Response to reviewers DOI Creative Commons
Tom Kokkonen

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Abstract. To be able to meet global grand challenges (climate change; biodiversity loss; environmental pollution; scarcity of water, food and energy supplies; acidification; deforestation; chemicalization; pandemics), which all are closely interlinked with each other, we need comprehensive open data proper metadata. The large sets from ground-base in situ observations, ground satellite remote sensing multiscale modelling utilized seamlessly. In this opinion paper, describe the SMEAR (Station for Measuring Earth surface – Atmosphere Relations) concept. We also demonstrate its power via several examples, such as detection new particle formation their subsequent growth, quantifying atmosphere-ecosystem feedback loops, combining observations emergency science services, well studying effect COVID restrictions on different air quality climate variables. future needs potential environment summarized.

Language: Английский

Dynamics of nanocluster aerosol in the indoor atmosphere during gas cooking DOI Creative Commons
Satya S. Patra, Jinglin Jiang, Xiaosu Ding

et al.

PNAS Nexus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2024

Nanocluster aerosol (NCA: particles in the size range of 1-3 nm) are a critically important, yet understudied, class atmospheric particles. NCA efficiently deposit human respiratory system and can translocate to vital organs. Due their high surface area-to-mass ratios, associated with heightened propensity for bioactivity toxicity. Despite health relevance NCA, little is known regarding prevalence indoor environments where people spend majority time. In this study, we quantify formation transformation down 1 nm via high-resolution online nanoparticle measurements during propane gas cooking residential building. We observed substantial pool sub-1.5 atmosphere periods, number concentrations often dominated by newly formed NCA. Indoor emission factors reach up ∼10

Language: Английский

Citations

12
Measuring the Surface Tension of Atmospheric Particles and Relevant Mixtures to Better Understand Key Atmospheric Processes DOI Creative Commons

Manuella El Haber,

Violaine Gérard, Judith Kleinheins

et al.

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124(19), P. 10924 - 10963

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

Aerosol and aqueous particles are ubiquitous in Earth's atmosphere play key roles geochemical processes such as natural chemical cycles, cloud fog formation, air pollution, visibility, climate forcing, etc. The surface tension of atmospheric can affect their size distribution, condensational growth, evaporation, exchange chemicals with the atmosphere, which, turn, important above-mentioned processes. However, because measuring this quantity is challenging, its role was dismissed for decades. Over last 15 years, field research has seen some tremendous developments rapidly evolving. This review presents state-of-the-art subject focusing on experimental approaches. It also a unique inventory adsorption isotherms over 130 mixtures organic compounds water relevance model development validation. Potential future areas seeking to better determine particles, constrain laboratory investigations, or understand various processes, discussed. We hope that appeals not only scientists but researchers from other fields, who could help identify new approaches solutions current challenges.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Characterization of nitrous acid and its potential effects on secondary pollution in the warm season in Beijing urban areas DOI Creative Commons
Junling Li,

Chaofan Lian,

Mingyuan Liu

et al.

Atmospheric chemistry and physics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(4), P. 2551 - 2568

Published: Feb. 27, 2025

Abstract. As a key source of hydroxyl (OH) radicals, nitrous acid (HONO) has attracted much attention for its important role in the atmospheric oxidant capacity (AOC) increase. In this study, we made comparison ambient levels, variation patterns, sources, and formation pathway warm season (from June to October 2021) on basis continuous intensive observation an urban site Beijing. The monthly average mixing ratios HONO were 1.3, 1.0, 0.96, 0.89 ppb, respectively, showing larger contribution OH radicals relative ozone daytime. emission factor (EF) NOx from vehicle emissions was estimated be 0.017, higher than most studies conducted nocturnal NO2/HONO conversion frequency kHONO 0.008 h−1. season, missing HONO, Punknown, around noontime 0.29–2.7 ppb According production rate also very AOC. This work highlights importance AOC while encouraging long-term assess sources over time compared capture pollution processes.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Opinion: A paradigm shift in investigating the general characteristics of atmospheric new particle formation using field observations DOI Creative Commons
Markku Kulmala, Diego Aliaga, Santeri Tuovinen

et al.

Aerosol Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 49 - 58

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract. Atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) and associated production of secondary particulate matter dominate aerosol number concentrations submicron mass loadings in many environments globally. Our recent investigations show that atmospheric NPF produces a significant amount particles on days when no clear event has been observed/identified. Furthermore, it observed different all around the world growth rates nucleation mode vary little, usually much less than measured condensable vapors. It also local clustering, which cases acts as starting point regional (NPF), can be described with intermediate ions at smallest sizes. These observations, together recently developed ranking method, lead us to propose paradigm shift investigations. In this opinion paper, we will summarize traditional approach describing describe an alternative covering both initial growth. The opportunities remaining challenges offered by are discussed.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Flame-Free Candles Are Not Pollution-Free: Scented Wax Melts as a Significant Source of Atmospheric Nanoparticles DOI Creative Commons
Satya S. Patra, Jinglin Jiang, Jianghui Liu

et al.

Environmental Science & Technology Letters, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 175 - 182

Published: Feb. 3, 2025

Scented wax melts are being popularized as a safer, nontoxic alternative to traditional candles and incense for indoor aromatherapy. We performed field measurements in residential test house investigate atmospheric nanoparticle formation from scented melt use. employed high-resolution particle size magnifier-scanning mobility sizer (PSMPS) proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) real-time monitoring of distributions terpene mixing ratios, respectively. Our findings reveal that terpenes released react with ozone (O3) initiate new (NPF) events, resulting significant concentrations (>106 cm–3) comparable those emitted by combustion-based candles, gas stoves, diesel engines, natural engines. show melt-initiated NPF events can result respiratory exposures, tract deposited dose rates similar determined sources. results challenge the perception safer aromatherapy, highlighting need further research on toxicological properties newly formed nanoparticles better understand their environmental health implications.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Characterisation of atmospheric organic aerosols with one- and multidimensional liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry: State of the art and future perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Stefanie Hildmann, T. A. Hoffmann

TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 175, P. 117698 - 117698

Published: April 16, 2024

Aerosol particles are important components of the Earth's atmosphere and affect air quality climate. They small enough to penetrate deep into human lungs associated with serious short- long-term health effects. However, aerosols also climate directly through scattering absorption solar radiation indirectly their role as cloud condensation nuclei. A large fraction (∼50%) submicron aerosol mass in troposphere consists organic material. In recent years particular, some progress has been made, especially molecular characterisation individual target analytes determination physicochemical properties constituents. knowledge gaps remain, information on low- semi-volatile, often highly oxidized compounds or reactive compounds. For these classes compounds, different liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) systems have become preferred analytical methods years. Although offer a wide range applications, they can be limited specific analytes. Therefore, multidimensional LC MS introduced atmospheric sciences increase either analysed degree identification components. this review article, we present main applications advanced one- analysis non-targeted targeted approaches, highlight opportunities limitations, outline challenges for future sciences.

Language: Английский

Citations

3
Incomplete mass closure in atmospheric nanoparticle growth DOI Creative Commons
Dominik Stolzenburg, Nina Sarnela, Federico Bianchi

et al.

npj Climate and Atmospheric Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Feb. 26, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Resolving the overlooked photochemical nitrophenol transformation mechanism induced by nonradical species under visible light DOI Creative Commons
Shujun Liu, Hong Wang,

Zehui Hu

et al.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(30)

Published: July 17, 2024

Nitrophenols present on the surface of particulates are ubiquitous in atmosphere. However, its atmospheric photochemical transformation pathway remains unknown, for which crucial effect visible light is largely overlooked, resulting an incomplete understanding effects nitrophenols environment. This study delves into photolysis mechanism 4-nitrophenol (4NP), one most abundant nitrophenol compounds, photoactive under irradiation. Unexpectedly, nonradical species (singlet oxygen,

Language: Английский

Citations

3
A kinetic partitioning method for simulating the condensation mass flux of organic vapors in a wide volatility range DOI
Yuyang Li, Runlong Cai, Rujing Yin

et al.

Journal of Aerosol Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 180, P. 106400 - 106400

Published: May 18, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Reduced particle composition dependence in condensation particle counters DOI Creative Commons
Peter Josef Wlasits, Joonas Enroth,

Joonas Vanhanen

et al.

Aerosol Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 199 - 206

Published: June 24, 2024

Abstract. Modern condensation particle counters (CPCs) are indispensable instruments for studies of aerosols in all measurement environments. Relying on heterogeneous nucleation as the basic principle, composition dependence activation is a source profound uncertainty accurate assessment new formation (NPF) events. While development efforts successfully pushed down minimum detectable sizes recent years, composition-dependent counting efficiencies have remained to be persisting issue aerosol research. Addressing this pressing problem, we present calibrations newly developed CPC, Airmodus A30 (Airmodus Ltd., Helsinki, Finland), that uses non-hazardous propylene glycol working fluid. Our results conclusively demonstrate detection can reduced brink disappearance by choice fluid and corresponding high supersaturation. Counting were determined set size-selected chemically diverse seed particles, measured 50 % cutoff diameters compared previous studies. Using computational dynamics simulations, show appears decrease with increasing saturation ratios achieved inside CPC. Hence, our study assists future CPCs elucidates potential mechanism reduce uncertainties arising from efficiencies.

Language: Английский

Citations

2