The direct and indirect effects of extreme climate events on insects

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 769, P. 145161 - 145161

Published: Jan. 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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Early‐life food stress hits females harder than males in insects: A meta‐analysis of sex differences in environmental sensitivity

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 1419 - 1431

Published: May 10, 2023

Abstract Fitness consequences of early‐life environmental conditions are often sex‐specific, but corresponding evidence for invertebrates remains inconclusive. Here, we use meta‐analysis to evaluate sex‐specific sensitivity larval nutritional in insects. Using literature‐derived data 85 species with broad phylogenetic and ecological coverage, show that females generally more sensitive food stress than males. Stressful during development typically lead female‐biased mortality thus increasingly male‐biased sex ratios emerging adults. We further demonstrate the general trend higher can primarily be attributed their larger body size insects hence energy needs development. By contrast, there is no consistent sex‐biased sexually size‐monomorphic species. Drawing conclusions regarding dimorphism wait accumulation relevant data. Our results suggest leading elevated juvenile may potentially affect performance insect populations by reducing proportion among individuals reaching reproductive age. Accounting therefore essential understanding dynamics demography populations, not least importantly context ongoing declines.

Language: Английский

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How will climatic warming affect insect pollinators?

Advances in insect physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 115

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Demography and environment modulate the effects of genetic diversity on extinction risk in a butterfly metapopulation

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(33)

Published: Aug. 8, 2024

Linking genetic diversity to extinction is a common goal in genomic studies. Recently, debate has arisen regarding the importance of variation conservation as some studies have failed find associations between genome-wide and risk. However, only rarely are fitness measured together wild, typically demographic history environment ignored. It therefore difficult infer whether lack an association real or obscured by confounding factors. To address these shortcomings, we analyzed data from 7,501 individuals with 279 meadows mortality 1,742 larval nests butterfly metapopulation. We found strong negative when considering heterozygosity models. this disappeared accounting for ecological covariates, suggesting demography genetics more complex role Modeling interactions variables revealed that were context-dependent. For example, declined increasing large, but not currently small populations, although heterozygosity, extinction, detected populations recent decline. conclude low important predictor predicting >25% increase beyond factors certain contexts. These results highlight inferences about population viability should rely on alone require investments obtaining environmental natural populations.

Language: Английский

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The effect of summer drought on the predictability of local extinctions in a butterfly metapopulation

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 34(6), P. 1503 - 1511

Published: April 16, 2020

The ecological impacts of extreme climatic events on population dynamics and community composition are profound predominantly negative. Using extensive data an model system, we tested whether predictions from models remain robust when environmental conditions outside the bounds observation. We observed a 10-fold demographic decline Glanville fritillary butterfly (Melitaea cinxia) metapopulation Åland islands, Finland in summer 2018 used satellite to demonstrate that this year was anomaly with low water balance values vegetation productivity indices across Åland. Population growth rates were strongly associated spatiotemporal variation balance. Covariates shown previously affect extinction probability local populations less informative exposed severe drought during months. Our results highlight unpredictable responses natural events.El Efecto de la Sequía Estival sobre Previsibilidad las Extinciones Locales en una Metapoblación Mariposas Resumen Los impactos ecológicos los eventos climáticos extremos dinámicas metapoblacionales y composición comunidad son profundos predominantemente negativos. Con extensos datos un sistema modelos probamos si predicciones todavía sólidos cuando condiciones ambientales se encuentran fuera límites observación. Observamos declinación demográfica ocurrir diez veces metapoblación mariposa Melitaea cinxia Islas Aland Finlandia durante el verano 2018. Usamos satelitales para demostrar que ese año fue anomalía al contar con valores bajos hídrico e índices productividad vegetación todas islas. Las tasas crecimiento poblacional estuvieron fuertemente asociadas variación espaciotemporal del climático. covarianzas previamente han afectado probabilidad extinción poblaciones locales esta fueron menos informativas expuestas sequías severas meses verano. Nuestros resultados resaltan respuestas impredecibles naturales ante extremos.极端气候事件会对种群动态和群落组成产生深远的生态影响, 且主要为负面影响。本研究利用生态模型系统的大量数据, 测试了在环境条件超出观测范围时, 生态模型的预测结果是否仍然稳健。我们观测到在 年夏天, 芬兰奥兰群岛的庆网蛱蝶 集合种群的种群数量下降了十倍, 同时气候和卫星数据表明奥兰群岛当年出现了气候异常, 气候水平衡值和植被生产力指数都很低。种群增长率与气候水平衡的时空变化密切相关。当种群面临夏季严重干旱时, 之前研究发现在这个集合种群中会影响当地种群灭绝概率的协变量不再能提供丰富信息。我们的研究结果强调了自然种群会对极端气候事件产生不可预测的响应。 【翻译: 胡怡思; 审校: 聂永刚】.

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Metabarcoding reveals massive species diversity of Diptera in a subtropical ecosystem

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Abstract Diptera is often considered to be the richest insect group due its great species diversity and broad ecological versatility. However, data on dipteran from subtropical ecosystems have hitherto been scarce, lack of studies conducted at an appropriate large scale. We investigated composition communities Tianmu Mountain, Zhejiang, China, using DNA metabarcoding technology, evaluated their dynamic responses effects slope aspect, season, altitudinal zone. A total 5,092 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were discovered tentatively assigned 72 families, including 2 family records new for China 30 locality. Cecidomyiidae, Sciaridae, Phoridae predominant representing 53.6% OTUs, while 52 families include >95% unidentified presumed undescribed species. found that community structure was significantly affected by seasonality (month) elevation, with richer harbored in north‐facing than south‐facing slopes, a more profound driver elevation. Overall, massive this ecosystem east China. The huge potentially only revealed now requires detailed study, as step toward evolutionary integration accumulates information species’ geographic ranges, traits, functional roles, interactions, thus places local context growing knowledge base global biodiversity response environmental change.

Language: Английский

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Multidimensional plasticity in the Glanville fritillary butterfly: larval performance is temperature, host and family specific

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 287(1941)

Published: Dec. 16, 2020

Variation in environmental conditions during development can lead to changes life-history traits with long-lasting effects. Here, we study how variation temperature and host plant (i.e. the consequences of potential maternal oviposition choices) affects a suite pre-diapause larvae Glanville fritillary butterfly. We focus on offspring survival, larval growth rates relative fat reserves, pay specific attention intraspecific responses (G × E E). Globally, thermal performance survival curves varied between diets two plants, suggesting that modifies impact, or vice versa. Additionally, show content has host-dependent, discontinuous response developmental temperature. This implies switch resource allocation, from more investment at lower temperatures storage higher temperatures, is dependent diet. Interestingly, large proportion variance explained by differences among families, interactions this variable. Finally, demonstrate these family-specific remain largely consistent across environments. Together, results our underscore importance paying trait field evolutionary ecology.

Language: Английский

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Seed fate, seedling establishment and the role of propagule size in forest regeneration under climate change conditions

Forest Ecology and Management, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 503, P. 119776 - 119776

Published: Oct. 21, 2021

Language: Английский

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A draft Diabrotica virgifera virgifera genome: insights into control and host plant adaption by a major maize pest insect

BMC Genomics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Adaptations by arthropod pests to host plant defenses of crops determine their impacts on agricultural production. The larval range western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), is restricted maize and a few grasses. Resistance D. v. crop rotation practices multiple insecticides contributes its status as the most damaging pest cultivated in North America Europe. extent which adaptations this specialization remains unknown.A 2.42 Gb draft genome, Dvir_v2.0, was assembled from short shotgun reads scaffolded using long-insert mate-pair, transcriptome linked read data. K-mer analysis predicted repeat content ≥ 61.5%. Ortholog assignments for Dvir_2.0 RefSeq models predict greater number species-specific gene duplications, including expansions ATP binding cassette transporter chemosensory families, than other Coleoptera. A majority annotated cytochrome P450s belong CYP4, 6, 9 clades. total 5,404 transcripts were differentially-expressed between larvae fed roots compared alternative (Miscanthus), marginal (Panicum virgatum), poor (Sorghum bicolor) starvation treatments; Among transcripts, 1,908 shared across treatments least Miscanthus maize. Differentially-expressed enriched putative spliceosome, proteosome, intracellular transport functions. General stress pathway functions unique among up-regulated host, responses primary (maize) alternate hosts.Manual annotation expansion paralogs with families putatively involved insecticide resistance perception. Our study also suggests that feeding an invoke fewer transcriptional changes or hosts. up-regulation response pathways may reflect nutrient deprivation. This provides insight into transcriptomic different plants resources genomic research economically significant

Language: Английский

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Microclimatic variability buffers butterfly populations against increased mortality caused by phenological asynchrony between larvae and their host plants

Oikos, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 130(5), P. 753 - 765

Published: Feb. 18, 2021

Climate change affects insects in several ways, including phenological shifts that may cause asynchrony between herbivore and their host plants. Insect larvae typically have limited movement capacity are consequently dependent on the microhabitat conditions of immediate surroundings. Based intensive field monitoring over two springs larger‐scale metapopulation‐level survey same years, we used Bayesian spatial regression modelling to study effects weather microclimatic development survival post‐diapause Glanville fritillary butterfly Melitaea cinxia its northern range edge. Moreover, assessed whether observed variation growth a spring characterized by exceptionally warm early season translated into population dynamic metapopulation scale. While similar enhanced larval rate spring, affected contrastingly due plants microclimates supported fastest growth. In warmest microclimates, reached temperatures 20°C above ambient leading increased feeding, which was not more slowly growing At level, highest local populations with heterogeneous microhabitats. We demonstrate how caused Choice microhabitats for oviposition is adaptive under predominant conditions, but it become maladaptive if rise. Such lead breaking diapause earlier without equally advancing plant Microclimatic variability within among likely crucial buffering effect against climate many insects.

Language: Английский

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