The Biological Assessment and Rehabilitation of the World’s Rivers: An Overview

Water, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 371 - 371

Published: Jan. 31, 2021

The biological assessment of rivers i.e., their through use aquatic assemblages, integrates the effects multiple-stressors on these systems over time and is essential to evaluate ecosystem condition establish recovery measures. It has been undertaken in many countries since 1990s, but not globally. And where national or multi-national monitoring networks have gathered large amounts data, poor water body classifications necessarily resulted rehabilitation rivers. Thus, here we aimed identify major gaps worldwide by focusing best examples Asia, Europe, Oceania, North, Central, South America. Our study showed that it possible so far draw a world map ecological quality Biological streams only implemented officially nation-wide regularly European Union, Japan, Republic Korea, Africa, USA. In Australia, Canada, China, New Zealand, Singapore at state/province level (in some cases using common protocols) catchments even once define reference conditions (Australia). other cases, driven specific problem, impact assessments, licenses, need rehabilitate river section (as Brazil, Australia). programs explored research teams mostly catchment local (e.g., Mexico, Chile, India, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam) citizen science groups Southern Gambia, East Canada). existing large-extent assessments show striking loss biodiversity last 2-3 decades Japanese Zealand 42% 70% fish species threatened endangered, respectively). A (below Good condition) exists 25% Korean rivers, half bodies, 44% USA while Australia 30% reaches sampled were significantly impaired 2006. Regarding rehabilitation, greatest implementation occurred North America, Northern Singapore, Korea. Most measures related improving connectivity for improvement riparian vegetation. limited extent most (i.e., considering entire catchment) often constrains condition. Yet, projects also lack pre-and/or post-monitoring condition, which prevents assessing success shortcomings Economic constraints are cited limitation implementing actions, followed technical limitations, knowledge fauna flora life-history traits (especially America Mexico), awareness decision-makers. On hand, involvement recognized as key sustainability projects. establishing needs, defining clear goals, tracking progress towards achieving them, involving populations stakeholders recommendations (Table 1). Large-extent long-term provide realistic overview worldwide. Soon, DNA samples eDNA investigate diversity could contribute reducing costs thus increase efforts more complete biodiversity. Finally, propose developing transcontinental elaborate improve guidelines financial frameworks managing international catchments. We recommend providing such expert United Nations Environment Program aid extension biomonitoring, bioassessment,

Language: Английский

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Actions against sustainability: Dismantling of the environmental policies in Brazil

Land Use Policy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 104, P. 105384 - 105384

Published: March 7, 2021

Language: Английский

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Fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages reveal extensive degradation of the world's rivers

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 355 - 374

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Rivers suffer from multiple stressors acting simultaneously on their biota, but the consequences are poorly quantified at global scale. We evaluated biological condition of rivers globally, including largest proportion countries Global South published to date. gathered macroinvertebrate- and fish-based assessments 72,275 37,676 sites, respectively, 64 study regions across six continents 45 nations. Because were based differing methods, different systems consolidated into a 3-class system: Good, Impaired, or Severely following common guidelines. The sites in each class by area was calculated region assigned Köppen-Geiger climate type, Human Footprint score (addressing landscape alterations), Development Index (HDI) social welfare), % with good ambient water quality, protected freshwater key biodiversity areas; forest net change rate. found that 50% macroinvertebrate 42% fish Good condition, whereas 21% 29% respectively. poorest conditions occurred Arid Equatorial climates best Snow climates. Impaired associated (Pearson correlation coefficient) higher HDI scores, poorer physico-chemical lower proportions areas. quality increased forested It is essential implement statutory bioassessment programs Asian, African, American countries, continue them Oceania, Europe, North America. There need invest fish, as there less information globally strong indicators degradation. Our highlights increase extent number river catchments, preserve restore natural areas treat wastewater discharges, improve connectivity.

Language: Английский

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Protecting and restoring habitats to benefit freshwater biodiversity

Environmental Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(3), P. 438 - 456

Published: June 21, 2023

Freshwater biodiversity is under great threat across the globe as evidenced by more severe declines relative to other types of ecosystems. Some main stressors responsible for these concerning trends habitat fragmentation, degradation, and loss stemming from anthropogenic activities, including energy production, urbanization, agriculture, resource extraction. Habitat protection restoration both play an integral role in efforts save freshwater associated ecosystem services further decline. In this paper, we summarize sources threats with then outline response options protect restore habitats. Specific are legislate healthy productive ecosystems, prioritize habitats restoration, enact durable protections, conserve a coordinated integrated manner, engage evidence-based using adaptive management approach, ensure that potential alterations mitigated or off-set, future-proof actions. Such work should be done through lens engages involves local community members. We identify three broad categories obstacles could arise during implementation outlined: (a) scientific (e.g., inaccessible data uncertainties), (b) institutional capacity issues differing goals agencies), (c) social political prioritizing economic development over conservation initiatives). The key Bend Curve biodiversity, comprehensive, connected, effort needed intact fragmented, degraded, lost they support.

Language: Английский

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Scales matter: regional environment factors affect α diversity but local factors affect β diversity of macroinvertebrates in Thousand Islands Lake catchment area

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 111561 - 111561

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

A more profound comprehension of various facets biodiversity is essential for advancing sustainable governance and its associated ecosystem services. In this study, we delved into the composition beta diversity within macroinvertebrates communities in Thousand Islands Lake catchment area. Subsequently, investigated factors influencing diverse alpha diversity, ultimately employed structural equation modeling to analyze pathways through which both regional environmental factors, like climate land use, local variables collectively impact distinct ecosystem. Our results showed that (i) taxonomic phylogenetic diversities were primarily determined by turnover, while functional predominantly nestedness; (ii) are influenced spatial variables, with environment ranking second, use explaining lowest proportion according variance partitioning; (iii) mainly affected especially climatic (precipitation) hydrological (depth) revealed modeling. These offer compelling evidence composition, ecological drivers, specific influence vary across different scales. Future studies could focus on as well consider effects at scales, would provide new insights potential patterns community associations.

Language: Английский

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Mapping and Assessing Riparian Vegetation Response to Drought along the Buffalo River Catchment in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa

Climate, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 7 - 7

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

The increasing drought frequency poses a significant threat to global and regional river systems ecosystem functioning, especially in the complex topographical Buffalo River catchment area of Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. This study explored impact on riparian vegetation dynamics using Normalize Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Transformed (TDVI) Modified Normalized Water (MNDWI) from satellite-derived Landsat data 1990 2020. least-squares linear regression Pearson’s correlation coefficient were used evaluate long-term cover role precipitation streamflow. results revealed moderate positive (r = 0.77) between streamflow with p-value 0.04 suggesting consequences health. Concurrent precipitation, trends showed that increased insignificantly less an influence while reverse was case long term. show NDVI TDVI indices for detecting water-stressed dynamics. Much these changes reflected MNDWI dry areas higher accuracy (87.47%) dense upper areas. standardized index (SPI) inter-annual inter-seasonal variations drought-stressed years 1991–1996, 2000–2004, 2009–2010, 2015, 2018–2019, 2020 exhibited slight sensitivity drought. findings this underscore need heightened efforts catchment-scale awareness policy development, programs, practices towards ecosystem-based adaptation.

Language: Английский

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Exploring the relationship between land-use and pesticides in freshwater ecosystem: A case study of the Araguaia River Basin, Brazil

Environmental Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15, P. 100497 - 100497

Published: Feb. 13, 2024

Freshwater aquatic ecosystems are vulnerable to human activities within their surroundings, presenting a concerning scenario for organisms and subsistence. Therefore, understanding the occurrence of pesticide contamination is necessary condition safeguard biodiversity health. We analysed residues in water samples, using solid-phase extraction (SPE) technique determination by ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC‒MS/MS). also we investigated whether land use influences pesticides middle upper Araguaia River basin, situated central region Brazil Cerrado biome. evaluated effect cover type on nine subbasins mixed linear models. registered all subbasins. After analysis total eight were found: atrazine, carbendazim, cyanazine, imidacloprid, 2,4-D, clomazone, chlorpyrifos-ethyl, imazalil. Atrazine carbendazim detected during both sampling years. The active ingredient atrazine clomazone studied subbasins, concentrations ranged from 0.006-0.207 µg L−1. 0.183-0.373 L−1, respectively. There no significant relationships observed between number cover, result possibly related short period, as these largely used fungi insect control agricultural areas. presence may have potentially detrimental effects because sampled been associated anomalies ontogenetic development, diseases, mortality organisms. Based European legislation, it was evident that most had exceeding safety levels consumption. Thus, crucial Brazilian legislation establish maximum limits ensure safe drinking population. Additionally, permanent monitoring system should be established understand trends this basin take appropriate actions mitigate adverse impacts.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity spatial distribution of benthic macroinvertebrate assemblages is influenced by anthropogenic disturbances at multiple spatial extents

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 960, P. 178365 - 178365

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Functional responses of aquatic invertebrates to anthropogenic stressors in riparian zones of Neotropical savanna streams

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 753, P. 141865 - 141865

Published: Aug. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

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Low forest-loss thresholds threaten Amazonian fish and macroinvertebrate assemblage integrity

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 127, P. 107773 - 107773

Published: May 12, 2021

Deforestation is a major threat globally, but especially in tropical regions because they are biodiversity strongholds and carbon storehouses. Some studies have reported changes species richness composition lotic ecosystems with increased forest-loss their catchment, presumably resulting from the replacement of sensitive taxa by more resistant or tolerant taxa. Also, respond to deforestation non-linear manner fish macroinvertebrates different sensitivities landscape pressures. Therefore, it useful determine effects on widespread threshold aquatic ecosystems. We used Threshold Indicator Taxa Analysis (TITAN) assess land use history impacts 92 eastern Amazonian stream sites. determined TITAN peak-change thresholds for at 1% 6% total-catchment local-riparian spatial extents, respectively, 2% 40% land-use intensity change respectively. For macroinvertebrates, were 11% forest loss 3% both extents. Because these thresholds, inherent ecoregional variability key literature, we three recommendations. 1) Logging should be prohibited riparian reserves that least 100-m wide each side headwater streams network catchments across all biomes as many types possible. 2) An ecologically statistically rigorous monitoring program standard methods implemented regulate uses better. 3) Conservation planning areas consider biota well terrestrial biota.

Language: Английский

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