Recent advances in amniote palaeocolour reconstruction and a framework for future research

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 95(1), P. 22 - 50

Published: Sept. 19, 2019

Preserved melanin pigments have been discovered in fossilised integumentary appendages of several amniote lineages (fishes, frogs, snakes, marine reptiles, non-avialan dinosaurs, birds, and mammals) excavated from lagerstätten across the globe. Melanisation is a leading factor organic integument preservation these fossils. Melanin extant vertebrates typically stored rod- to sphere-shaped, lysosome-derived, membrane-bound vesicles called melanosomes. Black, dark brown, grey colours are produced by eumelanin, reddish-brown phaeomelanin. Specific morphotypes nanostructural arrangements melanosomes their relation keratin matrix create so-called 'structural colours'. Reconstruction colour patterns ancient animals has opened an exciting new avenue for studying life, behaviour ecology. Modern relationships between shape, arrangement, size avian melanosomes, chemistry, feather applied reconstruct hues isolated feathers plumages dinosaurs Anchiornis, Sinosauropteryx, Microraptor seminal papers that initiated field palaeocolour reconstruction. Since then, further research identified countershading camouflage patterns, informed subsequent predictions on ecology extinct animals. However, reconstruction remains nascent field, current approaches considerable potential refinement, standardisation, expansion. This includes detailed study non-melanic might be preserved integuments. A common issue among existing studies lack contextualisation different lines evidence wide variety techniques currently employed. To end, this review focused fossil amniotes: (i) produces overarching framework appropriately reconstructs accounting chemical signatures various pigments, morphology local arrangement pigment-bearing vesicles, pigment concentration, macroscopic taphonomy; (ii) provides background context evolution colour-producing mechanisms; (iii) encourages future efforts reconstructions particularly less-studied groups such as non-dinosaur archosaurs non-archosaur amniotes.

Language: Английский

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The primitive interferon-like system and its antiviral function in molluscs

Developmental & Comparative Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118, P. 103997 - 103997

Published: Jan. 13, 2021

Language: Английский

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Genome‐wide phylogeography reveals cryptic speciation in the circumglobal planktonic calcifier Limacina bulimoides

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(12), P. 3200 - 3219

Published: March 21, 2023

Little is known about when and how planktonic species arise persist in the open ocean without apparent dispersal barriers. Pteropods are snails with thin shells susceptible to dissolution that used as bio-indicators of acidification. However, distinct evolutionary units respond acidification differently, defining boundaries therefore crucial for predicting impact changing conditions. In this global population genomic study shelled pteropod Limacina bulimoides, we combined genetic (759,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms) morphometric data from 161 individuals, revealing three major lineages (FST = 0.29-0.41): an "Atlantic lineage" sampled across Atlantic, "Indo-Pacific North Pacific Indian Ocean, a "Pacific South Pacific. A time-calibrated phylogeny suggests diverged 1 million years ago, estimated effective size remaining high (~10 million) throughout Pleistocene glacial cycles. We do not observe any signatures recent hybridization, even areas sympatry While reproductively isolated, they morphologically cryptic, overlapping shell shape colour distributions. Despite showing circumglobal L. bulimoides consists multiple smaller ranges than initially thought, found these pteropods still possess levels variability. Our adds growing evidence speciation often overlooked ocean, presence biological within many other currently defined species.

Language: Английский

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Outer fold is sole effective tissue among three mantle folds with regard to oyster shell colour

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 241, P. 124655 - 124655

Published: April 28, 2023

Language: Английский

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Pigment Distribution and Secretion in the Mantle of the Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

Journal of Ocean University of China, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(3), P. 813 - 820

Published: May 13, 2023

Language: Английский

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