Sea shell diversity and rapidly evolving secretomes: insights into the evolution of biomineralization

Frontiers in Zoology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: June 7, 2016

An external skeleton is an essential part of the body plan many animals and thought to be one key factors that enabled great expansion in animal diversity disparity during Cambrian explosion. Molluscs are considered ideal study evolution biomineralization because their highly complex, robust patterned shells. The molluscan shell forms externally at interface environment, involves controlled deposition calcium carbonate within a framework macromolecules secreted from dorsal mantle epithelium. Despite its deep conservation Mollusca, capable producing incredible patterns, macro- micro-architectures. Here we review recent developments field biomineralization, focusing on genes expressed encode proteins. so-called secretome appears regulate patterning some cases becomes matrix. Recent transcriptomic proteomic studies have revealed marked differences secretomes even closely-related molluscs; these typically exceed expected based characteristics shell. All surveyed date include novel encoding lineage-restricted proteins unique combinations co-opted ancient genes. A surprisingly large proportion both containing simple repetitive motifs or domains often modular construction. These low complexity (RLCDs) appear further promote evolvability secretome, resulting domain shuffling, loss. RLCD families evolve via slippage other mechanisms associated with sequences. As analogous types biomineralizing tissues animals, insights into underlying formation may applied more broadly understanding metazoan biomineralization.

Language: Английский

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Antimicrobial peptides from marine animals: Sources, structures, mechanisms and the potential for drug development

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria has become a major challenge in current clinical treatment. As essential natural molecules involved innate immunity, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have the potential to break limits antibiotic resistance. While AMPs are widely presented various organisms on this planet, marine environment is unique generating large number that exhibit characteristic structures and functions. This review summarizes mechanisms action derived from invertebrates, fish, amphibians, reptiles, mammals ocean. comparison different habitats demonstrates preference Arg (arginine) Leu (leucine) AMPs, which might be associated with adaptation features bacterial membranes environments. In addition, applications for development novel antibiotics also described. These summaries expected provide reference utilization resources drug or aquiculture.

Language: Английский

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Evolution and Function of the Notch Signaling Pathway: An Invertebrate Perspective

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(6), P. 3322 - 3322

Published: March 15, 2024

The highly conserved Notch signaling pathway affects embryonic development, neurogenesis, homeostasis, tissue repair, immunity, and numerous other essential processes. Although previous studies have demonstrated the location function of core components in various animal phyla, a more comprehensive summary lower organisms is still required. In this review, we objectively summarize molecular features constituents, their current expression profiles, functions invertebrates, with emphasis on effects neurogenesis regeneration. We also analyze evolution facets hope that contents review will be useful to interested researchers.

Language: Английский

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Element and carotenoid contents in the oyster Crassostrea gigas (Thunberg, 1793) with different shell pigmentation intensities

Aquaculture International, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 33(2)

Published: Jan. 2, 2025

Language: Английский

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Transcriptional profiling of long non-coding RNAs in mantle of Crassostrea gigas and their association with shell pigmentation

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: Jan. 17, 2018

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in diverse biological processes and have drawn extensive attention the past few years. However, lncRNAs remain poorly understood about expression Crassostrea gigas, a potential model organism for marine molluscan studies. Here, we systematically identified mantles of C. gigas from four full-sib families characterized by white, black, golden, partially pigmented shell. Using poly(A)-independent strand-specific RNA-seq, total 441,205,852 clean reads 12,243 lncRNA transcripts were obtained. LncRNA relatively short with exons low levels comparison to protein coding mRNA transcripts. A 427 349 mRNAs differentially express among six pairwise groups, mainly involving biomineralization pigmentation through functional enrichment. Furthermore, 6 their cis-acting predicted involve synthesis melanin, carotenoid, tetrapyrrole, or ommochrome. Of them, chorion peroxidase its lincRNA TCONS_00951105 are implicated playing an essential role melanin synthetic pathway. Our studies provided first systematic characterization catalog expressed oyster mantle, which may facilitate understanding molecular regulation shell colour diversity provide new insights into future selective breeding aquaculture.

Language: Английский

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Micro-CT for Biological and Biomedical Studies: A Comparison of Imaging Techniques

Journal of Imaging, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 172 - 172

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Several imaging techniques are used in biological and biomedical studies. Micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) is a non-destructive technique that allows the rapid digitisation of internal external structures sample three dimensions with great resolution. In this review, strengths weaknesses some common applied fields, such as optical microscopy, confocal laser scanning electron presented compared micro-CT through five use cases. Finally, ability to create non-destructively 3D anatomical morphological data sub-micron resolution necessity develop complementary methods other techniques, order overcome limitations caused by each technique, emphasised.

Language: Английский

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The genome of the venomous snail Lautoconus ventricosus sheds light on the origin of conotoxin diversity

GigaScience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(5)

Published: May 1, 2021

Abstract Background Venoms are deadly weapons to subdue prey or deter predators that have evolved independently in many animal lineages. The genomes of venomous animals essential understand the evolutionary mechanisms involved origin and diversification venoms. Results Here, we report chromosome-level genome Mediterranean cone snail, Lautoconus ventricosus (Caenogastropoda: Conidae). total size assembly is 3.59 Gb; it has high contiguity (N50 = 93.53 Mb) 86.6 Mb assembled into 35 largest scaffolds pseudochromosomes. On basis venom gland transcriptomes, annotated 262 complete genes encoding conotoxin precursors, hormones, other venom-related proteins. These were scattered different pseudochromosomes located within repetitive regions. precursors normally structured 3 exons, which did not necessarily coincide with structural domains corresponding Additionally, found evidence L. for a past whole-genome duplication event by means conserved gene synteny Pomacea canaliculata genome, only one available at chromosome level Caenogastropoda. was further confirmed presence duplicated hox cluster. Key gastropod biology including those proteins related development, shell formation, sex genome. Conclusions new high-quality should become reference assembling analyzing will contribute future genomic studies among animals.

Language: Английский

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A Bivalve Biomineralization Toolbox

Molecular Biology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 38(9), P. 4043 - 4055

Published: May 19, 2021

Abstract Mollusc shells are a result of the deposition crystalline and amorphous calcite catalyzed by enzymes shell matrix proteins (SMP). Developing detailed understanding bivalve mollusc biomineralization pathways is complicated not only multiplicity forms microstructures in this class, but also evolution associated domain co-option shuffling. In spite this, minimal toolbox comprising protein domains critical for production across species has been identified. Using matched pair design to reduce experimental noise from inter-individual variation, combined with damage-repair experiments database SMPs derived published works, were identified that likely be involved calcification. Eighteen new, shared processes related calcification analysis genes expressed during repair Crassostrea gigas, Mytilus edulis, Pecten maximus. Genes ion transport as potentially either via maintenance cell acid–base balance or ions extrapallial space, site assembly. These data expand number candidate molluscs future functional studies define set required produce solid soluble calcium carbonate. This important molluscan evolution, impacts environmental change on processes, materials science, biomimicry research.

Language: Английский

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Absorption and fluorescence spectra of open-chain tetrapyrrole pigments–bilirubins, biliverdins, phycobilins, and synthetic analogues

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology C Photochemistry Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55, P. 100585 - 100585

Published: April 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Transcriptomic and Physiological Analysis Reveal Melanin Synthesis-Related Genes and Pathways in Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas)

Marine Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 26(2), P. 364 - 379

Published: March 14, 2024

Language: Английский

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