Bioreduction of toxicity influenced by bioactive molecules secreted under metal stress by Azotobacter chroococcum

Ecotoxicology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 302 - 322

Published: Feb. 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Legacy of Recurrent Introgression during the Radiation of Hares

Systematic Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 70(3), P. 593 - 607

Published: Nov. 19, 2020

Hybridization may often be an important source of adaptive variation, but the extent and long-term impacts introgression have seldom been evaluated in phylogenetic context a radiation. Hares (Lepus) represent widespread mammalian radiation 32 extant species characterized by striking ecological adaptations recurrent admixture. To understand relevance introgressive hybridization during diversification Lepus, we analyzed whole exome sequences (61.7 Mb) from 15 hares (1-4 individuals per species), spanning global distribution genus, two outgroups. We used coalescent framework to infer relationships divergence times, despite extensive genealogical discordance. found high levels allele sharing among show that this reflects incomplete lineage sorting temporally layered hybridization. Our results revealed at all stages along Lepus radiation, including recent gene flow between since last glacial maximum also pervasive ancient occurring near origin hare lineages. northern hemisphere has resulted shared variation potential highly seasonal environments, genes involved circadian rhythm regulation, pigmentation, thermoregulation. illustrate how genetic legacy ancestral persist across leaving long-lasting signature contribute adaptation. [Adaptation; introgression; hybridization; Lepus; phylogenomics.].

Language: Английский

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Global climate change and invariable photoperiods: A mismatch that jeopardizes animal fitness

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(17), P. 10044 - 10054

Published: Aug. 16, 2019

Abstract The Earth's surface temperature is rising, and precipitation patterns throughout the Earth are changing; source of these shifts likely anthropogenic in nature. Alterations have obvious direct indirect effects on both plants animals. Notably, changes alone can advantageous detrimental consequences depending species. Typically, production offspring timed to coincide with optimal food availability; thus, individuals many species display annual rhythms reproductive function. Because it requires substantial time establish or re‐establish function, cannot depend arrival seasonal availability begin breeding; mechanisms evolved animals monitor respond day length order anticipate environment. Over evolutionary time, there has been precise fine‐tuning critical photoperiod onset/offset adaptations. Climate change provoked insects which timing reproduction. However, adaptations stable may be insufficiently plastic allow a shift bird mammal breeding. Coupled light pollution prevents from determining length, climate presents extreme pressure that result severe deleterious for individual reproduction survival. This review describes animals, defines physiological events regulates, addresses global photoperiod.

Language: Английский

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Local climate determines vulnerability to camouflage mismatch in snowshoe hares

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 503 - 515

Published: Dec. 26, 2019

Abstract Aim Phenological mismatches, when life‐events become mistimed with optimal environmental conditions, have increasingly common under climate change. Population‐level susceptibility to mismatches depends on how phenology and phenotypic plasticity vary across a species’ distributional range. Here, we quantify the drivers of colour moult phenology, plasticity, extent phenological mismatch in seasonal camouflage assess vulnerability North American mammal. Location America. Time period 2010–2017. Major taxa studied Snowshoe hare ( Lepus americanus ). Methods We used > 5,500 by‐catch photographs snowshoe hares from 448 remote camera trap sites at three independent study areas. To multinomial logistic regression models that incorporated geospatial high‐resolution data. estimated occurrence between hares’ coat presence absence snow over 7 years monitoring. Results Spatial temporal variation depended local conditions more so than latitude. First, colder, snowier areas moulted earlier fall later spring. Next, exhibited response annual temperature duration, especially Finally, varied space time; white dark, snowless background occurred primarily during low‐snow regions characterized by shallow, short‐lasting snowpack. Main conclusions Long‐term determine hares. In most areas, change leads shorter seasons, but varies Our results underscore population‐specific change‐induced stressors necessity understand this prioritize populations vulnerable global

Language: Английский

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Towards an ecology of protective coloration

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 96(2), P. 611 - 641

Published: Dec. 1, 2020

ABSTRACT The strategies underlying different forms of protective coloration are well understood but little attention has been paid to the ecological, life‐history and behavioural circumstances under which they evolve. While some comparative studies have investigated ecological correlates aposematism, background matching, latter particularly in mammals, few examined other types coloration. Here, we first outline defensive may be exhibited by same individual; concluding that many mechanisms can employed simultaneously, conjunction with matching. Second, review predictions made for each sort mechanism before systematically surveying phylogenetically controlled linking social variables antipredator defences involve We find a priori based on small‐scale empirical logical arguments indeed supported data, especially relation how illumination affects both matching self‐shadow concealment through countershading; body size is associated countershading, motion dazzle, flash although only selected taxa; immobility promote ambush predators; mobility facilitate dazzle. Examination nearly 120 tests reveals focus do derived from defence theory, broad‐scale incorporate phylogenetics still very much their infancy. close making recommendations future evolutionary research.

Language: Английский

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Color under pressure: how multiple factors shape defensive coloration

Behavioral Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 34(1), P. 1 - 13

Published: May 10, 2022

Abstract Behavioral ecologists have long studied the role of coloration as a defense against natural enemies. Recent reviews defensive emphasized that these visual signals are rarely selected by single predatory receivers. Complex interactions between signaler, receiver, and environmental pressures produce striking array color strategies—many which must serve multiple, sometimes conflicting, functions. In this review, we describe six common conflicts in selection multifunctional patterns, three key strategies multifunctionality. Six general scenarios conflicting on are: (1) multiple antagonists, (2) conspecific communication, (3) hunting while being hunted, (4) variation transmission environment, (5) ontogenetic changes, (6) abiotic/physiological factors. Organisms resolve apparent via intermediate, simultaneous, and/or plastic strategies. These apply across full spectrum defenses, from aposematism to crypsis, reflect how complexity sets can maintain diversity animal patterns see nature. Finally, discuss best approach studies multifunctionality color, with specific examples unresolved questions field.

Language: Английский

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Thyroid hormone disruption by bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and bis-(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) in Japanese medaka Oryzias latipes

Aquatic Toxicology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 252, P. 106312 - 106312

Published: Sept. 22, 2022

Language: Английский

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Climate change is affecting mortality of weasels due to camouflage mismatch

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 8(1)

Published: May 10, 2018

Abstract Direct phenological mismatch caused by climate change can occur in mammals that moult seasonally. Two colour morphs of the weasel Mustela nivalis ( M . n .) sympatrically Białowieża Forest (NE Poland) and differ their winter pelage colour: white brown vulgaris Due to small body size, weasels are vulnerable attacks a range different predators; thus cryptic coat may increase survival. By analysing trapping data, we found share subspecies population inhabiting decreases with decreasing numbers days snow cover. This led us hypothesise selective predation pressure should favour one two phenotypes, according prevailing weather conditions winter. A simple field experiment models (white brown), exposed against background colours, revealed contrasting faced significantly higher detection predators. Our observations also confirmed earlier findings plasticity is very limited. means will strongly influence mortality -type due prolonged camouflage mismatch, which directly affect abundance geographical distribution this subspecies.

Language: Английский

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An experimental translocation identifies habitat features that buffer camouflage mismatch in snowshoe hares

Conservation Letters, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 12(2)

Published: Nov. 9, 2018

Abstract Conservation for species impacted by climate change often occurs at scales impractical local land managers. Snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus ) are one of the most well‐documented declining from change–specifically a reduction in snowcover–yet clear management strategies have yet to emerge. To test whether camouflage mismatch is reducing hare survival we translocated 96 site recently extirpated snowshoe hares, and monitored coat color change, with snow, habitat use, weekly winter‐spring 2017. Hare was low during periods mismatch, mismatched were 3.2 × less likely survive, but this pattern varied habitat. We found that aspen‐alder stands >5 hectares negated mortality costs mismatch. provide experimental evidence driving range contraction identify specific habitats buffer consequences on winter specialist.

Language: Английский

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Electro‐Photoluminescence Color Change for Deformable Visual Encryption

Advanced Materials, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 32(22)

Published: April 21, 2020

Although structural coloring and photoluminescence (PL) have been investigated for radiation-responsive color change, electroluminescence (EL) has not used the system. An electro-photoluminescence (EPL) change is presented here. The phosphors in alternating current (ACEL) act simultaneously as electro-luminophores photo-luminophores. EPL chromaticity systematically depending on ACEL frequency UV intensity. It found that PL variation intensity mechanism of change. revealed EL can be controlled independently low electric field so adjusted by a linear combination color. color-changing device deformable visual encryption system soft skin robotic rover, imitating concealment signaling functions nature.

Language: Английский

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