Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1511 - 1534

Published: June 25, 2020

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers invasive alien species – subset that spread widely areas where they not native, affecting environment or livelihoods increasing. Synergies with other changes exacerbating current facilitating new ones, thereby escalating extent impacts invaders. Invasions have complex often immense long‐term direct indirect impacts. In many cases, such become apparent problematic only when invaders well established large ranges. Invasive break down biogeographic realms, affect native richness abundance, increase risk extinction, genetic composition populations, change animal behaviour, alter phylogenetic diversity across communities, modify trophic networks. Many also ecosystem functioning delivery services by altering nutrient contaminant cycling, hydrology, habitat structure, disturbance regimes. These biodiversity accelerating will further future. Scientific evidence has identified policy strategies to reduce future invasions, but these insufficiently implemented. For some nations, notably Australia New Zealand, biosecurity national priority. There been successes, as eradication rats cats on islands biological control weeds continental areas. However, countries, receive little attention. Improved international cooperation is crucial biodiversity, services, livelihoods. Countries can strengthen their regulations implement enforce more effective management should address interact invasions.

Language: Английский

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A global-scale screening of non-native aquatic organisms to identify potentially invasive species under current and future climate conditions

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 788, P. 147868 - 147868

Published: May 20, 2021

The threat posed by invasive non-native species worldwide requires a global approach to identify which introduced are likely pose an elevated risk of impact native and ecosystems. To inform policy, stakeholders management decisions on threats aquatic ecosystems, 195 assessors representing 120 assessment areas across all six inhabited continents screened 819 from 15 groups organisms (freshwater, brackish, marine plants animals) using the Aquatic Species Invasiveness Screening Kit. This multi-lingual decision-support tool for screening provides with scores under current future climate change conditions that, following statistically based calibration, permits accurate classification into high-, medium- low-risk categories predicted conditions. 1730 screenings undertaken encompassed wide geographical (regions, political entities, parts thereof, water bodies, river basins, lake drainage regions), permitted thresholds be identified almost organismal as well tropical, temperate continental classes, tropical ecoregions. In total, 33 were posing 'very high risk' being or becoming invasive, several these increased conditions, primarily due their thermal tolerances. determined taxonomic zones provide basis against area-specific climate-based calibrated may interpreted. turn, rankings help decision-makers require immediate 'rapid' action (e.g. eradication, control) avoid mitigate adverse impacts, full assessment, restricted banned regard importation and/or sale ornamental aquarium/fishery enhancement.

Language: Английский

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Different facets of the same niche: Integrating citizen science and scientific survey data to predict biological invasion risk under multiple global change drivers

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(19), P. 5509 - 5523

Published: Aug. 7, 2023

Abstract Citizen science initiatives have been increasingly used by researchers as a source of occurrence data to model the distribution alien species. Since citizen presence‐only suffer from some fundamental issues, efforts made combine these with those provided scientifically structured surveys. Surprisingly, only few studies proposing integration evaluated contribution this process effective sampling species' environmental niches and, consequently, its effect on predictions new time intervals. We relied niche overlap analyses, machine learning classification algorithms and ecological models compare ability scientific surveys, along their integration, in capturing realized 13 invasive species Italy. Moreover, we assessed differences current future invasion risk predicted each set under multiple global change scenarios. showed that surveys captured similar though highlighting exclusive portions associated clearly identifiable conditions. In terrestrial species, granted highest gain space pooled niches, determining an increased biological risk. A aquatic modelled at regional scale reported net loss compared survey suggesting may also lead contraction niches. For lower These findings indicate represent valuable predicting spread especially within national‐scale programmes. At same time, collected poorly known scientists, or strictly local contexts, strongly affect quantification taxa prediction

Language: Английский

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Taming the terminological tempest in invasion science

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(4), P. 1357 - 1390

Published: March 18, 2024

ABSTRACT Standardised terminology in science is important for clarity of interpretation and communication. In invasion – a dynamic rapidly evolving discipline the proliferation technical has lacked standardised framework its development. The result convoluted inconsistent usage terminology, with various discrepancies descriptions damage interventions. A therefore needed clear, universally applicable, consistent to promote more effective communication across researchers, stakeholders, policymakers. Inconsistencies stem from exponential increase scientific publications on patterns processes biological invasions authored by experts disciplines countries since 1990s, as well legislators policymakers focusing practical applications, regulations, management resources. Aligning standardising stakeholders remains challenge science. Here, we review evaluate multiple terms used (e.g. ‘non‐native’, ‘alien’, ‘invasive’ or ‘invader’, ‘exotic’, ‘non‐indigenous’, ‘naturalised’, ‘pest’) propose simplified terminology. streamlined translate into 28 other languages based ( i ) denoting species transported beyond their natural biogeographic range, ii ‘established non‐native’, i.e. those non‐native that have established self‐sustaining populations new location(s) wild, iii ‘invasive non‐native’ recently spread are spreading invaded range actively passively without human mediation. We also highlight importance conceptualising ‘spread’ classifying invasiveness ‘impact’ management. Finally, protocol dispersal mechanism, origin, population status, iv impact. Collectively introducing present aims facilitate collaboration species.

Language: Английский

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Preventing and controlling nonnative species invasions to bend the curve of global freshwater biodiversity loss

Environmental Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 31(2), P. 310 - 326

Published: Jan. 11, 2023

The Emergency Recovery Plan for freshwater biodiversity recognizes that addressing nonnative species is one of six principal actions needed to bend the curve in loss. This because introduction rates continue accelerate globally and where these develop invasive populations, they can have severe impacts on biodiversity. most effective management measure protect prevent introductions species. Should a be introduced, however, then its early detection implementation rapid reaction measures avoid it establishing dispersing. If are unsuccessful becomes invasive, control containment minimize further spread impact. Minimizing impact includes methods reduce invader abundance such as screening invaded sites strict biosecurity dispersing neighbouring basins. These benefitted from developments invasion risk assessment prioritize according their and, already ensure commensurate with assessed risk. successful still requires overcoming some challenges, including often being symptom degraded habitats rather than main driver ecological change, eradication nonspecies specific. Given multiple anthropogenic stressors freshwaters, must work other restoration strategies if deliver

Language: Английский

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Biological invasions are a population‐level rather than a species‐level phenomenon

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Biological invasions pose a rapidly expanding threat to the persistence, functioning and service provisioning of ecosystems globally, socio-economic interests. The stages successful are driven by same mechanism that underlies adaptive changes across species in general-via natural selection on intraspecific variation traits influence survival reproductive performance (i.e., fitness). Surprisingly, however, rapid progress field invasion science has resulted predominance species-level approaches (such as deny lists), often irrespective theory, local adaptation other population-level processes govern invasions. To address these issues, we analyse non-native dynamics at population level employing database European freshwater macroinvertebrate time series, investigate spreading speed, abundance impact assessments among populations. Our findings reveal substantial variability speed trends within between biogeographic regions, indicating levels invasiveness differ markedly. Discrepancies inconsistencies risk screenings real data were also identified, highlighting inherent challenges accurately assessing effects through assessments. In recognition importance assessments, urge shift invasive management frameworks, which should account for different populations their environmental context. Adopting an adaptive, region-specific population-focused approach is imperative, considering diverse ecological contexts varying degrees susceptibility. Such could improve refine while promoting mechanistic understandings risks impacts, thereby enabling development more effective conservation strategies.

Language: Английский

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Risks posed by invasive species to the provision of ecosystem services in Europe

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: April 10, 2024

Invasive species significantly impact biodiversity and ecosystem services, yet understanding these effects at large spatial scales remains a challenge. Our study addresses this gap by assessing the current potential future risks posed 94 invasive to seven key services in Europe. We demonstrate widespread impacts, particularly on outdoor recreation, habitat maintenance, crop provisioning, soil nitrogen retention. Exposure was higher areas with lower provision of for regulating cultural services. also high where contributions retention were their highest. Notably, regions vital currently have low invasion suitability, but face an average 77% increase area. Here we show that, while high-value service highest risk represent small fraction Europe (0-13%), they are disproportionally important conservation. underscores importance monitoring protecting hotspots align management strategies international targets, considering both vulnerability sustainability.

Language: Английский

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Assessing the environmental impacts of invasive alien plants: a review of assessment approaches

NeoBiota, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 43, P. 69 - 99

Published: March 15, 2019

Assessing the impacts of alien plant species is a major task in invasion science and vitally important for supporting invasion-related policies. Since 1993, range assessment approaches have been developed to support decisions on introduction or management species. Here we review extent which assessments (27 approaches) appraised following: (i) different types environmental impacts, (ii) context dependence (iii) prospects successful management, (iv) transparency methods criteria, underlying values terminology. While nearly all covered effects, changes genetic diversity incorporation relevant impact parameters were less likely be included. Many considered by incorporating information about actual potential However, only few went further identified resources conservation concern might affected specific Only some acknowledged distinguishing negative from positive considering value resources. Several directly addressed feasibility whereas factors such as availability suitable rarely considered. Finally, disclosed, definitions value-laden controversial terms often lacking. We conclude that despite progress assessing manifold facets opportunities remain developing approaches. These can improve results their acceptance

Language: Английский

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A proposed unified framework to describe the management of biological invasions

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 22(9), P. 2633 - 2645

Published: June 30, 2020

Abstract Managing the impacts of invasive alien species (IAS) is a great societal challenge. A wide variety terms have been used to describe management and sequence in which they might be applied. This lack consistency creates uncertainty presentation description policy, science practice. Here we expand on existing invasion process develop an IAS framework. We define different forms active using novel approach based changes status, avoiding need for stand-alone descriptions types, provide complete set potential activities. propose standardised terminology as emergent feature this identified eight key management: (1) pathway management, (2) interception, (3) limits keeping, (4) secure (5) eradication, (6) reproductive removal, (7) containment (8) suppression. recognise four associated terms: prevention; captive management; rapid eradication; long-term note use impact mitigation restoration management. discuss wider framework supporting activities required ensure well-targeted, cost-effective makes best limited resources.

Language: Английский

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Growing Non-native Trees in European Forests Brings Benefits and Opportunities but Also Has Its Risks and Limits

Current Forestry Reports, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 6(4), P. 339 - 353

Published: Oct. 12, 2020

Abstract Purpose of Review Non-native tree species (NNT) raise a range different associations and emotions—to many citizens they are just an exotic curiosity in parks, to conservationists evil native ecosystems that should be eradicated, rising group foresters part the solution climate change increasing timber demand, others already daily forestry business. In this review, where we also summarise findings recent COST Action FP1403 (NNEXT) ‘Non-native for European forests: experiences, risks opportunities’, highlight opportunities challenges light change, ecological legislative limits growing non-native Europe. Recent Findings Few NNT Europe show invasive behaviour listed as prohibited or monitored. A larger number is utilised productive forest restoration due their superior growth, valuable properties good performance under harsh conditions. Current distribution, experiences with success failures environmental concerns differ profoundly across Europe, Western overall revealing higher shares showing stronger interest related stakeholder groups continue planting NNT. Summary Many more used than previously thought, but relatively few have major importance terms area, mainly western countries. Diversification, mixing avoidance invasion relation necessities new on agenda. contrast, provenance research has been going decades now provides important information adaptation. Despite limitations use either through legal restrictions certification considerably careful integration tested into future management planning shows high potential adaptation mitigation.

Language: Английский

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