Heat Stress and Plant–Biotic Interactions: Advances and Perspectives

Plants, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 2022 - 2022

Published: July 23, 2024

Climate change presents numerous challenges for agriculture, including frequent events of plant abiotic stresses such as elevated temperatures that lead to heat stress (HS). As the primary driving factor climate change, HS threatens global food security and biodiversity. In recent years, have negatively impacted physiology, reducing plant's ability maintain disease resistance resulting in lower crop yields. Plants must adapt their priorities toward defense mechanisms tolerate challenging environments. Furthermore, selective breeding long-term domestication higher yields made varieties vulnerable multiple stressors, making them more susceptible events. Studies on predict concurrent biotic will become severe future, potentially occurring simultaneously or sequentially. While most studies focused singular effects systems examine how plants respond specific stresses, simultaneous occurrence pose a growing threat agricultural productivity. Few explored interactions between plant-biotic interactions. Here, we aim shed light physiological molecular (bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, nematodes, insect pests, pollinators, weedy species, parasitic plants), well combined impact growth We also advances designing developing various strategies address multi-stress scenarios related factors.

Language: Английский

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Bees display limited acclimation capacity for heat tolerance

Biology Open, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

ABSTRACT Bees are essential pollinators and understanding their ability to cope with extreme temperature changes is crucial for predicting resilience climate change, but studies limited. We measured the response of critical thermal maximum (CTMax) short-term acclimation in foragers six bee species from Greek island Lesvos, which differ body size, nesting habit, level sociality. calculated ratio as a metric assess capacity tested whether bees’ was influenced by size and/or CTMax. also assessed CTMax increases following acute heat exposure simulating wave. Average estimate varied among increased did not significantly shift treatment except sweat Lasioglossum malachurum. Acclimation averaged 9% it associated or Similarly, average increase exposure. These results indicate that bees might have limited enhance tolerance via prior exposure, rendering them physiologically sensitive rapid during weather events. findings reinforce idea insects, like other ectotherms, generally express weak plasticity CTMax, underscoring role behavioral thermoregulation avoidance temperatures. Conserving restoring native vegetation can provide temporary refuges

Language: Английский

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Effects of a temperate heatwave on diel rhythms of insect activity: a comparison across habitats

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

ABSTRACT The increasing frequency and intensity of heatwave events in temperate climates threatens to alter behavioural rhythms ectothermic animals, such as insects. However, it is poorly understood how heatwaves affect daily activity patterns insects, whether shaded microclimates can moderate these responses. We investigated impacts a on the diel profile insect activity, comparing effects across open, tree-covered hedged habitats. Using yellow pan traps, was monitored from 07:00 19:00 ten non-consecutive days, including two during heatwave. Insect counts exhibited unimodal relationship with temperature. During open habitat significant (∼81.9%) reduction compared ‘non-heatwave’ field-days, one before after Smaller, non-significant reductions were observed (38.3%) (17.8%) non-heatwave days approximated relationship, GLMM-estimated peaking around 15:00; by contrast, bimodal profile, predicted highest morning evening. Such heatwave-induced deformations patterns, modelled interactions between time-of-day, all three types. findings suggest that markedly decrease levels, whilst shade-providing vegetational features may reduce this effect, are affected landscape-wide. As become more frequent, preservation trees hedges landscapes likely crucial support resilience wider ecosystem functioning.

Language: Английский

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How will climatic warming affect insect pollinators?

Advances in insect physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 115

Published: Jan. 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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Heatwaves increase larval mortality and delay development of a solitary bee

Ecological Entomology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 49(3), P. 433 - 444

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Abstract Heatwaves are expected to increase in frequency, intensity and duration due climate change. For organisms like insects with discrete development, sensitivity may differ among life stages. Thermal is of particular concern for species bees that provide critical ecosystem services. Although social moderate nest temperatures through worker behaviour, solitary do not thermoregulate their nests, making immobile developing offspring especially vulnerable such extreme events. We studied the effects heatwaves on larval development bee, Osmia lignaria , an important orchard pollinator model bee biology. used a factorial design assess impacts heatwave temperature mortality rate. Larvae were exposed under realistic diel regimes, daytime maxima 31 or 37°C 4 7 days at beginning development. Heatwave strongly affected mortality. Exposure increased by 130%, but cooler 31°C did significantly impact Larval time also was exposure. Compared no‐heatwave‐control, developed faster, slower. Our study reveals importance stage‐specific events suggests timing maximum projected be more detrimental populations than duration.

Language: Английский

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Predicting plant–pollinator interactions: concepts, methods, and challenges

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 39(5), P. 494 - 505

Published: Jan. 22, 2024

Language: Английский

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Handling heatwaves: balancing thermoregulation, foraging and bumblebee colony success

Conservation Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Climate changes pose risks for bumblebee populations, which have declined relative to the growing frequency and severity of warmer temperature extremes. Bumblebees might mitigate effects such extreme weather through colonial behaviours. In particular, fanning behaviour dissipate heat is an important mechanism that could reduce exposure thermally sensitive offspring detrimental nest temperatures (Tn). The allocation workers towards over prolonged periods impact foraging activity essential colony-sustaining resource gathering. Colony maintenance growth suffer as a result nutritional high ambient (Ta) thermal stress. It remains uncertain whether compromise occurs between thermoregulation under chronic, sublethal events how colony success impacted result. This study held colonies Bombus impatiens at constant Ta (25°C, 30°C or 35°C) 2 weeks while quantifying percentage foragers, incidence, (Tn) other metrics adult emergence production. We found were not significantly affected by Ta, but was unsuccessful maintaining Tn despite increased 35°C. Furthermore, 35°C resulted in abandoning fewer being produced. Our findings imply heatwave exceed can negatively failed reduced workforce

Language: Английский

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Extreme heat exposure of host plants indirectly reduces solitary bee fecundity and survival

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2025)

Published: June 1, 2024

Extreme heat poses a major threat to plants and pollinators, yet the indirect consequences of stress are not well understood, particularly for native solitary bees. To determine how brief exposure extreme flowering affects bee behaviour, fecundity, development survival we conducted no-choice field cage experiment in which Osmia lignaria were provided blueberry ( Vaccinium corymbosum ), phacelia Phacelia tanacetifolia ) white clover Trifolium repens that had been previously exposed either (37.5°C) or normal temperatures (25°C) 4 h during early bloom. Despite similar number open flowers floral visitation frequency between two treatments, female bees with heat-stressed laid approximately 70% fewer eggs than females non-stressed plants. Their progeny received quantities pollen provisions larvae consuming from significantly lower as adults. We also observed trends delayed emergence reduced adult longevity when consumed pollen. This study is first document short, field-realistic bursts host can indirectly affect pollinators their offspring, important implications crop pollination populations.

Language: Английский

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An insight into heat stress response and adaptive mechanism in cotton

Journal of Plant Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 302, P. 154324 - 154324

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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The heat is on: reduced detection of floral scents after heatwaves in bumblebees

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2029)

Published: Aug. 1, 2024

Global climate change disrupts key ecological processes and biotic interactions. The recent increase in heatwave frequency severity prompts the evaluation of physiological that ensure maintenance vital ecosystem services such as pollination. We used experimental heatwaves to determine how high temperatures affect bumblebees’ ability detect floral scents. Heatwaves induced strong reductions antennal responses scents both tested bumblebee species ( Bombus terrestris pascuorum ). These were generally stronger workers than males. Bumblebees showed no consistent pattern recovery 24 h after heat events. Our results suggest projected increased may jeopardize bumblebee-mediated pollination by disrupting chemical communication between plants pollinators. reduced chemosensitivity can decrease abilities locate food sources lead declines colonies populations.

Language: Английский

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