Application of a biological trait‐based framework for plant species conservation assessments in ecological restoration

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The United Kingdom is one of the most nature‐depleted countries in world, with only 50% its native biodiversity remaining, leading to an overall decline U.K. ecosystems and genetic diversity. Genetic diversity essential for evolutionary processes, including drift, gene flow, selection, mutation, as it provides raw material populations respond adaptively changing environments. Although recognized a form biodiversity, often overlooked conservation programs due lack data difficulties generating it. We have devised framework that utilizes life‐history alternative infer population genetics parameters are used inform recommendations. Our combines approaches incorporating risk assessments predicting species based on combination specific biological trait values management recommendations ensure Here, we apply our assessment 52 or archaeophyte plant ecological restoration interest. found assessed least likely require were line Red List Least Concern species. While aligns categories, extends beyond threat classification by providing targeted In absence data, this proved be very informative practitioners. However, further species‐specific analysis still needed confirm results study provide robust

Language: Английский

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U.S. conservation translocations: Over a century of intended consequences

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(4)

Published: March 5, 2021

Abstract Conservation translocations (reintroductions, reinforcements, ecological replacements, and assisted colonization) have played a vital necessary role in conserving endangered species ecosystems. Yet concerns over potential unintended consequences frequently hinder the progress of translocation activities. We reviewed history U.S. to ask: how often were intended benefits result versus harmful consequences? found that key recovery for 30% (14 47) delisted taxa. Translocations been performed, are planned, or part continuing actions 70% (1,112 1,580) listed threatened Of 1,014 total taxa we with recorded conservation spanning 125 years, only one restricted instance caused loss biodiversity. All other reports negative by performed economic cultural interests absence conservation‐based governance. Examples included fish stocking sport biological control programs agricultural pests. this analysis because they can be used as tools, directly benefit In addition, raised examples results during planning process. However, 1.4% (42) 3,014 agents released globally ecosystem‐level deleterious impacts. these initially before 1980s practice governance recent decades reduced off‐target impacts from practice. Two themes emerged our review: (a) routinely yielded their without producing harm, (b) when damage did occur, it was regulation. This evidence shows well‐planned efforts produce ecosystem benefits, which should weighed against costs inaction deliberating strategies.

Language: Английский

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Genetic rescue often leads to higher fitness as a result of increased heterozygosity across animal taxa

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(19)

Published: Sept. 16, 2024

Abstract Biodiversity loss has reached critical levels partly due to anthropogenic habitat and degradation. These landscape changes are damaging as they can fragment species distributions into small, isolated populations, resulting in limited gene flow, population declines reduced adaptive potential. Genetic rescue, the translocation of individuals increase genetic diversity ultimately fitness, produced promising results for fragmented populations but remains underutilized a lack long‐term data monitoring. To promote better understanding rescue its potential risks benefits over short‐term, we reviewed analysed published attempts identify whether increases following translocation, if this change is associated with increased fitness. Our review identified 19 studies that provided fitness from before after translocation; majority these were on mammals, included experimental, natural conservation‐motivated translocations. Using Bayesian meta‐analytical approach, found average, post translocations, although there some exceptions trend. Overall, was positive predictor cases relationship extended three generations post‐rescue. suggest single have lasting benefits, support another tool facilitate conservation success. Given number data, echo need monitoring post‐translocation understand also limit long‐term.

Language: Английский

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Meta‐analysis of genetic representativeness of plant populations under ex situ conservation in contrast to wild source populations

Conservation Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(1), P. 12 - 23

Published: Aug. 25, 2020

Ex-situ conservation is widely used to protect wild plant species from extinction. However, it remains unclear how genetic variation of ex-situ collections reflects source population diversity. Here, we conduct a global meta-analysis the representativeness populations by comparing diversity (i.e. AR, allelic richness; H

Language: Английский

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A single generation in the wild increases fitness for descendants of hatchery‐origin Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Reintroduction is an important tool for the recovery of imperiled species. For threatened Pacific salmonids (Oncorhynchus spp.) species, hatchery-origin (HOR) individuals from a nearby source are often used to reestablish populations in vacant, historically occupied habitat. However, this approach challenged by relatively low reproductive success that HOR experience when they spawn wild, relative their natural-origin (NOR) counterparts. In study, we genetic parentage analysis compare three groups adult Chinook salmon tshawytscha) reintroduced above Cougar Dam on South Fork McKenzie River, Oregon: integrated stock; first-generation, wild-born descendants (hereafter F 1s) produced at same hatchery; and NOR presumed have been below dam, mainstem or elsewhere volitionally entered trap Dam. We found 1s nearly as many offspring NORs, 1.8-fold more than HORs. This result suggests that, reintroduction program, single generation wild increases fitness salmon. Although these results encouraging, care must be taken before extrapolating our other systems.

Language: Английский

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The fitness consequences of wildlife conservation translocations: a meta‐analysis

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 99(2), P. 348 - 371

Published: Oct. 16, 2023

ABSTRACT Conservation translocation is a common strategy to offset mounting rates of population declines through the transfer captive‐ or wild‐origin organisms into areas where conspecific populations are imperilled completely extirpated. Translocations that supplement existing referred as reinforcements and can be conducted using captive‐origin animals [ ex situ reinforcement (ESR)] without any captive ancestry in (ISR)]. These programs have been criticized for low success husbandry practices produce individuals with genetic performance deficits, but post‐release translocated groups has not systematically reviewed quantify relative wild‐resident control groups. To assess disparity conspecifics examine association organismal methodological factors across studies, we systematic review meta‐analysis 821 comparisons from 171 studies representing nine animal classes (101 species). We found 64% decreased odds out‐performing their counterparts, supporting claims systemic issues hampering conservation translocations. help identify could maximize program future, further quantified impact broad on between performance. Pre‐release enrichment significantly reduced disparities, whereas our results suggest no overall effects taxonomic group, sex, generation time, type fitness surrogate measured. This work most comprehensive date translocations which wild were used comparators, thereby facilitating an evaluation this identifying specific actions increase success. Our highlights need managers include both sympatric allopatric wild‐reference ensure evaluated. Further, analyses pre‐release particular improving outcomes translocations, demonstrate how implementation choices contributions recipient growth viability.

Language: Английский

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Weaving place‐based knowledge for culturally significant species in the age of genomics: Looking to the past to navigate the future

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(5), P. 751 - 772

Published: March 3, 2022

Relationships with place provide critical context for characterizing biocultural diversity. Yet, genetic and genomic studies are rarely informed by Indigenous or local knowledge, processes, practices, including the movement of culturally significant species. Here, we show how place-based knowledge can better reveal complexities data derived from As a case study, focus on southern freshwater kōura (crayfish) in Aotearoa me Te Waipounamu (New Zealand, herein NZ). Our results, based genotyping-by-sequencing markers, strong population structure along signatures admixture 19 genetically depauperate populations across east coast Waipounamu. Environment association differentiation analyses adaptation also indicate role hydroclimatic variables-including temperature, precipitation, water flow regimes-in shaping kōura. Through trusted partnerships between community researchers, weaving markers has both provided invaluable interpretation created opportunities to reconnect people place. We envisage such guiding future research species NZ beyond.

Language: Английский

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Current and future challenges to conservation translocations

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Language: Английский

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Conservation translocation immediately reverses decline in imperiled sage-grouse populations

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 304, P. 110986 - 110986

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

Language: Английский

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Global insights into the translocation of marine benthic invertebrates as a fishery management tool

Ocean & Coastal Management, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 267, P. 107733 - 107733

Published: May 10, 2025

Language: Английский

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