Journal of Medical Virology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 96(12)

Published: Dec. 1, 2024

Oropouche virus (OROV) infections usually lead to a self-limiting disease, with some severe cases resulting in neurological impairment or bleeding [1]. In Brazil, OROV infection has been reported since the 1960s, mainly northern region [2]. Although it is difficult estimate number/distribution of fever worrying number positive have recorded 2024. As August 27, 2024, 7848 were confirmed, including areas no previous records circulation [3]. Furthermore, unusual outcomes also described, fatal adults, fetal deaths and malformations [4, 5]. Previous studies raised important issues related recent possible viral reassortment [6, 7]; however, reasons for current scenario remains uncertain. (species Orthobunyavirus oropoucheense, genus family Peribunyaviridae) trisegmented (S, M L segments), single-stranded, negative-sense RNA arbovirus [8, 9]. During replication, segment translated into polyprotein, which processed three individual proteins, glycoproteins Gc Gn nonstructural protein NSm [9]. are organized heterodimers mediate attachment (Gc and/or Gn) fusion/entry (Gc) addition, major target neutralizing antibodies [10]. only encoded by segment, being more conserved than [11]. function orthobunyaviruses still discussed, authors demonstrated its role assembly budding other viruses previously grouped former Bunyaviridae, such as Rift Valley (RVFV) (now Phenuiviridae) tomato spotted wilt (TSWV) (Tospoviridae) [8], implicated mosquito vector [12, 13] cell-to-cell spread [14]. evading host immune response inhibiting virus-induced apoptosis [15]. Recognizing importance segment-encoded contribute discussions on evolution, well we analyzed amino acid (aa) partial complete sequences polyprotein deposited GenBank until 11, The data set included 461 from samples collected between 1955 2024 Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, French Guiana, Trinidad Tobago Italy (Supporting Information S1: Supplementary File 1). aligned MAFFT (Multiple Alignment using Fast Fourier Transform) version 7 (https://mafft.cbrc.jp/alignment/server/index.html) aa generated visualized Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis 11 [16]. reading frames our confirmed comparison corresponding GenBank. Finally, was carefully evaluated identification potential mutations sequenced years. Herein, identified two residues that might deserve special attention: 393 521 (reference KP052851.1, first methionine counting), changed most recently Brazil (Figure At residue 393, observed change isoleucine (I) (nonpolar aa) threonine (T) (polar (I393T) all 2022 (n = 390). 393T Ecuador (2016; MF926353.1 MK506823.1-MK506827.1), Colombia (2017, 2020 2021; MK643116.1, OP244878.1, OP244884.1 OP244881.1), Guiana (2020; OL689333.1), Peru (2022-2024; PP966972.1-PP966979.1) (2024; PP952118.2). On hand, before (1960-2018) 48), except sample/isolate ILMD_TF29 (2015; PP154171.1), presented I393 47/48). found older outside an unidentified collection country: (1955; KP026180.1), unavailable country (1961; MF620128.1) Haiti (2014; MN264268.1). addition this profile, I393T substitution resulted new phosphorylation site kinase C (score > 0.7) (NetPhos - 3.1; https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/services/NetPhos-3.1/). Interestingly, located NSm, shown orthobunyavirus assembly/budding [9], evasion RFVF 13, 15]. Overall, position/residue (in protein) combined viruses, suggests be evolution. 521, phenylalanine (F) leucine (L) serine (S) (F/L521S); nonpolar polar aa. All 390), LACENAM_ILMD_1197FSM PQ065193.1), 521S 389/390). Among (2023 2024; PP966976.1-PP966978.1) Conversely, (1960–2018) F/L521 48). MN264268.1), (2022–2024; PP966972.1-PP966975.1 PP966979.1) F/L521. discussed I393T, F/L521S (nonspecific prediction, score 0.9; NetPhos 3.1). Gc, specifically head 2), described Importantly, believed involved entry Considering replication response, OROV, believe investigation may insights sites under selection already [17]. contributions these changes fitness unknown, they play virus-host interaction. understand limitations study, inherent little attention given throughout history: (i) few per period; (ii) large periods without samples; (iii) sequences; (iv) Taken together, make assess real extent impact here when became prevalent, discuss their eventual association epidemiological scenario. Indeed, although cannot establish link substitutions fitness, would timely if investigated future reverse genetics studies, suitable animal models, influence phenotype interactions. monitoring above, investigating others positions proteins provide José Valter Joaquim Silva Júnior: conceptualization, methodology, investigation, visualization writing–original draft. Thaísa Regina Rocha Lopes: methodology Natália Hettwer Pedroso: Ricardo Durães-Carvalho: writing–review editing. Rudi Weiblen: Eduardo Furtado Flores: Laura Helena Vega Gonzales Gil: writing–review, editing supervision. R.D.C. supported São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP), Young Investigator Program, grants 2019/01255-9 2021/03684-4. E.F.F. (301414/2010-6), R.W. (303981/2022-9) L.H.V.G.G. (317296/2021-3) CNPq research fellowships. nothing report. declare conflicts interest. Data supporting study available Genbank , Protein Bank 1. Please note: publisher not responsible content functionality any information supplied authors. Any queries (other missing content) should directed author article.

Language: Английский