Cell Discovery,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(1)
Published: Nov. 7, 2023
Phase
separation,
a
biophysical
segregation
of
subcellular
milieus
referred
as
condensates,
is
known
to
regulate
transcription,
but
its
impacts
on
physiological
processes
are
less
clear.
Here,
we
demonstrate
the
formation
liquid-like
nuclear
condensates
by
SGF29,
component
SAGA
transcriptional
coactivator
complex,
during
cellular
senescence
in
human
mesenchymal
progenitor
cells
(hMPCs)
and
fibroblasts.
The
Arg
207
within
intrinsically
disordered
region
identified
key
amino
acid
residue
for
SGF29
form
phase
separation.
Through
epigenomic
transcriptomic
analysis,
our
data
indicated
that
both
condensate
H3K4me3
binding
essential
establishing
precise
chromatin
location,
recruiting
factors
co-activators
target
specific
genomic
loci,
initiating
expression
genes
associated
with
senescence,
such
CDKN1A.
alone,
however,
may
not
be
sufficient
drive
or
achieve
transactivation
functions.
Our
study
establishes
link
between
separation
aging
regulation,
highlighting
functional
unit
facilitate
shaping
landscapes
aging.
Clinical Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
136(3), P. 197 - 222
Published: Feb. 1, 2022
Abstract
Tumorigenesis
is
a
highly
complex
process,
involving
many
interrelated
and
cross-acting
signalling
pathways.
One
such
pathway
that
has
garnered
much
attention
in
the
field
of
cancer
research
over
last
decade
Hippo
pathway.
Consisting
two
antagonistic
modules,
plays
an
integral
role
both
tumour
suppressive
oncogenic
processes,
generally
via
regulation
diverse
set
genes
involved
range
biological
functions.
This
review
discusses
history
within
context
explores
some
most
recent
discoveries
as
to
how
this
critical
transducer
cellular
can
influence
progression.
A
special
focus
on
various
efforts
therapeutically
target
key
effectors
preclinical
clinical
settings.
Nucleus,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13(1), P. 238 - 278
Published: Nov. 20, 2022
Access
to
DNA
is
a
prerequisite
the
execution
of
essential
cellular
processes
that
include
transcription,
replication,
chromosomal
segregation,
and
repair.
How
proteins
regulate
these
function
in
context
chromatin
its
dynamic
architectures
an
intensive
field
study.
Over
past
decade,
genome-wide
assays
new
imaging
approaches
have
enabled
greater
understanding
how
access
genome
regulated
by
nucleosomes
associated
proteins.
Additional
mechanisms
may
control
accessibility
vivo
compaction
phase
separation
–
are
beginning
be
understood.
Here,
we
review
ongoing
development
measurements,
summarize
different
molecular
structural
shape
landscape,
detail
many
important
biological
functions
linked
accessibility.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
120(18)
Published: April 24, 2023
Nuclear
DNA
in
eukaryotes
is
wrapped
around
histone
proteins
to
form
nucleosomes
on
a
chromatin
fiber.
Dynamic
folding
of
the
fiber
into
loops
and
variations
degree
compaction
regulate
essential
processes
such
as
transcription,
recombination,
mitotic
chromosome
segregation.
Our
understanding
physical
properties
that
allow
be
dynamically
remodeled
even
highly
compacted
states
limited.
Previously,
we
reported
has
an
intrinsic
capacity
phase
separate
dynamic
liquid-like
condensates,
which
can
regulated
by
cellular
factors
[B.
A.
Gibson
et
al.
,
Cell
179
470–484.e421
(2019)].
Recent
contradictory
reports
claim
specific
set
solution
conditions
required
for
fluidity
condensates
would
otherwise
solid
[J.
C.
Hansen,
K.
Maeshima,
M.
J.
Hendzel,
Epigenetics
Chromatin
14
50
(2021);
H.
Strickfaden
183
1772–1784.e1713
(2020)].
We
sought
resolve
these
discrepancies,
our
ability
translate
with
confidence
biophysical
observations
cells
requires
their
precise
characterization.
Moreover,
whether
assemblies
are
or
static
affects
how
loop
extrusion,
remodeling
will
engage
them
inside
cells.
Here,
show
diverse
without
buffering
components
fragments
separated
fluids
vitro.
also
explore
sample
preparation
imaging
affect
experimental
observation
condensate
dynamics.
Last,
describe
vitro
behaviors
locally
but
globally
constrained
movement
observed
Trends in Biochemical Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
48(5), P. 477 - 490
Published: Feb. 6, 2023
Intrinsically
disordered
regions
(IDRs)
are
especially
enriched
among
proteins
that
regulate
chromatin
and
transcription.
As
a
result,
mechanisms
influence
specificity
of
IDR-driven
interactions
have
emerged
as
exciting
unresolved
issues
for
understanding
gene
regulation.
We
review
the
molecular
elements
frequently
found
within
IDRs
confer
regulatory
specificity.
In
particular,
we
summarize
differing
roles
low-complexity
(LCRs)
short
linear
motifs
(SLiMs)
towards
selective
nuclear
Examination
highlights
SLiMs
organizers
selectivity,
with
widespread
in
regulation
integration
cellular
signals.
Analysis
recurrent
between
folded
domains
suggests
diverse
avenues
to
phase-separated
condensates
opportunities
manipulate
these
control
biological
activity.
Communications Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
7(1)
Published: Feb. 16, 2024
Whether
phase-separation
is
involved
in
the
organization
of
transcriptional
machinery
and
if
it
aids
or
inhibits
process
a
matter
intense
debate.
In
this
Mini
Review,
we
will
cover
current
knowledge
regarding
role
condensates
on
gene
expression
regulation.
We
summarize
latest
discoveries
relationship
between
condensate
formation,
genome
organization,
activity,
focusing
strengths
weaknesses
experimental
approaches
used
to
interrogate
these
aspects
transcription
living
cells.
Finally,
discuss
challenges
for
future
research.
Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
13(5), P. a040675 - a040675
Published: April 5, 2021
Kazuhiro
Maeshima1,2,
Shiori
Iida1,2
and
Sachiko
Tamura1
1Genome
Dynamics
Laboratory,
National
Institute
of
Genetics,
Mishima,
Shizuoka
411-8540,
Japan
2Department
School
Life
Science,
Sokendai
(Graduate
University
for
Advanced
Studies),
Correspondence:
kmaeshim{at}nig.ac.jp
