Large Language Models for Pediatric Differential Diagnoses in Rural Health Care: Multicenter Retrospective Cohort Study Comparing GPT-3 With Pediatrician Performance

JMIRx Med, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. e65263 - e65263

Published: March 19, 2025

Rural health care providers face unique challenges such as limited specialist access and high patient volumes, making accurate diagnostic support tools essential. Large language models like GPT-3 have demonstrated potential in clinical decision but remain understudied pediatric differential diagnosis. This study aims to evaluate the accuracy reliability of a fine-tuned model compared board-certified pediatricians rural settings. multicenter retrospective cohort analyzed 500 encounters (ages 0-18 years; n=261, 52.2% female) from organizations Central Louisiana between January 2020 December 2021. The (DaVinci version) was using OpenAI application programming interface trained on 350 encounters, with 150 reserved for testing. Five (mean experience: 12, SD 5.8 years) provided reference standard diagnoses. Model performance assessed accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, subgroup analyses. achieved an 87.3% (131/150 cases), sensitivity 85% (95% CI 82%-88%), specificity 90% 87%-93%), comparable pediatricians' 91.3% (137/150 cases; P=.47). Performance consistent across age groups (0-5 years: 54/62, 87%; 6-12 47/53, 89%; 13-18 30/35, 86%) common complaints (fever: 36/39, 92%; abdominal pain: 20/23, 87%). For rare diagnoses (n=20), slightly lower (16/20, 80%) (17/20, 85%; P=.62). demonstrates that can provide pediatricians, particularly presentations, care. Further validation diverse populations is necessary before implementation.

Language: Английский

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A SURVEY ON ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE

IARJSET, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: June 30, 2024

Globally, healthcare systems are integrating artificial intelligence (AI) more and more, with the potential to significantly improve patient care, clinical decision-making, operational efficiency.This abstract examines how AI is revolutionizing healthcare, emphasizing its main uses difficulties.Diagnostic imaging: Artificial algorithms precision speed of medical image analysis, assisting in early identification diagnosis illnesses like cancer heart problems.Personalized medicine: Using data, AI-powered predictive create customized treatment regimens that maximize results based on each patient's unique genetic, lifestyle, history characteristics.AI technologies facilitate remote monitoring, real-time health tracking, virtual consultations, hence increasing access services enhancing care continuity.Drug Development Discovery: massive dataset analysis up drug discovery.

Language: Английский

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Policy and Regulatory Challenges in Implementing Beyond 5G and 6G Networks in Rural India

Advances in wireless technologies and telecommunication book series, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 59 - 88

Published: Dec. 27, 2024

The development of beyond 5G and 6G communication systems is revolutionizing connectivity, with a focus on connecting the unconnected enhancing rural access to services, particularly in healthcare. India's government heavily investing R&D, organizations like TSDSI working develop India-specific standards. This chapter analyzes current policy regulatory environment, identifies barriers implementing areas, examines impact these networks health public health. A critical objective study case law Juhi Chawla v. Science Engineering Research Board assess implications India globally.

Language: Английский

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