogenesis of certain conditions, to embryological origin. With this review, we try summarize most important evidence on aiming clarify anatomy various functions attributed it, better interpret potential pathological processes. Recent studies have also suggested role control human reproductive behaviors. It has been hypothesized that it plays a unconscious perception specific odors influence autonomic hormonal systems through hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis. We used PubMed database found different articles which were then selected independently by three authors. 166 articles, which, after careful selection, only 21 analyzed. The nerve was always thought be unimportant our body. well studied types animals, but few completed humans. For reason, function remains unknown. Studies suggest possible implication olfaction due anatomical proximity with olfactive nerve. Others more reproduction sexual New emerging information suggests Kallmann syndrome COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

2