SARS-CoV-2 and Coronavirus Disease Mitigation: Treatment Options, Vaccinations and Variants

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 275 - 275

Published: Feb. 20, 2022

COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which was declared as pandemic after it emerged in China 2019. A vast international effort has been conducted to prevent and treat due its high transmissibility severe morbidity mortality rates, particularly individuals with chronic co-morbidities. In addition, polymorphic variants increased the need for proper vaccination overcome infectivity of new that are emerging across globe. Many treatment options have proposed more than 25 vaccines various stages development; however, infection peaks oscillating periodically, raises significant question about effectiveness prevention measures persistence this disease. review, we exploring most recent knowledge advances well 2019-nCoV possible mitigation one aggressive pandemics last centuries.

Language: Английский

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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressants reduce COVID-19 infection: prospects for use

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 78(10), P. 1601 - 1611

Published: Aug. 9, 2022

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of molnupiravir (EIDD-2801) efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 in the rhesus macaque model

Antiviral Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 105492 - 105492

Published: Dec. 16, 2022

Molnupiravir (EIDD-2801) is a prodrug of ribonucleoside analogue that currently being used under US FDA emergency use authorization for the treatment mild to moderate COVID-19. We evaluated molnupiravir efficacy as an oral in rhesus macaque model SARS-CoV-2 infection. Twenty non-human primates (NHPs) were challenged with and treated 75 mg/kg (n = 8) or 250 twice daily by gavage 7 days. The NHPs observed 14 days post-challenge monitored clinical signs disease. After challenge, all groups showed trend toward increased respiration rates. Treatment significantly reduced viral RNA levels bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) samples at Days 10. Considering nature infection model, this study highlights importance monitoring load lung indicator pharmaceutical COVID-19 treatments. Additionally, provides evidence which supplements current ongoing trials drug.

Language: Английский

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An Update on SARS-CoV-2 Clinical Trial Results—What We Can Learn for the Next Pandemic

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 354 - 354

Published: Dec. 26, 2023

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has claimed over 7 million lives worldwide, providing a stark reminder of the importance preparedness. Due to lack approved antiviral drugs effective against coronaviruses at start pandemic, world largely relied on repurposed efforts. Here, we summarise results from randomised controlled trials date, as well selected in vitro data directly acting antivirals, host-targeting and immunomodulatory drugs. Overall, repurposing efforts evaluating antivirals targeting other viral families were unsuccessful, whereas several led clinical improvement hospitalised patients with severe disease. In addition, accelerated drug discovery during progressed multiple novel efficacy, including small molecule inhibitors monoclonal antibodies. We argue that large-scale investment is required prepare for future pandemics; both develop an arsenal broad-spectrum beyond build worldwide trial networks can be rapidly utilised.

Language: Английский

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A systematic review and meta-analysis, investigating dose and time of fluvoxamine treatment efficacy for COVID-19 clinical deterioration, death, and Long-COVID complications

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: June 12, 2024

Abstract There have been 774,075,242 cases of COVID-19 and 7,012,986 deaths worldwide as January 2024. In the early stages pandemic, there was an urgent need to reduce severity disease prevent for hospitalization avoid stress on healthcare systems worldwide. The repurposing drugs clinical deterioration patients trialed in many studies using different drugs. Fluvoxamine (an SSRI sigma-1 receptor agonist) initially identified potentially provide beneficial effects COVID-19-infected patients, preventing hospitalization. Fourteen carried out date, with seven those being randomized placebo-controlled studies. This systematic review meta-analysis covers literature from outbreak SARS-CoV-2 late 2019 until Search terms related fluvoxamine, such its trade names chemical names, along words COVID-19, coronavirus, were used databases including PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, ClinicalTrials.gov database NIH, identify trials subsequent analysis. Clinical death data extracted these where available meta-analysis. A total 7153 studied across 14 (both open-label double-blind placebo-controlled). 681 3553 (19.17%) standard care group 255 3600 (7.08%) fluvoxamine-treated experienced deterioration. estimated average log odds ratio 1.087 (95% CI 0.200 1.973), which differed significantly zero (z = 2.402, p 0.016). resulted a 0.359 0.1111 0.5294), 3.103, 0.002). results this study fluvoxamine effective deterioration, subgrouping analysis suggests that earlier treatment dose 200 mg or above provides best outcomes. We hope outcomes can help design future into respiratory viral infections improve

Language: Английский

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