Microplastic Shape, Polymer Type, and Concentration Affect Soil Properties and Plant Biomass

Frontiers in Plant Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Feb. 16, 2021

Microplastics may enter the soil in a wide range of shapes and polymers. However, little is known about effects that microplastics different shapes, polymers, concentration have on properties plant performance. To address this, we selected 12 representing (fibers, films, foams, fragments) mixed them each with at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4%. A phytometer (Daucus carota) grew pot during 4 weeks. Shoot, root mass, aggregation, microbial activity were measured. All increased biomass. Shoot mass by ∼27% fibers, ∼60% ∼45% ∼54% fragments, as fibers hold water for longer, films decrease bulk density, foams fragments can increase aeration macroporosity, which overall promote By contrast, all decreased aggregation ∼25% introduce fracture points into aggregates due to potential negative biota. The latter also explain with, example, polyethylene films. Our findings show shape, polymer type, are key when studying microplastic terrestrial systems.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in soils: A review of methods, occurrence, fate, transport, ecological and environmental risks

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 748, P. 141368 - 141368

Published: Aug. 6, 2020

Language: Английский

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Microplastics Increase Soil pH and Decrease Microbial Activities as a Function of Microplastic Shape, Polymer Type, and Exposure Time

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: June 23, 2021

Microplastic pollution is a topic of increasing concern, especially since this issue was first addressed in soils. Results have so far been variable terms effects, suggesting that there substantial context-dependency microplastic effects soil. To better define conditions may affect microplastic-related impacts, we here examined as function shape and polymer type, tested if on soil properties microbial activities change with incubation time. In our laboratory study, evaluated twelve different secondary microplastics representing four shapes: fibers, films, foams fragments; eight types: polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), polyethylene (PE), polyester (PES), terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene (PS), polyurethane (PU). We mixed the sandy (0.4% w/w) incubated at 25°C for 31 days. Then, collected samples 3rd, 11th, 31st day, measured pH, respiration enzyme (soil enzymatic activities). Our results showed could depending were altered Soil pH increased fragments overall decreased days then increased. PE affected by time, declining over Overall, acid phosphatase activity not or type. β-D-glucosidase foams, cellobiosidase films while N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase fibers fragments. Enzymatic fluctuated during except N-acetyl-β-glucosaminidase, which trend negatively correlated relationship less strong when added to study adds evidence research should embrace complexity diversity microplastics, highlighting role type influencing effects; additionally, show time also parameter consider, are dynamic even short term.

Language: Английский

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Effects of microplastics on the terrestrial environment: A critical review

Environmental Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 112734 - 112734

Published: Jan. 21, 2022

Language: Английский

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Systematical review of interactions between microplastics and microorganisms in the soil environment

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 418, P. 126288 - 126288

Published: June 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Interactions between microplastics and soil fauna: A critical review

Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 52(18), P. 3211 - 3243

Published: May 21, 2021

Microplastics (MPs) are emerging contaminants that cause diverse impacts on soil ecosystems. As integral members of food webs, fauna exert key ecological functions such as litter decomposition, nutrient cycling, and energy flow. MPs may damage their functions, posing health risks. Meanwhile, can act MPs. Hereby, we aim to summarize the interactions between fauna. This article first introduces source, occurrence characteristics in soils, then highlights fauna, particularly earthworms nematodes. negative growth, reproduction, lifespan, survival via toxicity mechanisms ingestion bioaccumulation, histopathological damage, oxidative stress, DNA genotoxicity, reproductive toxicity, neurotoxicity, metabolic disorders, gut microbiota dysbiosis. also interact with other produce combined In turn, contribute formation breakdown MPs, alter migration soil, even transfer accumulated higher trophic levels. Finally, given large knowledge gap regarding interaction several future research priorities recommended.

Language: Английский

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Long-Term Fertilization History Alters Effects of Microplastics on Soil Properties, Microbial Communities, and Functions in Diverse Farmland Ecosystem

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(8), P. 4658 - 4668

Published: March 23, 2021

Microplastics (MPs) pollution has caused a threat to soil ecosystem diversity and functioning globally. Recently, an increasing number of studies have reported effects MPs on ecosystems. However, these mainly focused bacterial communities few limited functional genes, which is why ecosystems are still not fully understood. Fertilization treatment often coinsides with exposure in practice. Here, we studied environmentally relevant concentration polyethylene properties, microbial communities, functions under different types fertilization history. Our results showed that 0.2% PE could affect pH, but this effect varied according type Long-term history alter fungal diverse farmland (P < 0.05). Soil more sensitive than exposure. greater impact the lower genes abundance increases pathogenic microorganisms. These findings provided integrated picture aid our understanding histories.

Language: Английский

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Effects of microplastics and drought on soil ecosystem functions and multifunctionality

Journal of Applied Ecology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 58(5), P. 988 - 996

Published: Jan. 19, 2021

Abstract Microplastics in soils have become an important threat for terrestrial systems as they may potentially alter the geochemical/biophysical soil environment and can interact with drought. As microplastics affect water content, this could exacerbate well‐known negative effects of drought on ecosystem functionality. Thus, functions including litter decomposition, aggregation or those related nutrient cycling be altered. Despite potential interaction, we know relatively little about how microplastics, under different conditions, multifunctionality. To address gap, performed experiment using grassland plant communities growing microcosms. Microplastic fibres (absent, present) conditions (well‐watered, drought) were applied a fully factorial design. At harvest, measured to (β‐glucosaminidase, β‐D‐cellobiosidase, phosphatase, β‐glucosidase enzymes), respiration, retention, pH, decomposition (water stable aggregates). provide these simultaneously, also assessed multifunctionality, index that encompasses array here. We found interaction between microplastic affected Drought had negatively by decreasing enzymatic activities up ~39%, while increased ~18%, pH ~4% retention ~70% diminishing leaching. impacted enzymes, respiration but importantly, direction depended status. That is, well‐watered decreased ~34% similar values irrespective presence, tended increase microplastics. Litter contrary pattern increasing ~6% percentage Synthesis applications . Single positively depending However, our results suggest cause multifunctionality magnitude strategies counteract new global change factor are necessary.

Language: Английский

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Micro(nano)plastics and terrestrial plants: Up-to-date knowledge on uptake, translocation, and phytotoxicity

Resources Conservation and Recycling, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 185, P. 106503 - 106503

Published: July 2, 2022

Language: Английский

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Biodegradation and disintegration of expanded polystyrene by land snails Achatina fulica

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 746, P. 141289 - 141289

Published: July 28, 2020

Language: Английский

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