Direct seeding of 16 Brazilian savanna trees: responses to seed burial, mulching and an invasive grass

Applied Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 20(3), P. 410 - 421

Published: Feb. 17, 2017

Abstract Aims To address whether seed and seedling functional traits have a significant effect on germination rates survival in direct‐seeding restoration efforts. We tested the hypotheses that: (1) burial only favours emergence of round seeds; (2) straw mulching improves soil moisture prevents invasive grass Urochloa decumbens , promoting establishment native tree seedlings. Location Experimental field, Central Brazil. Savanna, recently dominated by exotic pasture. Methods evaluated effects (surface buried) (no‐mulch, 5‐cm mulch 10‐cm mulch) emergence, growth 16 species Cerrado with variable sizes shapes types. Thirty seeds each were sown per treatment combination three blocks. Results Seed did not affect seeds, but negatively affected flat phanerocotylar–epigeal–foliaceous Straw reduced phanerocotylar seedlings, increased strongly U. resulting higher rate seedlings up to 1 yr for five species. Conclusion Direct seeding is an effective technique plant mixture restoration, provided well prepared there are mechanisms control

Language: Английский

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Enrichment planting to restore degraded tropical forest fragments in Brazil

Ecosystems and People, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 3 - 10

Published: Nov. 14, 2018

In tropical areas with high levels of fragmentation due to agricultural use, forest fragments play an important role for biodiversity conservation at the landscape scale. But these are subject recurrent disturbances, which lead arrested succession and loss functional groups. such cases, active restoration, as enrichment planting, could facilitate recovery. We studied planting methods restore in Brazilian Atlantic Forest, we evaluated costs implement them field. planted four later successional tree species seeds, small seedlings, large seedlings three remnants embedded a dominated by sugarcane plantations. Overall, survival was low using all severe drought during study period, there were no differences seedling or growth across sites. Direct seeding least expensive technique but successful only one large-seeded species, Hymenaea courbaril. Large survived better than did suggesting that additional cost growing is warranted enhance success. Our results highlight combination level likely increase restoration success.EDITED BY John Parrotta

Language: Английский

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Optimizing seeding density of fast‐growing native trees for restoring the Brazilian Atlantic Forest

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 212 - 219

Published: Oct. 4, 2017

Direct seeding is a promising method for reducing restoration costs, but methodological adjustments are still needed to reduce the uncertainties achieve desired seedling density in field. Here, we investigated technical approaches and outcomes of direct fast‐growing native trees cost‐effective Brazilian Atlantic Forest. Sixteen tree species were manually sown at three densities planting lines prepared with subsoiler, two experimental areas, which weeded hoes had leaf‐cutter ants controlled insecticide baits. Seedling was monitored 30, 90, 180 days after sowing. No substantial change observed 30 sowing, thus allowing fast corrective actions adjust density. Only minor proportion viable seeds resulted established seedlings (4–12% community; approximately 25% best performance). However, high (6,000 on average; 1,400–13,000 trees/ha) allowed an effective canopy development. Overall, linearly positively associated density, highly influenced by used, higher soil sum bases. Buying would be, most species, less costly than buying nursery‐grown achieving expected These results evidence potential as well need select better performance optimize use this method.

Language: Английский

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Weed control, large seeds and deep roots: Drivers of success in direct seeding for savanna restoration

Applied Vegetation Science, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(3), P. 406 - 416

Published: April 15, 2020

Abstract Aim We aimed to evaluate the performance of native tree species in restoration savanna vegetation by direct seeding, assess whether weed control and intercropping with grasses can contribute success this method determine be explained functional traits. Location Cerrado biome, southeastern Brazil. Old fields abandoned after decades land use as pasture or croplands, occupied ruderal plants invasive grasses. Methods established a seeding experiment ten cerrado (Brazilian savanna) region. used factorial design five blocks, following factors: (a) species; (b) (c) evaluated emergence, survival growth plants, through multiple regressions we sought explain based on their Results Emergence field varied widely among but little no difference between treatments. Growth was compromised competition all species. Intercropping did not decrease competition. found pattern associated where is positively seed mass, root depth greater root:shoot ratio. Conclusion Weed impairs seedling more than survival, considerably delaying seeding. The will depend that are best adapted environments water stress main obstacle overcome have large seeds seedlings deep system. Characterizing underground systems essential for predicting

Language: Английский

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Cyanobacteria as a Nature-Based Biotechnological Tool for Restoring Salt-Affected Soils

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 10(9), P. 1321 - 1321

Published: Sept. 3, 2020

Soil salinization poses an important threat to terrestrial ecosystems and is expected increase as a consequence of climate change anthropogenic pressures. Conventional methods such salt-leaching or application soil amendments, nature-based solutions (NBSs) phytoremediation, have been widely adopted with contrasting results. The use cyanobacteria for improving conditions has emerged novel biotechnological tool ecosystem restoration due the unique features these organisms, e.g., ability fix carbon nitrogen promote stabilisation. Cyanobacteria distribute over wide range salt concentrations several species can adapt fluctuating salinity conditions. Their in agricultural saline remediation demonstrated, mostly laboratory studies, but there lack research regarding their natural restoration. In this article, we provide overview current knowledge on context Examples alleviating salt-stress plants soils are presented. Furthermore, acknowledge gaps extensive salt-affected discuss challenges NBSs

Language: Английский

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