Patchy distribution of potato cyst nematodes within single arable fields reveals local disease suppressiveness mediated by disparate microbial communities

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Abstract Disease suppressiveness is a complex phenomenon that assumed to be the resultant of actions local microbial antagonists in soil environments. Exploitation disease as tool manage pathogens hindered by our poor understanding this phenomenon. Here we investigated microbiome-based suppression potato cyst nematodes (PCN), and, end, four apparently homogeneous fields with an unexplained non-homogeneous PCN distribution were selected. We hypothesized patchy resulted from variation suppressiveness. Under controlled greenhouse conditions, confirmed these soils vis-à-vis and gamma-irradiated corroborate biotic origin suppression. Subsequent DNA-based analysis community rhizosphere revealed suppressiveness-related contrasts composition between suppressive conducive patches. Elevated abundances fungal ( e.g. , Metacordyceps chlamydosporia ) bacterial e.g ., Pseudomonas fluorescens nematode positively correlated Distinct sets found associated despite geographical closeness locations under investigation. Our findings confirm reveal it should regarded superficially similar biologically diverse

Language: Английский

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Synchronization of oscillatory growth prepares fungal hyphae for fusion

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Aug. 21, 2023

Communication is crucial for organismic interactions, from bacteria, to fungi, humans. Humans may use the visual sense monitor environment before starting acoustic interactions. In comparison, lacking a system, rely on cell-to-cell dialogue based secreted signaling molecules coordinate cell fusion and establish hyphal networks. Within this dialogue, hyphae alternate between sending receiving signals. This pattern can be visualized via putative protein Soft (SofT), mitogen-activated kinase MAK-2 (MakB) which are recruited in an alternating oscillatory manner respective cytoplasmic membrane or nuclei of interacting hyphae. Here, we show that signal oscillations already occur single Arthrobotrys flagrans absence potential partners (cell monologue). They were same phase as growth oscillations. contrast anti-phasic observed during SofT MakB displayed synchronized monologue. Once two came into each other's vicinity, their oscillation frequencies slowed down (entrainment phase) transit synchronization cells' with 104±28 s 117±19 s, respectively. Single-cell oscillations, transient entrainment, reproduced by mathematical model where nearby absorb secrete limited molecular component shared extracellular space. We intracellular Ca2+ concentrations oscillate approaching hyphae, depletion medium affected vesicle-driven extension tip, abolished monologue Our results suggest engage 'monologue' used exploration dynamically shift systems 'dialogue' initiate fusion.

Language: Английский

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AfLaeA, a Global Regulator of Mycelial Growth, Chlamydospore Production, Pathogenicity, Secondary Metabolism, and Energy Metabolism in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys flagrans

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(4)

Published: June 26, 2023

Arthrobotrys flagrans (Duddingtonia flagrans) is a typical nematode-trapping fungus which has been used for nematode biocontrol. The global regulator LaeA widely distributed in filamentous fungi and plays crucial role secondary metabolism development addition to pathogenicity fungal pathogens. In this study, the chromosome-level genome of A. CBS 565.50 was sequenced homologous sequences were identified flagrans. (AfLaeA) knockout resulted slower hyphal growth smoother surface. Importantly, deletion AfLaeA absence chlamydospores attenuated glycogen lipid accumulation hyphae. Similarly, disruption gene led fewer traps electron-dense bodies, lower protease activity, delay capturing nematodes. had large effect on flagrans, both overexpression could yield new compounds, whereas some compounds lost due AfLaeA. Protein-protein interactions between another eight proteins detected. Furthermore, transcriptome data analysis showed that 17.77% 35.51% genes influenced by days 3 7, respectively. higher expression level artA cluster, multiple differentially expressed involved synthesis opposite patterns wild-type ΔAfLaeA strains. summary, our results provide novel insights into functions mycelial growth, chlamydospore production, pathogenicity, metabolism, energy IMPORTANCE regulation biological functions, such as development, LaeA, reported fungi. But date, no study reported. Moreover, it not investigated whether or formation investigated. Especially mechanism chlamydospores, several transcription factors signaling pathways are production but from an epigenetic perspective revealed. Concurrently, understanding protein-protein will broader regulatory This finding critical biocontrol establishes foundation developing high-efficiency agents.

Language: Английский

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Metabolites from a global regulator engineered strain of Pseudomonas lurida and their inducement of trap formation in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Chemical and Biological Technologies in Agriculture, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1)

Published: Feb. 16, 2024

Abstract Background Plant parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause serious harm to agricultural production. Nematode-trapping fungi (NTF) can produce traps capture and are the main resource for controlling nematodes. The number of determines capturing ability NTF. Results Pseudomonas lurida is widely existed in different habitats, which produces active metabolites induce trap formation Arthrobotrys oligospora , a famous To further identify substances, metabolic regulation was carried out strain by molecular biological methods. A mutant P. araC -PoprL with abundant secondary constructed, 19 ( 1 – ) including new compound, 1,1-dimethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4- b ]indole-3-carboxylic acid ), were isolated identified. activity assay showed that 1-methylhydantoin 9 could effectively A. traps. Conclusions metabolite induced . Both provide sources screening inducing materials show potential use plant Graphical

Language: Английский

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AfSwi6 Regulates the Stress Response, Chlamydospore Production, and Pathogenicity in the Nematode-Trapping Fungus Arthrobotrys flagrans

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(9), P. 1765 - 1765

Published: Aug. 26, 2024

Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi are a major resource for controlling parasitic nematodes. Arthrobotrys flagrans, as typical NT fungus, can capture nematodes by producing three-dimensional nets. The APSES transcription factor Swi6 plays vital role in fungal growth and the pathogenicity of pathogens. In this study, we characterized AfSwi6 via gene disruption using homologous recombinant method transcriptome sequencing. Knockout caused defects mycelial growth, trap formation pathogenicity, chlamydospore production, stress response. Moreover, data indicated that was related to DNA repair, response, plasma membrane fusion. result showed has significant effect on development production A. flagrans.

Language: Английский

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Management of phyto-parasitic nematodes using bacteria and fungi and their consortia as biocontrol agents

Environmental Science Advances, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Dec. 23, 2024

Phyto-parasitic nematodes are one of the risks to agroecosystem that cause agricultural output decline in a variety crops around world.

Language: Английский

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DNA methylation plays important roles in lifestyle transition of Arthrobotrys oligospora

IET Systems Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(3), P. 92 - 102

Published: May 17, 2024

Trap formation is the key indicator of carnivorous lifestyle transition nematode-trapping fungi (NTF). Here, DNA methylation profile was explored during trap induction Arthrobotrys oligospora, a typical NTF that captures nematodes by developing adhesive networks. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing identified 871 sites and 1979 differentially methylated regions (DMRs). This first-of-its-kind investigation unveiled widespread presence systems in NTF, suggested potential regulation ribosomal RNAs through methylation. Functional analysis indicated methylation's involvement complex gene regulations induction, impacting multiple biological processes like response to stimulus, transporter activity, cell reproduction molecular function regulator. These findings provide glimpse into important roles offer new insights for understanding mechanisms driving NTF.

Language: Английский

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Isolation, characterization, and predatory activity of nematode-trapping fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora PSGSS01

Journal of King Saud University - Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(8), P. 103297 - 103297

Published: June 12, 2024

A research study was undertaken to find a fungus that could effectively trap and kill Meloidogyne spp., which are root-knot nematodes cause significant crop loss worldwide. Soil samples were collected processed appropriately for the isolation of nematode-trapping fungi. After primary screening, potential fungus, Arthrobotrys oligospora (Orbilia oligospora) PSGSS01 selected further investigation. Its growth tested under various conditions, including different media types, temperatures, pH levels. predatory activity on incognita also assessed in vitro. The exhibited septate double-celled conidiospores, trapping hyphae, radiating sparse mycelium. Optimal conditions found be at 25 °C 4.0 5.0 corn meal agar. best temperature conidiospore germination 25°C − 37°C 5.0, respectively. isolate 94% second-stage juveniles M. incognita, 92% juvenile mortality recorded 120 h 28°C. Therefore, concluded A. used as biological control agent against nematodes.

Language: Английский

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Functional Characterization of Ao4g24: An Uncharacterized Gene Involved in Conidiation, Trap Formation, Stress Response, and Secondary Metabolism in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1532 - 1532

Published: July 26, 2024

is a typical nematode-trapping (NT) fungus, which can secrete food cues to lure, capture, and digest nematodes by triggering the production of adhesive networks (traps). Based on genomic proteomic analyses, multiple pathogenic genes proteins involved in trap formation have been characterized; however, there are numerous uncharacterized that play important roles formation. The functional studies these unknown helpful systematically elucidating complex interactions between

Language: Английский

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The Cryptochrome CryA Regulates Lipid Droplet Accumulation, Conidiation, and Trap Formation via Responses to Light in Arthrobotrys oligospora

Journal of Fungi, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 626 - 626

Published: Sept. 1, 2024

Light is a key environmental factor affecting conidiation in filamentous fungi. The cryptochrome/photolyase CryA, blue-light receptor, involved fungal development. In the present study, homologous CryA (AoCryA) was identified from widely occurring nematode-trapping (NT) fungus Arthrobotrys oligospora, and its roles mycelial growth development of A. oligospora were characterized using gene knockout, phenotypic comparison, staining technique, metabolome analysis. inactivation AocryA caused substantial decrease spore yields dark conditions but did not affect wild-type (WT) ∆AocryA mutant strains light conditions. Corresponding to production, transcription sporulation-related genes also significantly downregulated Contrarily, mutants showed increase trap formation conditions, while production abilities WT decreased addition, lipid droplet accumulation increased an tolerance sorbitol, contributed synthesis carotenoids. Finally, AoCryA found secondary metabolic processes. These results reveal, for first time, function cryptochrome NT

Language: Английский

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