Highly‐Efficient Differentiation of Reactive Lymphocytes in Peripheral Blood Using Multi‐Object Detection Network With Large Kernels

Microscopy Research and Technique, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 6, 2025

Reactive lymphocytes are an important type of leukocytes, which morphologically transformed from lymphocytes. The increase in these cells is usually a sign certain virus infections, so their detection plays role the fight against diseases. Manual reactive undoubtedly time-consuming and labor-intensive, requiring high level professional knowledge. Therefore, it highly necessary to conduct research into computer-assisted diagnosis. With development deep learning technology field computer vision, more models being applied medical imaging. We aim propose advanced multi-object network apply practical scenarios lymphocyte other leukocyte detection. First, we introduce space-to-depth convolution (SPD-Conv), enhances model's ability detect dense small objects. Next, design dynamic large kernel attention (DLKA) mechanism, enabling model better context various clinical scenarios. Lastly, brand-new feature fusion network, asymptotic pyramid (AFPN), strengthens fuse multi-scale features. Our ultimately achieves mAP50 0.918 for 0.907 all while also demonstrating good interpretability. In addition, new peripheral blood cell dataset, providing data support subsequent related work. summary, our work takes significant step forward

Language: Английский

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A Review of the Hematological Picture of Severe COVID-19 Infection

Cureus, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

Numerous hematological abnormalities have been documented in COVID-19 patients. We conducted an analysis of 82 articles from PubMed, focusing on the characteristics observed survivors (S) and non-survivors (NS) with moderate severe symptoms, respectively. Our review underlines neutrophilia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia as hallmark features disease. In cases, blood cell microscopy revealed following abnormalities: i) increased number neutrophils, often displaying granularity, toxic granulation, vacuolization; ii) lymphocytes a notably blue cytoplasm; iii) several monocytes that contain vacuoles; iv) platelet aggregation; v) basophilic stippling red cells. Furthermore, scattergram patients two common features: neutrophil population presence distinctive "sandglass pattern". This underscores critical role hematochemical cytomorphological patients, aiding clinicians better recognizing understanding indicators disease severity.

Language: Английский

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Impact of Immunosuppression on Immune Cell Dynamics in COVID-19: A Serial Comparison of Leukocyte Data in Healthy and Immunocompromised Patients Before and After Infection

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(9), P. 3223 - 3223

Published: May 6, 2025

Background: The significance of cell population data (CPD) and leukocyte scattergrams in COVID-19 has not been fully established, partly due to the absence serial monitoring before after SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study first examined changes these parameters non-immunosuppressed subjects over course Subsequently, findings were compared with those observed patients who immunosuppressed assess impact immunosuppression. Methods: In total, 48 analyzed. Complete blood count (CBC) results CPD assessed using a Sysmex XN-9000 hematological analyzer. Results: control IST groups had similar clinical characteristics regarding severity baseline CBC CPD. WBC neutrophil counts showed no significant immediately post onset; however, they decreased group increased group. Platelet transiently on days 3–5 both groups. group’s lymphocyte significantly dropped, but their lymphocyte-related remained unchanged. experienced delayed recovery reduced DNA/RNA content size diversity. Scattergrams onset an increase clusters, particularly juvenile lymphocytes, group, while mature neutrophils immature increased. Conversely, percentage Both minimal plasmacytoid clusters onset. Conclusions: Immunosuppression impairs mobilization, which may susceptibility viral impacts potentially worsen prognosis by increasing risk

Language: Английский

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Dynamics of enzymatic activity in primary culture of Syrian hamster adherent leukocytes <i>ex vivo</i> infected with SARS-CoV-2

Journal of microbiology epidemiology immunobiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 102(2), P. 168 - 178

Published: May 12, 2025

Introduction. The continued epidemic relevance of SARS-CoV-2, even after the end associated COVID-19 pandemic in 2023, necessitates further study interaction this virus with first line cellular defense, neutrophils. aim was to determine enzymatic activity peripheral blood leukocytes Syrian hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) dynamics ex vivo SARS-CoV-2 infection, which characterizes microbicidal potential innate immunity cells. Materials and methods. SARS-CoV-2/Vladivostok/R-8726/2021 strain used at infectious doses 3 lg (TCID50/mL) 2 (TCID50 is 50% tissue cytopathic dose for Vero E6 cell line); contact time infecting virus-containing liquid culture 1 h. number viable cells adherent leukocyte counted using an inverted microscope equipped a digital camera MCView program. specific (per cell) activities adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), 5′-nucleotidase (adenosine monophosphatase, AMPase), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), succinate (SDH), myeloperoxidase (MPO) cytochrome oxidase (CCO) were determined spectrophotometrically incubation substrates infected uninfected cultures 1, 16, 24, 48 h inoculation. Results. inoculation, compared leukocytes, as follows: ATPase, MPO decreased, AMPase, LDH, SDH increased; 16 increased, ATPase CCO initial level, i.e. approximately level control; 24 AMPase SDH, MPO, level; level. Changes depend on correlate accumulation medium. Conclusion. revealed primary indicates decrease course infection.

Language: Английский

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Morphological abnormalities of peripheral blood cells among patients with COVID-19 disease

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(2), P. e24527 - e24527

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

PurposeThe hematological changes in COVID-19 patients continue to receive great attention, especially the field of public health. To our knowledge, coronavirus disease may be identified based on severity illness, and study peripheral blood smears offer important information facilitate identification. Thus, we evaluated morphological abnormalities (atypical immature lymphocytes, lymphocytes with micronuclei, various nuclear among erythrocytes) quantitative cells 48 individuals disease.MethodsThe present is a retrospective analysis individuals, including 24 hospitalized diagnosed disease. The all were subjected examination identify white red cells. In addition, micronucleus test was conducted assess incidence chromosomal damage lymphocytes. Furthermore, complete count (CBC) performed evaluate cells, particularly differential total leukocyte count, which could indicate immune response against viral infection patients.ResultsThe findings revealed neutrophilia, eosinophilia, mild monocytosis, decreased hematocrit level, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), leukocytes. It observed that who infected demonstrated thrombocytopenia. indicated presence micronuclei numerous These results help shed light occur patients, potentially contribute development more effective treatments for disease.ConclusionsThe counts (CBCs) conjunction offers potential means identifying impact SARS-CoV-2 hematopoietic systems, thereby providing early indications inflammation. Based study, it has been suggested affect causing alterations establishing corresponding relationship severity.

Language: Английский

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It’s in the blood: a review of the hematological system in SARS-CoV-2-associated COVID-19

Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 60(8), P. 595 - 624

Published: July 13, 2023

The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to an unprecedented global healthcare crisis. While SARS-CoV-2-associated COVID-19 affects primarily the system, patients with frequently develop extrapulmonary manifestations. Notably, changes in hematological including lymphocytopenia, neutrophilia and significant abnormalities hemostatic markers, were observed early pandemic. Hematological manifestations have since been recognized as important parameters pathophysiology SARS-CoV-2 management COVID-19. In this narrative review, we summarize state-of-the-art regarding COVID-19, well current understanding system chronic

Language: Английский

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An early warning indicator of mortality risk in patients with COVID-19: the neutrophil extracellular traps/neutrophilic segmented granulocyte ratio

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 29, 2024

Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a key role in thrombus formation patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the existing detection and observation methods for NETs are limited their ability to provide quantitative, convenient, accurate descriptions of situ NETs. Therefore, establishing quantitative description relationship between thrombosis remains challenge. Objective We employed morphological observations blood cells statistical analyses investigate correlation NETs/neutrophilic segmented granulocyte ratio mortality risk COVID-19. Methods Peripheral samples were collected from 117 hospitalized COVID-19 November 2022 February 2023, various cell parameters measured. Two types smudge observed counted: lymphatic neutral cells. Statistical data analysis was used establish assessment indicators. Results Morphological neutrophilic revealed swelling, eruption, neutrophil nuclei. Subsequently, (NNSR) calculated. A high concentration poses fatal patients. indicated that NNSR more suitable evaluating death compared elevated fibrinogen (FIB) D-dimer (DD) levels. Conclusion Observing morphology is an effective method NETs, important markers revealing

Language: Английский

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MDS-Type Morphologic Abnormalities of Peripheral Blood Granulocytes in Symptomatic COVID-19 Patients

International Journal of Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 21, 2024

Hematological abnormalities in COVID-19 infection included quantitative and qualitative changes should be further characterized. Evaluation for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) is usually prompted by abnormal hematologic findings the presence of dysplastic morphologies. Viral infections are considered to cause morphologies morphologists. There few reports patients with infection. However, such correlations still have clarified.

Language: Английский

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Red blood cell distribution width-to-monocyte ratio for predicting 90-day mortality of COVID-19 in patients with chronic kidney disease during the Omicron period: a prospective single-center study

Renal Failure, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 46(2)

Published: Aug. 23, 2024

We aimed to test whether red blood cell distribution width (RDW) monocyte percentage ratio (RMR) was associated with the acute-phase prognosis of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in chronic kidney (CKD) patients. Prospective enrollment and 90-day follow-up CKD patients COVID-19 were conducted from December 1, 2022 January 31, 2023. Demographics, clinical data, laboratory radiographic findings collected, multiple logistic regression, subgroup analysis, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis performed. A total 218 enrolled, a mean age 59 years 69.7% being male. The mortality rate 24.8%. lnRMR level 5.18 (4.91-5.43) emerged as an independent risk factor (OR: 3.01, 95% CI: 1.72-5.85). lnRMR-mortality association consistent across sex, age, stage, vaccination, comorbidity subgroups. area under ROC 0.737 (95% 0.655-0.819). Our indicate that is simple practical predictor for identifying high-risk during acute phase COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Features of laboratory indicators in cancer patients with COVID‑19, staying in the intensive care unit

Medical alphabet, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23, P. 66 - 69

Published: Nov. 6, 2024

Objective: Comparative analysis of laboratory blood parameters in patients with COVID‑19 without and oncopathology, who are the intensive care unit. Materials methods. A total 118 people had were examined. The main group consisted 54 various malignant neoplasms, control – 64 oncological pathology. Laboratory a complete count (hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets) biochemical test (total protein, bilirubin, urea, creatinine, ferritin) Results. Before treatment, average hemoglobin level was 117.8±5.3 g/l, 134.5±1.9 g/l (p=0.008), protein 62.0±1.6 67.9±0.9 respectively (p=0.005). After cancer remained lower (112.1±5.2 g/l) than (130.1±1.8 p=0.004), as well (60.0±2.0 versus 66.3±0.9 p=0.004). Also, after statistically significantly (p=0.0001) levels lymphocytes (1.3±0.1 cells/ml) found 2.0±0.1 cells/ml. Conclusion. Cancer reduced hemoglobin, before treatment for COVID‑19. Increased leukocytes also noted, which requires enhanced monitoring their condition.

Language: Английский

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