Are conductivity sensors useless for irrigators? Exploring measurement consistency around soil moisture thresholds relevant to different applications DOI Open Access
Muhammad Rasool Al‐Kilani, Qasem Abdelal,

Ghaith Al‐Shishani

et al.

Irrigation and Drainage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Abstract The cheap conductivity‐based sensors favoured by farmers for soil moisture monitoring remain largely ignored researchers because of their low accuracy, which results in high uncertainty regarding utility irrigators. In this work, conductivity measurements were compared with dielectric permittivity ranges relevant to different applications. showed that the captured variability well ( R 2 > 0.8) throughout full range tested (0%–35%), is consistent literature. Conductivity consistently distinguished dry from wet conditions p < 0.0001) and reflected lower 0.5) but not higher (>20%). This problematic important thresholds such as field capacity saturation are upper ranges. found lack any meaningful most applications except those distinguishing indicating lower‐range patterns, arid environments. gives some merit considering very cost if corrosion minimised. described evaluation approach suggested an example developers, labs extension services better communicate potential sensor utilities restrictions practitioners improve accessibility decision support technologies.

Language: Английский

A Faraday-FAO56 approach for optimizing circular reuse of urban wastewater and scrap metal in crop irrigation by electrocoagulation DOI Creative Commons
Muhammad Rasool Al‐Kilani, Qasem Abdelal, Khalid Bani‐Melhem

et al.

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 25, 2025

Abstract Wastewater treatment by electrocoagulation (EC) using waste-derived electrodes is an emerging and promising solution for closing resource loops at urban-irrigated intersections. However, there a knowledge gap in integrating crop water dynamics into this application. This article presents framework to integrate agrometeorological analysis (FAO56 model) waste information energy electrochemical models (Faraday’s laws of dissolution). The model was parameterized study site comprising large institution surrounded irrigated trees. On-site experiments showed that dosages aluminum (Al) iron (Fe) scrap, as low 0.2–0.6 g/m3, achieved significant removals (75–94%) COD, BOD, TSS, turbidity, met irrigation standards. Onsite metal generation (593 kg/month) could accommodate ~ 98,000 m2 surrounding lands. Crop production capacities scrap metals (food per scrap) were estimated reach 23.3 kg/kg, specifically Al scrap. Energy demand be maintained steady 0.58 kWh/m³ dynamics, allowing flexible renewable integration. Validation components revealed estimating comprised larger uncertainty than modeling electrode consumption. reuse shows potential WEFE nexus application but raises some socioeconomic concerns such impacts on scavengers’ livelihoods. Pilot-scale wider assessments are strongly encouraged gain improved insights.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Are conductivity sensors useless for irrigators? Exploring measurement consistency around soil moisture thresholds relevant to different applications DOI Open Access
Muhammad Rasool Al‐Kilani, Qasem Abdelal,

Ghaith Al‐Shishani

et al.

Irrigation and Drainage, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 2, 2024

Abstract The cheap conductivity‐based sensors favoured by farmers for soil moisture monitoring remain largely ignored researchers because of their low accuracy, which results in high uncertainty regarding utility irrigators. In this work, conductivity measurements were compared with dielectric permittivity ranges relevant to different applications. showed that the captured variability well ( R 2 > 0.8) throughout full range tested (0%–35%), is consistent literature. Conductivity consistently distinguished dry from wet conditions p < 0.0001) and reflected lower 0.5) but not higher (>20%). This problematic important thresholds such as field capacity saturation are upper ranges. found lack any meaningful most applications except those distinguishing indicating lower‐range patterns, arid environments. gives some merit considering very cost if corrosion minimised. described evaluation approach suggested an example developers, labs extension services better communicate potential sensor utilities restrictions practitioners improve accessibility decision support technologies.

Language: Английский

Citations

1