Integrated species distribution models reveal spatiotemporal patterns of human–wildlife conflict

Ecological Applications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(7)

Published: May 10, 2022

To mitigate human-wildlife conflict it is imperative to know where and when occurs. However, standard methods used predict the occurrence of often fail recognize how a species distribution likely limits may happen. As such, that could be improved if they identify will occur relative species' underlying distribution. this end, we an integrated model combined presence-only wildlife complaints with data from systematic camera trapping survey throughout Chicago, Illinois. This draws upon both sources estimate latent species; in addition, can most within We modeled occupancy potential coyote (Canis latrans), Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginiana), raccoon (Procyon lotor) as function urban intensity, per capita income, home vacancy rates Chicago. Overall, each constrained spatiotemporal patterns city Within distribution, found was humans habitat overlap (e.g., featuring higher-than-average canopy cover housing density). Furthermore, high-income neighborhoods for raccoon, despite fact those two have higher low-income neighborhoods. knowing are distributed inform guidelines on management should focused, especially overlaps human habitats. Finally, because incorporate already been collected by managers or officials, approach develop stronger collaborations agencies conduct applied research landscape-scale management.

Language: Английский

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Human-wildlife conflict in Rwanda: linking ecoregion, changing conservation status and the local communities’ perception

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. e03550 - e03550

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Planning for wolf-livestock coexistence: landscape context predicts livestock depredation risk in agricultural landscapes

animal, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 100719 - 100719

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Extensive pastoral livestock systems in Central Europe provide multiple ecosystem services and support biodiversity agricultural landscapes but their viability is challenged by depredation (LD) associated with the recovery of wolf populations. Variation spatial distribution LD depends on a suite factors, most which are unavailable at appropriate scales. To assess if patterns can be predicted sufficiently land use data alone scale one federal state Germany, we employed machine-learning-supported resource selection approach. The model used monitoring data, publicly available to describe landscape configuration control sites (resolution 4 km * km). We SHapley Additive exPlanations importance effects cross-validation evaluate performance. Our events mean accuracy 74%. influential features included grassland, farmland forest. risk was high these three co-occurred specific proportion. A share combined moderate proportion forest farmland, increased risk. then predict five regions; resulting maps showed congruence observed events. While correlative nature lacking information husbandry practices, our pragmatic modelling approach guide prioritisation damage prevention or mitigation practices improve livestock-wolf coexistence landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Spatio-Temporal Patterns of Livestock Predation by Leopards in Bardia National Park, Nepal

Land, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1156 - 1156

Published: May 31, 2023

Human–wildlife conflict is a challenging issue that requires the attention of conservationists worldwide. Habitat fragmentation and encroachment reduce abundance prey species, an increase in number predators leads to higher risk with large cats such as leopards, jeopardizing conservation efforts. This study explored spatio-temporal pattern human–leopard Bardia National Park, Nepal, from 2000 2020. To analyze we used data (compensation cases filed park) buffer zone management office, Trust for Nature Conservation (NTNC), Department Park Wildlife (DNPWC). Leopard attacks on livestock are increasing exponentially, 3335 killed 2652 occurring during period. Although depredation by leopards occurred all over park, southern cluster has most documented damage (64.01%). The eastern northern clusters reported fluctuating dispersed predation events, respectively. Our spatial analysis indicated no effect topography (slope) leopards. We recorded highest leopard dry winter season when nights longer remain their sheds. carnivore mostly limited its small-sized (95.77%) goats, sheep, pigs, whereas large-sized (cow buffalo) were least frequent. Among livestock, goats predated (66.92%), followed pigs (20.30%), seasons. escalating BNP thus severe threat efforts park already invested substantial amount money (approx. USD 80,000) compensating lost last two decades. Improving habitat conditions competition inside developing insurance scheme humans, providing support upgraded sheds, development practical feasible strategies focus specific animals national needed conflicts maintain co-existence between wildlife human beings.

Language: Английский

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Ecological and anthropogenic drivers of leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) attack occurrence on humans in Nepal

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(6), P. 1977 - 1988

Published: Sept. 10, 2023

Abstract The negative impact of large carnivore presence in human‐dominated landscapes manifests as livestock depredation and extreme cases attacks on humans. In the case conflict with leopards Nepal, resulting human fatality have become more frequent over time, thus creating an urgent socio‐ecological management issue. We estimated occurrence leopard Nepal from human‐leopard reported media. used occupancy models to analyse data collected online news reports incidents humans explore drivers a landscape scale. Our results suggest that probability attack is associated population density, terrain ruggedness density. density effect may be indicative density‐dependent relationship, where are likely areas increased abundance increases encounter rates leopards. positive suggests drawing into settlements, consequently increasing likelihood Terrain might offering ideal conditions facilitate humans, for example remoteness high amounts cover launch ambush attacks. provide inference insights key determinants These can guide future research, inform mitigation measures reduce foster better understanding interaction between people This study demonstrates applicability novelty using hierarchical modelling framework applied freely publicly available media human‐wildlife at national Read free Plain Language Summary this article Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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The behaviours of different carnivore and livestock species shape spatial patterns of human–carnivore conflict

People and Nature, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(3), P. 1248 - 1261

Published: March 28, 2024

Abstract Understanding the ecological and human factors that shape loss of livestock to wild carnivores can help target conservation efforts. We used 5 years depredation records (2009–2013, n = 1147) alongside Hwange National Park, Zimbabwe, investigate how spatial patterns vary by carnivore species. Dominant across all species seasons included an increased likelihood closer protected areas (core habitat) in more open settlements (where are most abundant). Lions were less likely than spotted hyenas attack further from areas, while goat donkey was concentrated around homesteads compared cattle depredation. Leopards other predators higher density nearer water sources, reflecting their preference for goats sheep which generally remain near unless taken watering holes. Carnivores make trade‐offs between attacking where it is available (near settlements) risk detection retaliation humans lower (nearer wooded habitats, activity). These results have helped local mitigation strategies. They may also inform human–wildlife conflict at sites globally highlighting need understand species‐specific differences tailor solutions accordingly. Read free Plain Language Summary this article on Journal blog.

Language: Английский

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Assessing spatio-temporal patterns of human-wildlife conflicts in a human-dominated landscape: a case study from Iran

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(13), P. 4239 - 4257

Published: July 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Identifying the Risk Regions of Wild Boar (Sus scrofa) Incidents in China

Animals, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(20), P. 3186 - 3186

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

The objectives of this study were to identify the risk regions wild boar incidents in China and draw a map. Risk maps can be used plan prioritization preventive measures, increasing management effectiveness from both short- long-term perspective. We web crawler (web information access technology) obtain reports China's largest search engine (Baidu) obtained 196 valid geographic locations reports. Subsequently, system environmental variables-with climate, topography, landscape, human disturbance as main variable types-was constructed, based on human-land-system thinking. Finally, Maxent model was applied predict space by integrating location for with variables. observed that types variables contributed descending order climate (40.5%) > (25.2%) landscape (24.4%) topography (9.8%). Among 14 variables, annual precipitation, GDP index, mean temperature distance woodland, cultivated land, elevation secondary response curves demonstrated highest probability occurred when average 16 °C, precipitation 800 mm, altitudes 150 m 1800 m. decreased an increase forested increased sharply then levelled off index. Approximately 12.18% identified being at high incidents, mainly eastern side Huhuanyong Line.

Language: Английский

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Patterns of livestock loss associated with a recolonizing wolf population in Germany

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 3

Published: Dec. 12, 2022

Predation on livestock presents a daunting challenge for human–carnivore coexistence in agricultural landscapes. In Germany, the recolonization of wolves is ongoing and its consequences are insufficiently understood. Knowledge about which species susceptible to wolf predation, farm types predisposed attacks by wolves, when predation occurs valuable mitigating stakeholder conflicts. To this end, we analyzed 14 years monitoring data assessed prey spectrum, identified correlates between livestock, type category, described temporal patterns loss caused recolonizing population state Brandenburg (Germany). Among total 1387 recorded cases, 42% were unequivocally attributed (SCALP criteria C1 C2) 12% cases not wolves. The number head killed during single attack was mediated species; losses per event greater full-time farms vs. other sheep, farmed deer species, compared cattle. While sheep most commonly increase territories over investigation period associated with widening domestic spectrum. Count regression models provided evidence increasing frequency events 14-year period, along an exponential territories. occurred throughout year, yet seasonality evident differed across categories. peaked fall, coinciding post-weaning offspring. cattle spring, calving period. These results call renewed investment implementation prevention methods all particularly times elevated risk.

Language: Английский

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Spatial and seasonal variation of livestock depredation by large carnivores in the Pamir Mountains of northern Pakistan

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(7)

Published: May 19, 2023

Abstract The livestock depredation by large carnivores is a main cause for increasing human–wildlife conflicts (HWCs) and one of the prime challenges carnivore's conservation major economic concern to livestock‐dependent communities around wildlife habitats. Thus, understanding patterns trends may contribute better mechanisms underlying HWCs mitigating HWCs. characterized are prevalent in northern Pakistan, but poorly investigated. This study was conducted 2018 Khunjerab Valley Shimshal Pamir region evaluate spatial seasonal variation impact carnivores. Data were collected on its associated through semi‐structured interviews randomly selected households two valleys. more susceptible carnivores’ (233 heads per year) than (125 year). reflective difference socio‐economic conditions physical locations between More took place winter Valley, while occurred summer mainly because different grazing systems total loss incurred due US$ 76,063 as compared 34,175 2018. average household 950.8, accounting nearly 30% annual income A higher proportion participants (83%) comparison (69%) expressed negative attitude towards wild concludes that remotely located having comparatively marginal opportunities, reliant agro‐pastoralism thus vulnerable repercussions such measures improvement road transportation management urgent need manage Valley.

Language: Английский

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