Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Migration strategy is a key behavioral characteristic guiding how migratory species time their annual cycles and use habitat. Understanding variation in migration within among individuals can be useful for understanding birds navigate energetic trade‐offs designing or modifying conservation plans meant to benefit multiple life histories. We compared strategies three shorebird with variable history traits short, medium, long distances, respectively: American avocets ( Recurvirostra americana ), black‐bellied plovers Pluvialis squatarola Hudsonian godwits Limosa haemastica ). Avocets (short distance) exhibited the most within‐species duration, proportion of spent at stopovers, stopover duration. Plovers (medium (long showed less these metrics, but number stopovers used. There were significant differences distance, used, stopped over, departure arrival dates, not mean also found that more over relative distance than godwits, indicating energy‐minimizing species. Our findings set stage future work assessing effects climate change land on characteristics associated different additional

Language: Английский