Larger gains from improved management over sparing–sharing for tropical forests

Nature Sustainability, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 53 - 61

Published: Jan. 8, 2019

Language: Английский

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Prioritizing habitat core areas and corridors for a large carnivore across its range

Animal Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 23(5), P. 607 - 616

Published: March 17, 2020

Abstract With increasing loss and fragmentation of habitats driving the emerging global extinction crisis, paired with limited resources for conservation, there is an immense need to identify prioritize most important areas conservation actions. The goal this study was measure, map rank core corridors mainland clouded leopard (a forest indicator species) across its entire range in Southeast Asia. We used empirically based landscape resistance model developed from range‐wide camera survey data, cumulative resistant kernel analysis define least‐cost network long‐distance dispersal. then ranked on their strength size, they connect. found that are concentrated Asia, largely Myanmar, Laos Malaysia. Myanmar contains nearly entirety first third highest areas, as well SE Almost territory constitutes one large potential area, second leopard’s range. A number (22) very small (<8000 km 2 ) fairly isolated China. Only 24% 17% protected. This example using empirical models actions full a carnivore. Our identifies location, size connectivity remaining range, which could provide quantitative guidance efforts maximize efficacy regional initiatives conserve species ecosystems it inhabits.

Language: Английский

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Identifying conservation priorities in a defaunated tropical biodiversity hotspot

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 26(4), P. 426 - 440

Published: Jan. 22, 2020

Abstract Aim Unsustainable hunting is leading to widespread defaunation across the tropics. To mitigate against this threat with limited conservation resources, stakeholders must make decisions on where focus anti‐poaching activities. Identifying priority areas in a robust way allows decision‐makers target of importance, therefore maximizing impact interventions. Location Annamite mountains, Vietnam and Laos. Methods We conducted systematic landscape‐scale surveys five study sites (four protected areas, one unprotected area) using camera‐trapping leech‐derived environmental DNA. analysed detections within Bayesian multispecies occupancy framework evaluate species responses anthropogenic influences. Species were then used predict occurrence unsampled regions. predicted richness maps endemic identify importance for targeted Results Analyses showed that habitat‐based covariates uninformative. Our final model incorporated three as well elevation, which reflects both ecological factors. Conservation‐priority tended found are more remote now or have been less accessible past, at higher elevations. Predicted was low broadly similar sites, but slightly site. Occupancy trend. Main conclusion spatial patterns biodiversity heavily defaunated landscapes may require novel methodological analytical approaches. results indicate build prediction it beneficial sample over large scales, use multiple detection methods increase rare species, include capture different aspects pressure analyse data framework. models further suggest should be prioritized efforts prevent loss species.

Language: Английский

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Assessing mammal species richness and occupancy in a Northeast Asian temperate forest shared by cattle

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 857 - 872

Published: Jan. 31, 2021

Abstract Aim Asian forests are becoming increasingly degraded and fragmented by the extensive intensification of anthropogenic activities; these activities threaten wildlife ecosystem sustainability. Facing a defaunation crisis, managers need more information on species assemblages to guide conservation efforts. We tested relative influence natural factors mammalian richness occupancy in temperate Northeast Asia. Location China. Methods Camera‐trapping data multispecies models were used estimate terrestrial mammal community working landscape assess community‐, group‐, species‐specific responses features while accounting for imperfect detection. Species grouped based body size, diet activity pattern. Results deployed 138 cameras photographed 21 over 22,976 trap days across China–Russia border. Both correlates varied their importance predicting presence different animals. Vegetation cover cattle found have significantly positive negative influences community‐level occupancy, respectively. The relationship with vegetation was most evident large or diurnal species; wild ungulate species. Large also negatively associated human settlements. predicted each station from 5 14 unique species, had mean probability 0.45 (95% credible interval = 0.09–0.86). generally lowest livestock grazing areas close Human is important than environmental variables. Main conclusions Our results highlight that primary disturbance impact richness. Multispecies helped identify drivers biodiversity declines will inform strategies human‐dominated landscapes forests. suggest planning seeks maximize forest protection services such as carbon storage.

Language: Английский

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The rise of hyperabundant native generalists threatens both humans and nature

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 98(5), P. 1829 - 1844

Published: June 13, 2023

ABSTRACT In many disturbed terrestrial landscapes, a subset of native generalist vertebrates thrives. The population trends these disturbance‐tolerant species may be driven by multiple factors, including habitat preferences, foraging opportunities (including crop raiding or human refuse), lower mortality when their predators are persecuted (the ‘human shield’ effect) and reduced competition due to declines disturbance‐sensitive species. A pronounced elevation in the abundance wildlife can drive numerous cascading impacts on food webs, biodiversity, vegetation structure people coupled human–natural systems. There is also concern for increased risk zoonotic disease transfer humans domestic animals from with high pathogen loads as proximity increases. Here we use field data 58 landscapes document supra‐regional phenomenon hyperabundance community dominance Southeast Asian wild pigs macaques. These two groups were chosen prime candidates capable reaching they edge adapted, gregarious social structure, omnivorous diets, rapid reproduction tolerance proximity. Compared intact interior forests, densities degraded forests 148% 87% higher boar macaques, respectively. >60% oil palm coverage, pig‐tailed macaque estimated abundances 337% 447% than <1% respectively, suggesting marked demographic benefits accrued calorie‐rich subsidies. was extreme forest >20% cover where pig accounted >80% independent camera trap detections, leaving <20% other 85 mammal >1 kg considered. Establishing macaques imperative since linked fauna flora local ecosystems, health, economics (i.e., losses). severity potential negative effects motivate control efforts achieve ecosystem integrity, health conservation objectives. Our review concludes that rise generalists mediated specific types degradation, which influences ecology natural areas, creating both positive detrimental ecosystems society.

Language: Английский

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