Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
16(1), P. 7 - 18
Published: Sept. 7, 2021
Background:
In
this
work,
we
developed
glucose
forecasting
algorithms
trained
and
evaluated
on
a
large
dataset
of
free-living
people
with
type
1
diabetes
(T1D)
using
closed-loop
(CL)
sensor-augmented
pump
(SAP)
therapies;
demonstrate
how
variability
impacts
accuracy.
We
introduce
the
impact
index
(GVII)
prediction
consistency
(GPCI)
to
assess
accuracy
algorithms.
Methods:
A
long-short-term-memory
(LSTM)
neural
network
was
designed
predict
up
60
minutes
in
future
continuous
measurements
insulin
data
collected
from
175
T1D
(41,318
days)
75
(11,333
Tidepool
Big
Data
Donation
Dataset.
LSTM
compared
two
naïve
as
well
Ridge
linear
regression
random
forest
root-mean-square
error
(RMSE).
Parkes
grid
quantified
clinical
Regression
analysis
used
derive
GVII
GPCI.
Results:
The
had
highest
best
RMSE
for
CL
19.8
±
3.2
33.2
5.4
mg/dL
30-
60-minute
horizons,
respectively.
SAP
19.6
3.8
33.1
7.3
respectively;
99.6%
97.6%
predictions
were
within
zones
A+B
at
Glucose
strongly
correlated
(R≥0.64,
P
<
0.001);
GPCI
demonstrated
means
compare
across
datasets
different
variability.
Conclusions:
model
accurate
real-world
dataset.
should
be
considered
when
assessing
indices
such
Abstract
Diabetes
as
a
metabolic
illness
can
be
characterized
by
increased
amounts
of
blood
glucose.
This
abnormal
increase
lead
to
critical
detriment
the
other
organs
such
kidneys,
eyes,
heart,
nerves,
and
vessels.
Therefore,
its
prediction,
prognosis,
management
are
essential
prevent
harmful
effects
also
recommend
more
useful
treatments.
For
these
goals,
machine
learning
algorithms
have
found
considerable
attention
been
developed
successfully.
review
surveys
recently
proposed
(ML)
deep
(DL)
models
for
objectives
mentioned
earlier.
The
reported
results
disclose
that
ML
DL
promising
approaches
controlling
glucose
diabetes.
However,
they
should
improved
employed
in
large
datasets
affirm
their
applicability.
IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
70(1), P. 193 - 204
Published: July 1, 2022
The
availability
of
large
amounts
data
from
continuous
glucose
monitoring
(CGM),
together
with
the
latest
advances
in
deep
learning
techniques,
have
opened
door
to
a
new
paradigm
algorithm
design
for
personalized
blood
(BG)
prediction
type
1
diabetes
(T1D)
superior
performance.
However,
there
are
several
challenges
that
prevent
widespread
implementation
algorithms
actual
clinical
settings,
including
unclear
confidence
and
limited
training
T1D
subjects.
To
this
end,
we
propose
novel
framework,
Fast-adaptive
Confident
Neural
Network
(FCNN),
meet
these
challenges.
In
particular,
an
attention-based
recurrent
neural
network
is
used
learn
representations
CGM
input
forward
weighted
sum
hidden
states
evidential
output
layer,
aiming
compute
BG
predictions
theoretically
supported
model
confidence.
model-agnostic
meta-learning
employed
enable
fast
adaptation
subject
data.
proposed
framework
has
been
validated
on
three
datasets.
dataset
12
subjects
T1D,
FCNN
achieved
root
mean
square
error
18.64±2.60
mg/dL
31.07±3.62
30
60-minute
horizons,
respectively,
which
outperformed
all
considered
baseline
methods
significant
improvements.
These
results
indicate
viable
effective
approach
predicting
levels
T1D.
well-trained
models
can
be
implemented
smartphone
apps
improve
glycemic
control
by
enabling
proactive
actions
through
real-time
alerts.
IEEE Reviews in Biomedical Engineering,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
17, P. 19 - 41
Published: Nov. 9, 2023
Artificial
intelligence
and
machine
learning
are
transforming
many
fields
including
medicine.
In
diabetes,
robust
biosensing
technologies
automated
insulin
delivery
therapies
have
created
a
substantial
opportunity
to
improve
health.
While
the
number
of
manuscripts
addressing
topic
applying
diabetes
has
grown
in
recent
years,
there
been
lack
consistency
methods,
metrics,
data
used
train
evaluate
these
algorithms.
This
manuscript
provides
consensus
guidelines
for
practitioners
field
best
practice
recommended
approaches
warnings
about
pitfalls
avoid.
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
18(5), P. 1014 - 1026
Published: Aug. 19, 2024
Despite
abundant
evidence
demonstrating
the
benefits
of
continuous
glucose
monitoring
(CGM)
in
diabetes
management,
a
significant
proportion
people
using
this
technology
still
struggle
to
achieve
glycemic
targets.
To
address
challenge,
we
propose
Accu-Chek
Algorithms,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
15(9), P. 299 - 299
Published: Aug. 26, 2022
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
algorithms
can
provide
actionable
insights
for
clinical
decision-making
and
managing
chronic
diseases.
The
treatment
management
of
complex
diseases,
such
as
diabetes,
stands
to
benefit
from
novel
AI
analyzing
the
frequent
real-time
streaming
data
occasional
medical
diagnostics
laboratory
test
results
reported
in
electronic
health
records
(EHR).
Novel
are
needed
develop
trustworthy,
responsible,
reliable,
robust
techniques
that
handle
imperfect
imbalanced
EHRs
inconsistencies
or
discrepancies
with
free-living
self-reported
information.
challenges
applications
two
problems
healthcare
domain
were
explored
this
work.
First,
we
introduced
designed
be
fair
unbiased
while
accommodating
privacy
concerns
predicting
treatments
outcomes.
Then,
studied
innovative
approach
using
machine
learning
improve
automated
insulin
delivery
systems
through
information
wearable
devices
historical
identify
informative
trends
patterns
data.
Application
examples
diabetes
demonstrate
benefits
tools
informatics.
Heliyon,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
8(11), P. e11648 - e11648
Published: Nov. 1, 2022
Type
1
diabetes
(T1D)
is
one
of
the
world's
health
problems
with
a
prevalence
1.1
million
for
children
and
young
adults
under
age
20.
T1D
problem
characterized
by
autoimmunity
destruction
pancreatic
cells
that
produce
insulin.
The
available
treatment
to
maintain
blood
glucose
within
desired
normal
range.
To
meet
bolus
basal
requirements,
patients
may
receive
multiple
daily
injections
(MDI)
fast-acting
long-acting
insulin
once
or
twice
daily.
In
addition,
pumps
can
deliver
doses
day
without
causing
injection
discomfort
in
individuals
T1D.
have
also
monitored
their
levels
along
replacement
using
continuous
monitor
(CGM).
However,
this
CGM
has
some
drawbacks,
like
sensor
needs
be
replaced
after
being
inserted
skin
seven
days
calibrated
(for
CGMs).
treatments
monitoring
devices
mentioned
creating
lot
workloads
Therefore,
overcome
these
problems,
closed-loop
artificial
pancreas
(APD)
are
widely
used
manage
patients.
Closed-loop
APD
consists
sensor,
an
infusion
device,
control
algorithm.
This
study
reviews
progress
systems
from
perspective
device
properties,
uses,
testing
procedures,
regulations,
current
market
conditions.