Resilience of genetic diversity in forest trees over the Quaternary

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Oct. 14, 2024

The effect of past environmental changes on the demography and genetic diversity natural populations remains a contentious issue has rarely been investigated across multiple, phylogenetically distant species. Here, we perform comparative population genomic analyses demographic inferences for seven widely distributed ecologically contrasting European forest tree species based concerted sampling 164 their ranges. For all species, effective size, N

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic stress memory in gymnosperms

PLANT PHYSIOLOGY, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 195(2), P. 1117 - 1133

Published: Jan. 31, 2024

Abstract Gymnosperms are long-lived, cone-bearing seed plants that include some of the most ancient extant plant species. These relict land have evolved to survive in habitats marked by chronic or episodic stress. Their ability thrive these environments is partly due their phenotypic flexibility, and epigenetic regulation likely plays a crucial part this plasticity. We review current knowledge on abiotic biotic stress memory gymnosperms possible mechanisms underlying long-term adaptations. also discuss recent technological improvements new experimental possibilities will advance our understanding hard-to-study plants.

Language: Английский

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Resilience of genetic diversity in forest trees over the Quaternary

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Abstract The effect of past environmental changes on the demography and genetic diversity natural populations remains a contentious issue has rarely been investigated across multiple, phylogenetically distant species. Here, we performed comparative population genomic analyses demographic inferences for seven widely distributed ecologically contrasted European forest tree species based concerted sampling 164 their ranges. For all species, effective size, N e , increased or remained stable over many glacial cycles up to 15 million years in most extreme cases. Hence, surprisingly, drastic associated with Pleistocene have had little impact level dominant despite major shifts geographic Based trajectories time, can be divided into three groups, highlighting importance life history range size determining synchronous variation diversity, time. Altogether, our results indicate that trees were able retain evolutionary potential very long periods time strong changes. One-Sentence Summary Population reveal retained Quaternary.

Language: Английский

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Fossil-calibrated molecular clock data enable reconstruction of steps leading to differentiated multicellularity and anisogamy in the Volvocine algae

BMC Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: April 10, 2024

Abstract Background Throughout its nearly four-billion-year history, life has undergone evolutionary transitions in which simpler subunits have become integrated to form a more complex whole. Many of these opened the door innovations that resulted increased biodiversity and/or organismal efficiency. The evolution multicellularity from unicellular forms represents one such transition, paved way for cellular differentiation, including differentiation male and female gametes. A useful model studying is volvocine algae, clade freshwater green algae whose members range colonial, undifferentiated completely differentiated, gamete types can be isogamous, anisogamous, or oogamous. To better understand how multicellularity, gametes evolved this group, we used comparative genomics fossil data establish geologically calibrated roadmap when occurred. Results Our ancestral-state reconstructions, show arose independently twice algae. chronograms indicate during Carboniferous-Triassic periods Goniaceae + Volvocaceae, possibly as early Cretaceous Tetrabaenaceae. Using divergence time estimates inferred when, what order, specific developmental changes occurred led differentiated oogamy. We find temporal sequence leading much proposed by David Kirk, correlated with acquisition anisogamy Lastly, morphological, molecular, suggest possibility cryptic species Conclusions Large molecular datasets robust phylogenetic methods are bringing history sharply into focus. Mounting evidence suggests extant group result two independent origins multiple cell differentiation. Also, origin Tetrabaenaceae-Goniaceae-Volvocaceae may older than previously thought. Finally, Tetrabaenaceae provides an exciting opportunity study recent lineages adapted live very different thermal environments.

Language: Английский

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Conservation genomic investigation of an endangered conifer, Thuja sutchuenensis, reveals low genetic diversity but also low genetic load

Plant Diversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 78 - 90

Published: June 16, 2023

Endangered species generally have small populations with low genetic diversity and a high load.

Language: Английский

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Genomic exploration of Thuja plicata indicates no loss of diversity from adults to offspring in UK Woodlands

Tree Genetics & Genomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Abstract Thuja plicata is a conifer tree that valued for its cultural, ecological and wood quality features in natural range western North America used Europe as an exotic timber species. It increasingly mixed species forests the UK are managed using regeneration, raising questions about genetic diversity of both adult trees offspring these stands. We studied population structure four woodlands adults naturally regenerated T. . discovered 194,154 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) Genotyping-by-Sequencing (GBS) retained 655 SNPs across 598 genome sequence scaffolds analysis. The majority included only one SNP, suggesting that; selected were widely distributed within genome. found many monomorphic sites, most which restricted to single woodland, indicative differentiation among woodlands. three ancestral populations (K = 3) low levels admixture indicating starting materials largely from populations. Estimates heterozygosity (H o ) nucleotide (π) (overall H 0.174, π 0.00226) all sites but slightly higher juveniles at two sites. Our genotyping methods results on standing this important provide insight into ability planted face environmental shifts disease threats.

Language: Английский

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Comparative mutant analyses reveal a novel mechanism of ARF regulation in land plants

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Chemical Compositions and Enantiomeric Distributions of Foliar Essential Oils of Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (A. Murray bis) Parl, Thuja plicata Donn ex D. Don, and Tsuga heterophylla Sarg.

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(10), P. 1325 - 1325

Published: May 11, 2024

As part of our continuing interest in the essential oil compositions gymnosperms, particularly distribution chiral terpenoids, we have obtained foliar oils Chamaecyparis lawsoniana (two samples), Thuja plicata (three and Tsuga heterophylla (six samples) from locations state Oregon, USA. The were via hydrodistillation analyzed by gas chromatographic techniques, including chromatography—mass spectrometry. major components C. limonene (27.4% 22.0%; >99% (+)-limonene), oplopanonyl acetate (13.8% 11.3%), beyerene (14.3% 9.0%), sabinene (7.0% 6.5%; (+)-sabinene), terpinen-4-ol (5.0% 5.3%; predominantly (+)-terpinen-4-ol), methyl myrtenate (2.0% 5.4%). T. (−)-α-thujone (67.1–74.6%), (+)-β-thujone (7.8–9.3%), (2.7–4.4%; (+)-sabinene (1.1–3.5%). myrcene (7.0–27.6%), α-pinene (14.4–27.2%), β-phellandrene (6.6–19.3%), β-pinene (6.4–14.9%; >90% (−)-β-pinene), (Z)-β-ocimene (0.7–11.3%). There are significant differences between wild trees Oregon those cultivated other geographical locations. very similar, regardless collection site. no Coastal Range or Cascade Range. Comparing Cupressaceae with Pinaceae, there some developing trends. (+)-enantiomers seem to dominate for α-pinene, camphene, sabinene, β-pinene, limonene, terpinen-4-ol, α-terpineol Cuppressaceae. On hand, (−)-enantiomers predominate β-phellandrene, Pinaceae.

Language: Английский

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Development of a Target Enrichment Probe Set for Conifer (REMcon)

Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(6), P. 361 - 361

Published: May 22, 2024

Conifers are an ecologically and economically important seed plant group that can provide significant insights into the evolution of land plants. Molecular phylogenetics has developed as approach in evolutionary studies, although there have been relatively few studies conifers employ large-scale data sourced from multiple nuclear genes. Target enrichment sequencing (target capture, exon or Hyb-Seq) a key modern phylogenomic studies. However, until now, no bait set specifically targets entire conifer clade. REMcon is target sequence capture probe intended for family- species-level phylogenetic c. 100 single-copy loci. We tested using 69 species, including 44 genera across six families four other gymnosperm taxa, to evaluate efficiency efficiently generate comparable DNA conifers. The recovery loci was high, with, on average, 94% targeted regions recovered samples with high read coverage. A analysis these produced well-supported topology consistent current understanding relationships among will be useful generating sets consistently any lineage.

Language: Английский

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Genetic structure of an endangered species Ormosia henryi in southern China, and implications for conservation

BMC Plant Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: April 26, 2023

The evergreen broadleaved forest (EBLF) is an iconic vegetation type of East Asia, and it contributes fundamentally to biodiversity-based ecosystem functioning services. However, the native habitat EBLFs keeps on decreasing due anthropogenic activities. Ormosia henryi a valuable rare woody species in that particularly sensitive loss. In this study, ten natural populations O. southern China were sampled, then genotyping by sequencing (GBS) was applied elucidate standing genetic variation population structure endangered species.In populations, 64,158 high-quality SNPs generated GBS. Based these markers, relatively low level diversity found with expected heterozygosity (He) ranging from 0.2371 0.2901. Pairwise FST between varied 0.0213 0.1652, indicating moderate differentiation. contemporary gene flow rare. Assignment test principal component analysis (PCA) both supported could be divided into four groups, prominent admixture those located Jiangxi Province. Mantel tests multiple matrix regression randomization (MMRR) analyses suggested isolation distance (IBD) possible reason for describing current structure. addition, effective size (Ne) extremely small, showed continuous declining trend since Last Glacial Period.Our results indicate status seriously underestimated. Artificial conservation measures should as soon prevent fate extinction. Further studies are needed mechanism leading loss help develop better strategy.

Language: Английский

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