Reanalysis of sequences of alleged Javan tiger highlights the difficulties in studying big cats and the need for high-throughput sequencing
Oryx,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 1 - 6
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
Abstract
Big
cats
are
of
conservation
concern
throughout
their
range,
and
genetic
tools
often
employed
to
study
them
for
various
purposes.
However,
there
several
difficulties
in
using
big
cat
that
could
be
resolved
by
modern
methods
DNA
sequencing.
Recent
reports
the
sighting
a
putative
Javan
tiger
Panthera
tigris
sondaica
West
Java,
Indonesia,
highlight
some
studying
genetics
cats.
We
reanalysed
data
original
found
conclusions
were
drawn
based
on
incorrect
copies
genes.
Specifically,
nuclear
copy
mitochondrial
gene
was
analysed
with
sequence,
leading
discordance
results.
re-sequencing
remaining
confirms
have
been
tiger,
but
subspecies
cannot
confirmed.
This
work
highlights
urgency
developing
high-throughput
sequencing
infrastructure
tropics
need
reliable
databases
Language: Английский
Divergence and serial colonization shape genetic variation and define conservation units in Asian elephants
Current Biology,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
The year of the tiger and the year of tiger genomes!
Molecular Ecology Resources,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
23(2), P. 327 - 329
Published: Oct. 29, 2022
Tigers
are
endangered
apex
predators.
They
typify
species
because
they
elusive,
rare,
and
face
numerous
threats
across
their
range.
also
symbolize
conservation.
However,
it
is
very
difficult
to
study
tigers
of
stated
nature.
Also,
tiger
conservation
a
geopolitically
sensitive
topic,
making
use
the
studies
propose
evidence-based
management
that
allows
recovery,
especially
in
context
genetics.
Zhang
et
al.
(Mol.
Ecol.
Resour.,
2022)
have
created
valuable
rare
resources
aid
community
conserving
tigers.
First,
present
chromosome
level
genome
assemblies
South
China
an
Amur
tiger.
Second,
whole
sequences
16
captive
Additionally,
by
using
model
demographic
history
these
populations,
estimate
inbreeding
potential
captivity.
This
approach
particularly
important
genetic
now
only
remaining
option
for
tigers,
extinct
wild.
In
other
words,
individuals
our
hope
some
day
restoring
wild
populations
Language: Английский
Establishment and characterization of fibroblast lines from the northern tiger cat (Leopardus tigrinus, Schreber, 1775) during extended passage and cryopreservation
Cell Biology International,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 16, 2024
Abstract
The
establishment
of
fibroblast
lines
enables
several
applications
from
the
formation
biobanks
for
conservation
biodiversity
to
use
these
cells
in
physiological
and
toxicological
assays.
Considered
a
species
vulnerable
extinction,
characterization
fibroblastic
northern
tiger
cat
would
contribute
its
conservation.
Therefore,
we
established
characterized
fibroblasts
derived
during
extended
passage
(third,
seventh,
eleventh
passages)
cryopreservation
with
regard
morphology,
viability,
apoptotic
classification,
metabolism,
proliferative
activity,
oxidative
stress
by
reactive
oxygen
(ROS)
levels
mitochondrial
membrane
potential
(ΔΨm).
Initially,
identified
four
dermal
immunophenotyping,
karyotyping
In
vitro
culture
after
third,
passages
did
not
affect
ROS
levels.
Nevertheless,
at
seventh
featured
reduction
metabolism
an
alteration
ΔΨm
when
compared
third
cells.
Additionally,
showed
changes
activity
morphology
other
passages.
Regarding
cryopreservation,
no
effect
was
observed
on
cryopreserved
activity.
had
ΔΨm.
summary,
were
affected
(seventh
cryopreservation.
Adjustments
are
necessary
reduce
cellular
caused
conditions.
Language: Английский
Population genomics reveals extensive inbreeding and purging of mutational load in wild Amur tigers
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: May 10, 2023
Abstract
The
inbreeding
is
a
big
threat
for
the
persistence
of
genetic
diversity
in
small
and
isolated
populations
endangered
species.
homozygous
genome
could
exacerbate
depression
by
introducing
deleterious
alleles
population.
However,
purging
loads
as
they
become
homozygotes
alleviate
depression.
Amur
tiger
(
Panthera
tigris
altaica
)
typically
exists
population
living
forests
Northeast
Asia
among
most
animals
on
planet
with
great
symbolic
significance
conservation.
By
comparing
captive
individuals,
we
revealed
substantially
higher
more
extensive
wild
(F
ROH
=0.51)
than
tigers
=0.26).
We
further
found
much
less
mutational
when
compared
tigers.
frequency
loss
function
nonsynonymous
mutations
inside
regions
are
lower
that
non-ROH
both
tigers,
indicating
may
had
occurred
but
effective
In
addition,
average
was
neutral
population,
purifying
selection
contributed
to
These
findings
provide
valuable
genome-wide
evidence
support
making
future
conservation
plans
Language: Английский
Genomic analysis revealed hotspots of genetic adaptation and risk of disappearance in the Brazilian goat populations
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 4, 2024
Abstract
We
accessed
a
50K
Illumina
SNP
genotype
dataset
from
two
important
goat
breeds
of
the
Brazilian
semi-
arid
region
to
analyze
abundance
and
length
runs
homozygosity
(ROH).
This
analysis
aims
elucidate
importance
adaptation
history
in
genome
populations
measure
genomic
inbreeding.
Heterozygosity-rich
regions
(HRR)
or
high
genetic
variability
provide
clues
about
how
diversity
might
be
associated
with
increased
fitness,
avoiding
deleterious
homozygous
alleles.
Overall,
22,872
ROH
were
identified.
The
average
number
per
individual
ranged
74.73
(Anglo-Nubian
commercial
breed)
173.85
(Marota
landrace).
Analysis
distribution
according
their
size
showed
that,
for
both
breeds,
majority
short
(<2.0
Mb)
category
(65.6%).
ROH-based
inbreeding
(F
)
revealed
low
levels
Anglo-Nubian
(0.0627)
Marota
(0.1419),
likely
due
reduction
effective
population
over
generations
landrace.
defined
islands
HRR
identified
common
goat,
where
genes
related
various
traits
such
as
embryonic
development,
body
growth,
lipid
homeostasis,
brain
functions
are
located.
These
results
indicate
that
many
have
therefore
been
under
selective
pressure
these
reared
different
purposes.
Language: Английский
Natural dispersal is better than translocation for reducing risks of inbreeding depression in eastern black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis michaeli)
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: June 29, 2023
Abstract
Due
to
ever
increasing
anthropogenic
impacts,
many
species
survive
only
in
small
and
isolated
populations.
Active
conservation
management
reduce
extinction
risk
includes:
habitat
connectivity;
translocations
from
captive
populations;
or
intense
surveillance
of
highly
protected
closed
The
fitness
individuals
born
under
these
scenarios
may
vary
due
differences
selection
pressures.
However,
the
genetic
impacts
such
strategies
are
rarely
assessed.
Using
whole
genome
sequences
cohorts
critically
endangered
eastern
black
rhinoceros
as
a
model,
we
compare
consequences
past
efforts.
We
find
that
offspring
had
either
dispersed
native
populations
(F
ROH>100Kb
=
0.13)
translocated
0.08)
showed
lower
inbreeding
compared
0.17).
frequency
deleterious
mutations
was
higher
for
resulting
translocation
other
groups
this
load
sheltered
by
heterozygosity.
This
could
increase
risks
depression
if
founders
subsequently
inbreed
after
translocation.
In
contrast,
dispersers
reduced
negative
effects
without
compromising
benefits
purging
mutations.
Our
study
highlights
importance
natural
dispersal
reiterates
maintaining
corridors
between
Language: Английский
Serial colonization shapes genetic variation and defines conservation units in Asian elephants
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: Sept. 6, 2023
Abstract
Asian
elephants
(
Elephas
maximus
)
are
the
largest
extant
terrestrial
megaherbivores
native
to
Asia,
with
60%
of
their
wild
population
found
in
India.
Despite
ecological
and
cultural
importance,
genetic
structure
diversity,
demographic
history,
ensuing
implications
for
management/conservation
remain
understudied.
We
analysed
34
whole
genomes
(between
11X
-
32X)
from
most
known
elephant
landscapes
India
identified
five
units
corresponding
Northern
(Northwestern/Northeastern)
India,
Central
three
Southern
Our
data
reveal
signatures
serial
colonisation,
a
dilution
diversity
north
south
The
populations
diverged
other
more
than
70,000
years
ago,
have
higher
low
inbreeding/high
effective
size
(Pi
=
0.0016±0.0001;
F
ROH>
1MB
0.09±0.03).
Two
(South
Palghat
Gap:
SPG,
South
Shencottah
Gap:SSG)
inbred,
very
sizes
compared
current
census
0.0014±0.00009
0.0015±0.0001;
0.25±0.09
0.17±0.02).
Analyses
load
reveals
purging
potentially
high-effect
insertion/deletion
(indel)
deleterious
alleles
potential
all
However,
despite
damaging
mutation
that
remains
is
homozygous.
High
homozygosity
alleles,
coupled
neutral
make
these
(SPG
SSG)
high
priority
conservation
attention.
Most
surprisingly,
our
study
suggests
patterns
can
correspond
geographic
founding
events,
even
large,
highly
mobile,
endangered
mammals.
Language: Английский
Reanalysis of sequences of alleged Javan tiger highlights the difficulties in studying big cats and the need for high throughput sequencing
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown
Published: April 17, 2024
Abstract
Big
cats
are
of
conservation
concern
throughout
their
range.
Genetic
tools
often
employed
to
study
them
for
various
purposes.
However,
there
several
difficulties
in
using
genetic
big
cat
which
may
be
resolved
by
modern
methods
DNA
sequencing.
Recent
reports
discovery
Javan
tigers
West
Java,
Indonesia
highlights
few
the
genetics.
We
reanalysed
data
original
and
found
that
results
were
unreliable.
resequencing
extracts
confirm
sighting
could
have
been
a
tiger,
but
subspecies
cannot
confirmed.
The
work
urgency
development
high
throughput
sequencing
infrastructure
tropics
need
reliable
databases
studies
cats.
Language: Английский
Effects of Inbreeding on Survival of Captive Bengal Tigers (Panthera tigris tigris) in Lahore Zoo
MARKHOR (The Journal of Zoology),
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
unknown, P. 07 - 16
Published: June 30, 2024
The
risk
of
inbreeding
within
captive
tiger
populations
is
a
fundamental
problem
in
conservation
wildlife.
Objective:
To
determined
high
levels
can
result
reduced
genetic
variation,
low
reproductive
performance,
increased
cub
mortality
and
immune
competence.
Lahore
Zoological
Gardens
famous
for
its
exhibits.
current
study
has
been
palnned
to
understand
the
Bengal
tigers
(Panthera
tigris
tigris)
at
due
production
offspring
among
similar
individuals
same
families
without
change
blood
line.
Stillbirths
rickets
are
an
issue
Zoo.
Methods:
was
highlighted
2008.
From
2008
2020,
repeated
cases
have
occurred.
Results:
Among
19
new-born
cubs,
9
were
male
10
female.
normal
birth
rate
cubs
63%
stillbirth
37%.
percentage
white-colored
72%.
newborn
suffered
from
various
conditions
such
as
autolysis,
squint
eyes,
blue
white
color,
malformation,
infection.
Because
this,
breeding
banned
2010.
In
2018
2022
new
imported
replace
A
pair
them
produced
four
all
which
died
age
11
weeks.
Conclusions:
Based
on
it
recommended
that
analysis
existing
Zoo
different
sites
province
be
performed.
Apart
that,
revision
collection
plan,
line
artificial
insemination
also
Language: Английский