Spinal neuron diversity scales exponentially with swim-to-limb transformation during frog metamorphosis

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Sept. 21, 2024

Vertebrates exhibit a wide range of motor behaviors, ranging from swimming to complex limb-based movements. Here we take advantage frog metamorphosis, which captures swim-to-limb-based movement transformation during the development single organism, explore changes in underlying spinal circuits. We find that tadpole cord contains small and largely homogeneous populations neurons (MNs) V1 interneurons (V1s) at early escape stages. These neuronal only modestly increase number subtype heterogeneity with emergence free swimming. In contrast, metamorphosis limb movement, there is dramatic expansion MN interneuron transcriptional heterogeneity, culminating cohorts striking molecular similarity mammalian CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene disruption determinants FoxP1 Engrailed-1, respectively, results severe but selective deficits tail function. Our work thus demonstrates neural diversity scales exponentially increasing behavioral complexity illustrates evolutionary conservation organization function circuits across species.

Language: Английский

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Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms of Motor Circuit Development

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(40), P. e1238242024 - e1238242024

Published: Oct. 2, 2024

Motor circuits represent the main output of central nervous system and produce dynamic behaviors ranging from relatively simple rhythmic activities like swimming in fish breathing mammals to highly sophisticated dexterous movements humans. Despite decades research, development function motor remain poorly understood. Breakthroughs field recently provided new tools tractable model systems that set stage discover molecular mechanisms circuit logic underlying control. Here, we describe recent advances both vertebrate (mouse, frog) invertebrate (nematode, fruit fly) on cellular enable develop highlight conserved divergent necessary for development.

Language: Английский

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New genetic tools usher amphibian neuroscience research into modern age

The Transmitter, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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