Predicting resilience of migratory birds to environmental change

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 121(19)

Published: April 22, 2024

The pace and scale of environmental change represent major challenges to many organisms. Animals that move long distances, such as migratory birds, are especially vulnerable since they need chains intact habitat along their routes. Estimating the resilience species changes assists in targeting conservation efforts. We developed a migration modeling framework predict past (1960s), present (2010s), future (2060s) optimal strategies across five shorebird (Scolopacidae) within East Asian-Australasian Flyway, which has seen deterioration loss over last century, compared these predictions empirical tracks from present. Our model captured identified migrations needed respond climate change. Notably, larger species, with single or few stopover sites, establish new routes strategies, while smaller can buffer by redistributing areas novel less-used sites. Comparing also indicates stronger for adaptations continue migrate closer past, before accelerated. study not only quantifies vulnerability face global but explicitly reveals extent required sustain migrations. This provides tool planning accommodate needs species.

Language: Английский

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An annual cycle perspective on energetics and locomotion of migratory animals

Journal of Experimental Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 228(Suppl_1)

Published: Feb. 15, 2025

ABSTRACT Animal migrations, or long-distance movements, on land, through water in the air, are considered energetically costly because of investment persistent locomotion typical for migration. Diverse strategies exist to manage these energetic costs. Yet migration is only one stage an annual cycle and may not be most costly. To better understand how free-ranging animals adaptively organize energy expenditure locomotion, perspective needed. Bio-logging data collected a range animal species could facilitate life approach study expenditure. We provide examples from several studies across different taxa, as well more in-depth exploration our own recent research time activity budgets based field observations bio-logging estimate daily migratory seabird throughout year. Our has shown that highest (1.7× average expenditure) during spring gulls, whereas short-distance migrants expend (1.4× breeding season. Based provided, we show bio-energetic models create exciting opportunities energetics behaviour animals, although limitations also still exist. Such can reveal when, where why peaks lulls arise over migrant, if movements indeed expensive adapt fluctuating demands their natural environment

Language: Английский

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Migratory Birds Advance Spring Arrival and Egg‐Laying in the Arctic, Mostly by Travelling Faster

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(4)

Published: April 1, 2025

ABSTRACT In the current warming climate, many organisms in seasonal environments advance their timing of reproduction to benefit from resource peaks earlier spring. For migrants, potential may be constrained by migration strategies, notably ability arrival at breeding grounds. Recent studies show various changes including wintering closer grounds, departure grounds or faster travels spending less time stopover sites. However, whether such lead remains an open question. We studied and 12 populations nine migratory birds, seabirds, shorebirds, birds prey waterfowl Arctic sites bordering Greenland Barents Sea, a region undergoing rapid climate warming. The was derived tracking field data analysed study (1) how has changed response changing moment snowmelt (2) what adjustments strategies this involved. found that years with early snowmelt, egg‐laying multiple advanced, but only two also advanced Arctic. contrast, generally time, even when dates did not advance. Earlier mostly explained traveling faster, likely Inability forecast conditions limit adjust annually varying we several species, particularly waterfowl, are able travel over years. question reflects adaptations change other factors, for example, environmental along route.

Language: Английский

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Variation in movement strategies: Capital versus income migration

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 91(10), P. 1961 - 1974

Published: Aug. 13, 2022

Animal migrations represent the regular movements of trillions individuals. The scale these has inspired human intrigue for millennia and been intensively studied by biologists. This research highlighted diversity migratory strategies seen across within taxa: while some migrants temporarily express phenotypes dedicated to travel, others show little or no phenotypic flexibility in association with migration. However, a vocabulary describing contrasting solutions performance trade-offs inherent highly dynamic lifestyle (and intermediate between two extremes) is currently missing. We propose taxon-independent organising framework based on energetics, distinguishing that forage as they travel (income migrants) those fuel migration using energy acquired before departure (capital migrants). Not only does our capital:income continuum energetics account variable extent migrant populations, but it also aligns theoreticians' treatment clarifies how impacts other phases life cycle. As such, provides unifying common vacabulary comparing divergent taxa.

Language: Английский

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Migrating mule deer compensate en route for phenological mismatches

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: April 10, 2023

Billions of animals migrate to track seasonal pulses in resources. Optimally timing migration is a key strategy, yet the ability compensate for phenological mismatches en route largely unknown. Using GPS movement data collected from 72 adult female deer over 10-year duration, we study population mule (Odocoileus hemionus) Wyoming that lack reliable cues on their desert winter range, causing them start 70 days ahead 52 behind wave spring green-up. We show individual arrive at summer range within an average 6-day window by adjusting speed and stopover use. Late migrants move 2.5 times faster spend 72% less time stopovers than early migrants, which allows catch green wave. Our findings suggest ungulates, potentially other migratory species, possess cognitive abilities recognize where they are space relative Such behavioral capacity may allow taxa maintain foraging benefits amid rapidly changing phenology.

Language: Английский

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Prioritizing global conservation of migratory birds over their migration network

One Earth, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(10), P. 1340 - 1349

Published: Sept. 12, 2023

Halting and reversing biodiversity loss is a grand challenge in the Anthropocene, which suggests an urgent need to effectively protect key areas that support species sustainability. However, large knowledge gaps exist determining those for migratory extent they are protected, albeit with essential indispensable functions perform conservation. Here, we used over 390 million community-contributed bird observations derive order-specific, spatially explicit estimates of annual migration networks 26 orders across world. We found 35% overall 343 important sites strongly connect network cycle global birds uncovered by protected areas. This leads nearly 87% 1,862 being at risk. Migratory benefit more from considering various levels site importance safeguard integrity, conservation efforts countries.

Language: Английский

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Linking microbiome temporal dynamics to host ecology in the wild

Trends in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 32(11), P. 1060 - 1071

Published: May 25, 2024

Ignoring the dynamic nature of microbial communities risks underestimating power microbes to impact health their hosts. Microbiomes are thought be important for host fitness, yet coarse temporal scale and population-level focus many studies precludes ability investigate importance among-individual variation in stability identify ecological contexts which this matters. Here we briefly summarise current knowledge dynamics wild host-associated communities. We then discuss implications microbiota suggest analytical approaches understanding these patterns. One major requirement is future conduct individual-level longitudinal analyses, with some systems already well set up answering questions.

Language: Английский

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Distance doesn't matter: migration strategy in a seabird has no effect on survival or reproduction

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 290(1997)

Published: April 18, 2023

Migrating animals show remarkable diversity in migration strategies, even between individuals from the same population. longer distances is usually expected to be costlier terms of time, energy expenditure and risks with potential repercussions for subsequent stages within annual cycle. Such costs are balanced by increased survival, example due higher quality wintering areas or lower at latitudes. We compared reproductive parameters apparent survival lesser black-backed gulls (

Language: Английский

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Seasonal patterns and processes of migration in a long-distance migratory bird: energy or time minimization?

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291(2024)

Published: June 1, 2024

Optimal migration theory prescribes adaptive strategies of energy, time or mortality minimization. To test alternative hypotheses energy- and time-minimization we used multisensory data loggers that record time-resolved flight activity light for positioning by geolocation in a long-distance migratory shorebird, the little ringed plover,

Language: Английский

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Sex-specific variation in breeding-ground departure decisions and detection rates during southbound migration in West Atlantic Flyway Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus)

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Feb. 25, 2025

Understanding movement ecology of long-distance migrants is essential for effective conservation. We showed that West Atlantic Flyway Whimbrels (Numenius phaeopus) depart their breeding grounds at different times based on latitude, sex, and nest fate. Whimbrel may exhibit sex-specific preferences in migration, with males favoring oceanic routes, or molt strategies, losing glued-on tags earlier than females. radio-tracked 45 birds from two study sites 710 km apart, 30 detected after departure. The northern population departed significantly later the southern population. Successful north tended to other groups. Detection probability declined time departure, were less likely be Seven females, but no males, one location more 1 day. Birds Maritime Provinces not farther south, while all south along Western coast. This suggests Maritimes continue overwater flights wintering areas. Our results are first suggest there migration strategies Whimbrel, implying need complex conservation actions.

Language: Английский

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