Abundance decline in the avifauna of the European Union reveals cross‐continental similarities in biodiversity change

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(23), P. 16647 - 16660

Published: Nov. 15, 2021

Abstract Although global assessments provide evidence of biodiversity decline, some have questioned the strength evidence, with local assemblage studies often showing a more balanced picture change. The multifaceted nature and imperfect monitoring datasets may partially explain these findings. Here, using an extensive dataset, we find significant loss in native avifauna European Union (EU). We estimate decline 17–19% overall breeding bird abundance since 1980: 560–620 million individual birds. Both total proportional declines numbers are high among species associated agricultural land. distribution species’ population growth rates (ln) is centered close to zero, numerical driven by substantial losses abundant species. Our work supports previous indicating recent calls reduce threat extinctions restore abundances, for sake people.

Language: Английский

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The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework: what it does and does not do, and how to improve it

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

The Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) marks one of the most ambitious environmental agreements 21st century. Yet despite ambition, and considerable change in approach since negotiating its predecessor (the 2025 Vision Aichi targets), many pressures, including working through a global pandemic mean that final agreement, several years delay, is weaker than might have been hoped for. GBF provides set four goals, composed 23 targets (and series supporting annexes) which explore options for conservation, restoration sustainable use biodiversity, mobilisation necessary resources to maintain life on Earth. In this perspective we systematically examine composition GBF, exploring what lack weaknesses exist text. We also detail link between key indicators can be used track success toward fulfilling targets. offer recommendations could help strengthen application various targets, show where improved provide more detailed information monitor progress. Furthermore, discuss association their indicators, may temporal resolution or other elements. Finally, how actors better prepare successor 2030 has learnt about process, lessons ensure future circumnavigate issues weakened agreement.

Language: Английский

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Connecting Top-Down and Bottom-Up Approaches in Environmental Observing

BioScience, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 71(5), P. 467 - 483

Published: Feb. 3, 2021

Abstract Effective responses to rapid environmental change rely on observations inform planning and decision-making. Reviewing literature from 124 programs across the globe analyzing survey data for 30 Arctic community-based monitoring programs, we compare top-down, large-scale program driven approaches with bottom-up initiated steered at community level. Connecting these two linking Indigenous local knowledge yields benefits including improved information products enhanced observing efficiency sustainability. We identify core principles central such links: matching aims, scales, ability act information; priorities; fostering compatibility in methodology management; respect of intellectual property rights implementation free, prior, informed consent; creating sufficient organizational support structures; ensuring sustained members’ commitment. Interventions overcome challenges adhering are discussed.

Language: Английский

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Community Monitoring of Natural Resource Systems and the Environment

Annual Review of Environment and Resources, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 47(1), P. 637 - 670

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Community monitoring can track environmental phenomena, resource use, and natural management processes of concern to community members. It also contribute planning decision-making empower members in management. While that addresses the crisis is growing, it gathers data on other global challenges: climate change, social welfare, health. Some programs are challenged by limited collective action participation, insufficient state responsiveness proposals, lack sustainability over time. Additionally, environment increasingly harassed sometimes killed. more effective with improved collection, sharing, andstronger efforts meet information needs, enable conflict resolution, strengthen self-determination. Other promising areas for development further incorporating governance issues, embracing integrated approaches at level, establishing stronger links national frameworks.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity outcomes of nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: Characterising the evidence base

Frontiers in Environmental Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

Nature-based solutions (NbS) are increasingly recognised for their potential to address both the climate and biodiversity crises. Both these outcomes rely on capacity of NbS support enhance health an ecosystem: its biodiversity, condition abiotic biotic elements, continue function despite environmental change. However, while understanding ecosystem change mitigation has developed in recent years, those implemented adaptation remain poorly understood. To this, we systematically reviewed 109 nature-based interventions using 33 indicators across eight broad categories (e.g., diversity, biomass, composition). We showed that 88% with reported positive also benefits health. were associated a 67% average increase species richness. All studies supported health, leading “triple win.” there trade-offs, mainly forest management creation novel ecosystems such as monoculture plantations non-native species. Our review highlights two key limitations our First, limited selection metrics used rarely include aspects functional diversity habitat connectivity. Second, taxonomic coverage is limited: 50% only had evidence effects plants, 57% did not distinguish between native make suggestions how improve assessments NbS, well policy recommendations enable upscaling flourishing resilient ecosystems, effective addressing goals.

Language: Английский

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Past, present, and future of the Living Planet Index

npj Biodiversity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1)

Published: June 1, 2023

As we enter the next phase of international policy commitments to halt biodiversity loss (e.g., Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework), indicators will play an important role in forming robust basis upon which targeted, and time sensitive conservation actions are developed. Population trend one most powerful tools monitoring due their responsiveness changes over short timescales ability aggregate species trends from global down sub-national or even local scale. We consider how project behind foremost population level - Living Planet Index has evolved last 25 years, its value field monitoring, components have portrayed a compelling account changing status through application at policy, research practice levels. explore ways can develop enhance our understanding state share lessons learned inform indicator development mobilise action.

Language: Английский

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Drivers of the changing abundance of European birds at two spatial scales

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 378(1881)

Published: May 29, 2023

Detecting biodiversity change and identifying its causes is challenging because multifaceted temporal data often contain bias. Here, we model in species' abundance biomass by using extensive describing the population sizes trends of native breeding birds United Kingdom (UK) European Union (EU). In addition, explore how species’ vary with traits. We demonstrate significant bird assemblages UK EU, substantial reductions overall losses concentrated a relatively small number abundant smaller sized species. By contrast, rarer larger had generally fared better. Simultaneously, avian increased very slightly was stable indicating community structure. Abundance across species were positively correlated body mass climate suitability, varied abundance, migration strategy niche associations linked to diet. Our work highlights changes cannot be captured easily single number; care required when measuring interpreting given that different metrics can provide insights. This article part theme issue ‘Detecting attributing change: needs, gaps solutions’.

Language: Английский

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Integrated community models: A framework combining multispecies data sources to estimate the status, trends and dynamics of biodiversity

Journal of Animal Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 92(12), P. 2248 - 2262

Published: Oct. 25, 2023

Abstract Data deficiencies among rare or cryptic species preclude assessment of community‐level processes using many existing approaches, limiting our understanding the trends and stressors for large numbers species. Yet evaluating dynamics whole communities, not just common charismatic species, is critical to responses biodiversity ongoing environmental pressures. A recent surge in both public science government‐funded data collection efforts has led a wealth data. However, these programmes use wide range sampling protocols (from unstructured, opportunistic observations wildlife well‐structured, design‐based programmes) record information at variety spatiotemporal scales. As result, available vary substantially quantity content, which must be carefully reconciled meaningful ecological analysis. Hierarchical modelling, including single‐species integrated models hierarchical community models, improved ability assess predict processes. Here, we highlight emerging ‘integrated modelling’ framework that combines integration modelling improve inferences on species‐ dynamics. We illustrate with series worked examples. Our three case studies demonstrate how can used extend geographic scope when distributions richness patterns; discern population over time; estimate demographic rates growth communities sympatric implemented examples multiple software methods through R platform via packages formula‐based interfaces development custom code JAGS, NIMBLE Stan. Integrated provide an exciting approach model biological observational types sources simultaneously, thus accounting uncertainty error within unified framework. By leveraging combined benefits produce valuable about as well dynamics, allowing holistic evaluation effects global change biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Overcoming the limitations of wildlife disease monitoring

Research Directions One Health, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Integrated wildlife monitoring (IWM) combines infection dynamics and the ecology of populations, including aspects defining host community network. Developing implementing IWM is a worldwide priority that faces major constraints biases should be considered addressed when these systems. We identify eleven main limitations in establishment IWM, which could summarized into funding lack harmonization information exchange. The solutions proposed to overcome comprise: (i) selecting indicator species through network analysis, (ii) identifying key pathogens investigate monitor, potentially nonspecific health markers, (iii) improve standardize harmonized methodologies can applied as well communication among stakeholders across within countries, (iv) integration new noninvasive technologies (e.g., camera trapping (CT) environmental nucleic acid detection) tools are under ongoing research artificial intelligence speed-up CT analyses, microfluidic polymerase chain reaction sample volume constraints, or filter paper samples facilitate transport). Achieving optimizing must allows drivers epidemics predicting trends changes disease population before pathogen crosses interspecific barriers.

Language: Английский

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Motion‐sensitive cameras track population abundance changes in a boreal mammal community in southwestern Yukon, Canada

Journal of Wildlife Management, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 88(4)

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Abstract Motion‐sensitive cameras are commonly used to monitor wildlife occupancy rates; however, few studies have assessed whether data from correlated with density estimates obtained more traditional labor‐intensive methods such as those based on capture‐mark‐recapture. We a boreal forest community test camera were densities estimated independent monitoring methods. placed 72 covert in the around Lhù'ààn Mân' (Kluane Lake), Yukon, Canada, for 7 years and tracked changes population by hit rates. independently of snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus ) red squirrels Tamiasciurus hudsonicus using capture‐mark‐recapture via live trapping, Canada lynx Lynx canadensis ), coyotes Canis latrans moose Alces snow track transects. Density conventional aerial surveys also periodically available moose. Except squirrels, rates highly methods, including across large range corresponding cyclic dynamics several species. Accordingly, we infer that motion‐sensitive could supplement or replace key species food webs. Using change has advantages; they require less effort field, non‐invasive compared live‐trapping, include multiple at same time, rely weather than either Tracking vast is becoming increasingly necessary because climate landscape our validate use provide useful quantitative method state‐of‐the‐environment reporting.

Language: Английский

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