Adaptive introgression underlies polymorphic seasonal camouflage in snowshoe hares

Science, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 360(6395), P. 1355 - 1358

Published: June 21, 2018

Snowshoe hares (Lepus americanus) maintain seasonal camouflage by molting to a white winter coat, but some remain brown during the in regions with low snow cover. We show that cis-regulatory variation controlling expression of Agouti gene underlies this adaptive polymorphism. Genetic at clustered coat color across multiple hare and jackrabbit species, revealing history recurrent interspecific flow. Brown coats snowshoe likely originated from an introgressed black-tailed allele has swept high frequency mild environments. These discoveries introgression genetic variants underlie key ecological traits can seed past ongoing adaptation rapidly changing

Language: Английский

---

High Mountain Areas

Cambridge University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 131 - 202

Published: Feb. 2, 2022

A summary is not available for this content so a preview has been provided. As you have access to content, full PDF via the 'Save PDF' action button.

Language: Английский

---

Coloration in Mammals

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 35(4), P. 357 - 366

Published: Jan. 22, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Introgression drives repeated evolution of winter coat color polymorphism in hares

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 116(48), P. 24150 - 24156

Published: Nov. 11, 2019

Changing from summer-brown to winter-white pelage or plumage is a crucial adaptation seasonal snow in more than 20 mammal and bird species. Many of these species maintain nonwhite winter morphs, locally adapted less snowy conditions, which may have evolved independently. Mountain hares ( Lepus timidus ) Fennoscandia were introduced into the Faroe Islands 1855. While they initially winter-white, within ∼65 y all Faroese became winter-gray, morph that occurs source population at low frequency. The documented history makes this valuable model for understanding genetic basis evolution trait polymorphism. Through whole-genome scans differentiation single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping, we associated coat color genomic region pigmentation gene Agouti , previously linked introgression-driven variation snowshoe hare americanus ). Lower expression skin winter-gray individuals during autumn molt suggests regulatory changes underlie Variation shows signatures selective sweep population, suggesting positive selection drove fixation variant after introduction. Whole-genome analyses several revealed originated through introgression noncolor changing species, keeping with ancient hybridization between Our findings show recurrent role generating by repeatedly recruiting modulate change.

Language: Английский

---

Day-night and seasonal variation of human gene expression across tissues

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(2), P. e3001986 - e3001986

Published: Feb. 6, 2023

Circadian and circannual cycles trigger physiological changes whose reflection on human transcriptomes remains largely uncharted. We used the time season of death 932 individuals from GTEx to jointly investigate transcriptomic associated with those across multiple tissues. Overall, most variation tissues during day-night among seasons was unique each cycle. Although all remodeled their transcriptomes, brain gonadal exhibited highest seasonality, whereas in thoracic cavity showed stronger regulation. Core clock genes displayed marked differences tissues, which were conserved baboon mouse, but adapted nocturnal or diurnal habits. Seasonal expression affected pathways, it enriched immune response, consistent seasonality viral infections. Furthermore, they unveiled cytoarchitectural regions. Altogether, our results provide first combined atlas how adapt major cycling environmental conditions. This may have applications; for example, drug targets seasonal gene benefit temporally adjusted doses.

Language: Английский

---

Thermally managed and fireproof composite aerogels for safer and year-round energy saving

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 483, P. 149006 - 149006

Published: Jan. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

---

Dynamic color change in the grouper Variola louti during interspecific interactions and swimming

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 36(2)

Published: Jan. 20, 2025

Abstract Animals can change their body color for various ecological functions. In fish, rapid dynamic is primarily known in contexts of intraspecific communication and camouflage, while examples interspecific are rare. We studied changes associated behaviors the grouper Variola louti its native coral reef environment Red Sea. Using underwater videos to record natural color-calibrated still images measure colors, we quantified displays as brightness contrast three distinct patterns: patches, head stripe, side bars. V. exhibited a diverse range pattern displays, which rapidly transformed according behavioral shifts. A high-contrast stripe was observed when engaged agonistic interactions, but interestingly absent hunting alone or cooperation with moray eels. The louti’s contrasts patches bars were swimming behavior. Darker colors high expressed fish rested on bottom, whereas bright uniform displayed higher above reef. Our results suggest that utilizes camouflage competitive interactions. These findings highlight importance provide valuable insights into ecology animals.

Language: Английский

---

Climatic variation affects seasonal survival of an alpine bird species

Wildlife Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Mountains are particularly exposed to climate change, and empirical studies have shown that montane bird species highly sensitive the ongoing changes. Modelling mortality risks under climatic variation will give insight into species‐specific sensitivity. Willow ptarmigan Lagopus l. lagopus is a common resident in many northern alpine ecosystems, with an important role predator–prey dynamics. moult white feathers during autumn, which provides camouflage winter snow. With shorter periods of snow cover, phenological mismatch between cover moulting time may affect risk. Simultaneously, risk through limiting access nutrient‐rich food increasing risk‐taking. Detailed relationships require high‐resolution data uncover. We collected from willow (n = 272) equipped VHF transmitters over seven years central Norway. Field collection was performed on monthly basis, except darkest period winter. Using Cox proportional hazards models, we estimated whether related spring autumn seasons. found earlier arrival led increased for yearlings, but not adults, following spring. Further, lower when there less In differed only sexes. our study survival affected by variation, where magnitude effects population dynamics depend age distribution population. hypothesise competing connected versus risk‐taking limited resources, different importance conditions.

Language: Английский

---

Convergence of biannual moulting strategies across birds and mammals

Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 285(1878), P. 20180318 - 20180318

Published: May 16, 2018

Birds and mammals have developed numerous strategies for replacing worn feathers hair. Moulting usually occurs on an annual basis; however, moults that take place twice per year (biannual moults) also occur. Here, we review the forces driving evolution of various moult strategies, focusing special case complete biannual as a convergence selection pressures across birds mammals. Current evidence suggests harsh environmental conditions or seasonality (e.g. larger variation in temperatures) drive moult. In turn, can respond to secondary results phenotypic alteration such colour changes mate choice dynamics (sexual selection) camouflage requirements (natural selection). We discuss contributions natural sexual moulting contexts energetics, niche selection, functionality physiological mechanisms. Finally, suggest are directly related species because attributes utility thermoregulation, camouflage, social dynamics) hair feathers. Functional efficiency may be undermined if pace fails match changing climate. Thus, future research should seek understand plasticity duration phenology, especially context cycles.

Language: Английский

---

TRP Channels Role in Pain Associated With Neurodegenerative Diseases

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: Aug. 4, 2020

Transient receptor potential (TRP) are cation channels expressed in both non-excitable and excitable cells from diverse tissues, including heart, lung, brain. The TRP channel family includes 28 isoforms activated by physical chemical stimuli, such as temperature, pH, osmotic pressure, noxious stimuli. Recently, it has been shown that also directly or indirectly reactive oxygen species. Oxidative stress plays an essential role neurodegenerative disorders, Alzheimer's Parkinson's diseases, involved the progression of those diseases mechanisms involving changes crosstalk between Ca2+ regulation, oxidative stress, production inflammatory mediators. nociception include members TRPV, TRPM, TRPA, TRPC subfamilies transduce It reported pain is a complex issue patients with adequate management conditions still discussion. TRPV1 neuroinflammation, critical mechanism neurodegeneration. Therefore, some studies have considered target for treatment disorders. Thus, this review aimed to describe TRP-dependent can mediate sensation therapeutic approach available palliate symptoms throughout regulation these channels.

Language: Английский

---