Marijuana Liberalization Policies and Perinatal Health DOI Open Access
Angélica Meinhofer, Allison Witman, Jesse M. Hinde

et al.

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

We studied the effect of marijuana liberalization policies on perinatal health with a multiperiod difference-in-differences estimator that exploited variation in effective dates medical laws (MML) and recreational (RML).We found proportion maternal hospitalizations use disorder increased by 23% (0.3 percentage points) first three years after RML implementation, larger effects states authorizing commercial sales marijuana.This growth was accompanied 7% (0.4 decline tobacco hospitalizations, yielding net zero over all substance hospitalizations.RMLs were not associated changes newborn health.MMLs had no significant nor fairly small could be ruled out.In absolute numbers, our findings implied modest or adverse array outcomes considered.

Language: Английский

Identification of cannabinoids in post-mortem blood samples from the province of New Brunswick before and after recreational cannabis legalization DOI
Alexander Jordan,

Ali Sherazi,

Andrew J. Flewelling

et al.

International Journal of Drug Policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 103, P. 103629 - 103629

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

4
Possible unintended consequences for pregnant women of legalizing cannabis use DOI Open Access
Qiana L. Brown, Deborah S. Hasin

Addiction, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 115(8), P. 1411 - 1412

Published: Nov. 20, 2019

Cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with poor maternal and child health outcomes. However, its prevalence increasing in the United States Canada while perceived risk of cannabis appears to be decreasing. This may an adverse unintended consequence legalization. Studies humans other species suggest that low birth weight 1, 2, neurodevelopmental deficits (e.g. impaired memory reasoning infants children) 2 anemia 1. Determining extent cannabis-related risks complicated by a lack longitudinal studies representative samples control for alcohol, tobacco, substance socio-environmental characteristics. Nevertheless, given current evidence, American College Obstetricians Gynecologists, Academy Pediatrics recent US Surgeon General's advisory recommend physicians screen counsel women on use, advise abstain 3. these recommendations are being made within context which policies beliefs about becoming increasingly permissive available. explain trends among pregnant some countries 4-7. more than doubled since 2002, rising from estimated 2.4% 4 approximately 5.0% 2016 5. Among experiencing nausea vomiting (i.e. morning sickness), even prevalent, 6.5% 2009 11.1% 7. In Canada, have increased slightly, 1.2% 2012 1.8% 2017 6. A possible explanation prenatal Thirty-three states District Columbia (DC) legalized medical 8. Additionally, 6, Uruguay 9, 11 DC 8 recreational use. Laws allow appear been increases general adult population 10, as well rate treatment 11. Furthermore, biochemically verified 12 consequences 13 self-reported reflect real increase number who rather artifact honest reporting post-legalization. Decreased perception also Legalizing access availability cannabis, particularly via dispensaries. It dispensaries offering advice regarding contrary public clinical 14, leading believe safe. States, 2005 2015 probability no regular 13.0% (from 3.5 16.5%) were not users, 39.6% 25.8 65.4%) used past month 15. perceive safe remedy sickness, especially misinformation internet safety benefits 14. one state-wide study, majority was found treating sickness; likely retail make this recommendation; third all 41.0% told callers—who stated they weeks sickness—that Economic gains legalization put profit motive at odds messages aiming prevent Social consequences, similar those alcohol civil commitment; mandatory welfare agencies) 16, result pregnancy. For example, many consider abuse 17 punishable law. These laws disproportionately affect low-income, minority due discrimination 17. Few criminalize do such onus fetal mother, without accounting socioenvironmental factors promote behaviors laws, dispensaries, widespread cannabis). Individuals their social environments inextricably linked 18. Therefore, continue legalize identifying preventing potential will critical. To optimal health, should (and substance) preconception, lactation. Health-care providers support endeavors respectfully providing education referring when needed, opposed using punitive measures. part best practices, required post warning signs—similar 16—on include work National Center Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) grants KL2TR003018 (Q.L.B.) UL1TR003017 awarded New Jersey Alliance Clinical Science - NCATS Awards (CTSA) Program hub Rutgers, The State University Institute Drug Abuse grant R01DA048860 (D.S.H.) York Psychiatric (D.S.H.).

Language: Английский

Citations

5
Predictors of Participation in Prenatal Substance Use Assessment, Counseling, and Treatment Among Pregnant Individuals in Prenatal Settings Who Use Cannabis DOI Creative Commons
Gwen T. Lapham, W. Felicia, Kelly C. Young‐Wolff

et al.

Journal of Addiction Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 15, 2024

Objectives Assessment and counseling are recommended for individuals with prenatal cannabis use. We examined characteristics that predict substance use assessment among who screened positive in settings. Methods Electronic health record data from Kaiser Permanente Northern California’s Early Start perinatal screening, assessment, program was used to identify ≥1 pregnancies Outcomes included completion of a those assessed, attendance only or Addiction Medicine Recovery Services (AMRS) treatment. Predictors demographics past-year psychiatric disorder diagnoses evaluated GEE multinomial logistic regression. Results The sample 17,782 20,398 (1/2011–12/2021). Most (80.3%) had an assessment. Individuals Medicaid, anxiety, depression tobacco disorders, compared without, higher odds greater parity, older age (≥35) later trimesters, lower Among 64% (n = 10,469) needing intervention based on most (88%) attended AMRS (with without Start). Greater parity trimester associated odds, while Medicaid counseling. Nearly all diagnosed disorders were Conclusions A comprehensive engaged pregnant Opportunities improve care gaps remain.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Medical marijuana laws, substance use treatment admissions and the ecological fallacy DOI Open Access
Theodore L. Caputi

Addiction, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 115(1), P. 188 - 189

Published: Nov. 13, 2019

Sir: Meinhofer et al. 1 analyzes administrative data from state medical marijuana laws and substance use treatment admissions in an ecological study design to show that are associated with state-level increases marijuana, alcohol cocaine among pregnant women. While these findings provocative, the utility of analyses assessing effects is severely limited this study's results could reflect bias, rather than individual-level effect. Ecological studies susceptible a bias commonly referred as ‘ecological fallacy’—the (often implied) assumption correlations occurring at population-level parallel individual level 2. This sometimes true, but not always; indeed, exist when analysing may or even be reversed data. Researchers must reliably discern effect use, exposure. Concern over fallacy correlating have been expressed several times research literature 3-7, invokes same concern. As using data, should used evidence individual's correlated increased likelihood enters treatment. Why, then, still regularly published? First, all inappropriate. For example, exposure universally affects population interest (e.g. almost cigarette smokers affected by tax increases), capture risk. generally case for marijuana; only approximately 2.5% adults states actually rest unlikely experience significant health benefits consequences legalization 8. The present focus on strengthen reliability its results, users probably disproportionately marijuana-related laws; however, far universal. Further, some argue act preliminary provoke further investigation. However, researchers cognizant (a) lay people equipped conclusive peer-reviewed (b) advocates both sides debate often disseminate headlines support their viewpoint (regardless rigour usually omitting any limitations). Consequently, take care clearly communicate limitations work or, failing that, choose publish such results. In case, researchers, policymakers public well informed correlation observed between admission fallacy, use. T.L.C. reports conducting paid analytics Smart Approaches Marijuana (SAM), 501(c) (3) educational non-profit organization. manuscript was funded SAM, SAM holds no control what publishes.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
Marijuana Liberalization Policies and Perinatal Health DOI Open Access
Angélica Meinhofer, Allison Witman, Jesse M. Hinde

et al.

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

We studied the effect of marijuana liberalization policies on perinatal health with a multiperiod difference-in-differences estimator that exploited variation in effective dates medical laws (MML) and recreational (RML).We found proportion maternal hospitalizations use disorder increased by 23% (0.3 percentage points) first three years after RML implementation, larger effects states authorizing commercial sales marijuana.This growth was accompanied 7% (0.4 decline tobacco hospitalizations, yielding net zero over all substance hospitalizations.RMLs were not associated changes newborn health.MMLs had no significant nor fairly small could be ruled out.In absolute numbers, our findings implied modest or adverse array outcomes considered.

Language: Английский

Citations

1