The Evolutionary Ecology of Dormancy in Nature and in Cancer

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: July 15, 2021

Dormancy is an inactive period of organism’s life cycle that permits it to survive through phases unfavorable conditions in highly variable environments. not binary. There a continuum dormancy phenotypes represent some degree reduced metabolic activity (hypometabolism), feeding, and reproduction or proliferation. Similarly, normal cells cancer exhibit range states from quiescence long-term permit survival adverse environmental conditions. In contrast organismal dormancy, which entails reduction metabolism, (both cancer) primarily characterized by lack cell division. “Cancer dormancy” also describes state growth stagnation, could arise are necessarily hypometabolic non-proliferative. This inconsistent terminology leads confusion imprecision impedes progress interdisciplinary research between ecologists biologists. this paper, we draw parallels contrasts other ecosystems nature, discuss the potential for studies provide novel insights into evolutionary ecology dormancy.

Language: Английский

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Is a seasonally reduced growth potential a convergent strategy to survive drought and frost in plants?

Annals of Botany, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 131(2), P. 245 - 254

Published: Dec. 26, 2022

Abstract Background Plants have adapted to survive seasonal life-threatening frost and drought. However, the timing frequency of such events are impacted by climate change, jeopardizing plant survival. Understanding better strategies survival dehydration stress is therefore timely can be enhanced cross-fertilization research between disciplines (ecology, physiology), models (woody, herbaceous species) types (drought, frost). Scope We build upon ‘growth–stress survival’ trade-off, which underpins identification global across environments along a ‘fast–slow’ economics spectrum. Although phenological adaptations as dormancy crucial stress, fast–slow economic spectrum rarely integrate growth variations seasons. argue that growth–stress trade-off useful framework identify convergent ecophysiological both review evidence reduced physiological activity, embolism resistance tolerance meristematic tissues interdependent determine thresholds mortality among plants under severe show complete dormancy, i.e. programmed cessation, before occurrence, minimizes water flows maximizes during stresses. propose incomplete reduction potential harshest seasons, could an overlooked but major adaptation plants. Quantifying in range non-dormant versus winter- or summer-dormant plants, should reveal what extent represent proxy for Conclusions Our involved suggests winter summer insufficiently acknowledged ecological strategies. Incorporating into improves our understanding resilience refines prevision extreme climatic events.

Language: Английский

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Sex-Differences in Phenology: A Tinbergian Perspective

Integrative and Comparative Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 62(4), P. 980 - 997

Published: May 19, 2022

Synopsis Shifts in the timing of cyclic seasonal life-history events are among most commonly reported responses to climate change, with differences response rates interacting species leading phenological mismatches. Within a species, however, males and females can also exhibit differential sensitivity environmental cues may, therefore, differ their responsiveness potentially mismatches between sexes. This occurs because from when how energy is allocated reproduction, resulting marked sex-differences across annual cycle. In this review, we take Tinbergian perspective examine vertebrates adaptive, ontogenetic, mechanistic, phylogenetic viewpoints goal informing motivating more integrative research on sexually dimorphic phenologies. We argue that sexual natural selection lead understanding ecological evolutionary drivers these critical for connecting climate-driven shifts population resilience. Ontogeny may influence arise early-life environment profoundly affect developmental trajectory, reproductive maturation, timing. The molecular mechanisms underlying organismal traits relevant identifying diversity genetic basis population- species-level promisingly, phenology becoming increasingly well-understood. However, studies focus single sex, causes resilience often remain unclear. New sequencing tools analyses informed by phylogeny help generate hypotheses about mechanism as well insight into general “evolvability” scales, especially trait genome resources grow. recommend greater attention be placed determining monitoring change both sexes, discuss new provide key insights all four domains.

Language: Английский

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Seed Dormancy and Longevity: A Mutual Dependence or a Trade-Off?

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(8), P. 1029 - 1037

Published: May 20, 2022

Abstract Seed dormancy is an important agronomic trait in cereals and leguminous crops as low levels of seed during harvest season, coupled with high humidity, can cause preharvest sprouting. longevity another critical for commercial crop propagation production, directly influencing germination early seedling establishment. Both traits are precisely regulated by the integration genetic environmental cues. Despite significance these two relationship between them at molecular level still elusive, even contradictory conclusions being reported. Some studies have proposed a positive correlation association differences coat permeability or reserve accumulation, whereas increasing number highlighted negative relationship, largely respect to phytohormone-dependent pathways. In this review paper, we try provide some insights into interactions regulatory mechanisms cues, which result relationships longevity. Finally, conclude that further dissection mechanism responsible apparently needed.

Language: Английский

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Hypothalamic remodeling of thyroid hormone signaling during hibernation in the arctic ground squirrel

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: May 23, 2022

Abstract Hibernation involves prolonged intervals of profound metabolic suppression periodically interrupted by brief arousals to euthermy, the function which is unknown. Annual cycles in mammals are timed a photoperiodically-regulated thyroid-hormone-dependent mechanism hypothalamic tanycytes, driven thyrotropin (TSH) pars tuberalis (PT), regulates local TH-converting deiodinases and triggers remodeling neuroendocrine pathways. We demonstrate that over course hibernation continuous darkness, arctic ground squirrels ( Urocitellus parryii ) up-regulate retrograde TSH/Deiodinase/TH pathway, remodel activate reproductive axis. Forcing premature termination warming animals induced deiodinase expression accumulation secretory granules PT thyrotrophs pituitary gonadotrophs, but did not further suggest periodic may allow for transient activation thyroid hormone signaling, cellular remodeling, re-programming brain circuits preparation short Arctic summer.

Language: Английский

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