Vaccines,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
12(6), P. 637 - 637
Published: June 7, 2024
Although
vaccines
address
critical
public
health
needs,
inter-individual
differences
in
responses
are
not
always
considered
their
development.
Understanding
the
underlying
basis
for
these
is
needed
to
optimize
vaccine
effectiveness
and
ultimately
improve
disease
control.
In
this
pilot
study,
pre-
post-antiviral
immunological
gut
microbiota
features
were
characterized
examine
SARS-CoV-2
mRNA
response.
Blood
stool
samples
collected
before
administration
of
at
2-to-4-week
intervals
after
first
dose.
A
cohort
14
adults
was
separated
post
hoc
into
two
groups
based
on
neutralizing
antibody
levels
(high
[HN]
or
low
[LN])
10
weeks
following
vaccination.
Bivariate
correlation
analysis
performed
associations
between
microbiota,
inflammation,
neutralization
capacity
that
timepoint.
These
analyses
revealed
significant
microbiome
composition
inflammation
states
pre-vaccination,
which
predicted
later
viral
capacity,
with
certain
bacterial
taxa,
such
as
those
genus
Prevotella,
found
higher
abundance
LN
vs
HN
group
also
negatively
correlated
a
panel
inflammatory
factors
IL-17,
yet
positively
plasma
high
mobility
box
1
(HMGB-1)
protein
pre-vaccination.
particular,
we
observed
inverse
relationship
(Pearson
=
−0.54,
p
0.03)
HMGB-1
pre-vaccination
post-vaccination.
Consistent
known
roles
mediators
our
results
altogether
implicate
related
microbial
signatures
potential
biomarkers
predicting
measured
by
production
antibodies.
Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(7), P. 575 - 591
Published: July 3, 2023
Microbial
infections
and
resultant
sepsis
are
leading
causes
of
death
in
hospitals,
representing
approximately
20%
total
deaths
worldwide.
Despite
the
difficulties
translating
experimental
insights
into
effective
therapies
for
often
heterogenous
patient
populations,
an
improved
understanding
pathogenic
mechanisms
underlying
is
still
urgently
needed.
Sepsis
partly
attributable
to
dysregulated
innate
immune
responses
manifested
by
hyperinflammation
immunosuppression
at
different
stages
microbial
infections.
Clinical and Translational Science,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
16(4), P. 631 - 646
Published: Jan. 12, 2023
The
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2,
the
agent
of
ongoing
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
pandemic,
has
spread
worldwide
since
it
was
first
identified
in
November
Wuhan,
China.
Since
then,
progress
pathogenesis
linked
severity
this
systemic
to
hyperactivation
network
cytokine-driven
pro-inflammatory
cascades.
Here,
we
aimed
identify
molecular
biomarkers
by
measuring
serum
levels
inflammatory
mediators
a
Brazilian
cohort
patients
with
COVID-19
and
healthy
controls
(HCs).
Critically
ill
intensive
care
unit
were
defined
as
such
dependence
on
oxygen
supplementation
(93%
intubated
7%
face
mask),
computed
tomography
profiles
showing
ground-glass
opacity
pneumonia
associated
high
D-dimer.
Our
panel
included
HMGB1,
ATP,
tissue
factor,
PGE2
,
LTB4
cys-LTs.
Follow-up
studies
showed
increased
every
mediator
compared
HCs.
Originally
acting
transcription
HMGB1
acquires
functions
following
secretion
activated
leukocytes
or
necrotic
tissues.
Serum
positively
correlated
cys-LTs,
D-dimer,
aspartate
aminotransferase,
alanine
aminotransferase.
Notably,
classical
alarmin
higher
deceased
patients,
allowing
their
discrimination
from
that
had
been
discharged
at
early
pulmonary
hyperinflammatory
phase
COVID-19.
In
particular,
verified
above
125.4
ng/ml
is
cutoff
distinguishes
are
risk
death.
conclusion,
propose
use
biomarker
prognosis
Frontiers in Immunology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14
Published: Aug. 16, 2023
The
novel
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
presents
with
complex
pathophysiological
effects
in
various
organ
systems.
Following
the
COVID-19,
there
are
shifts
biomarker
and
cytokine
equilibrium
associated
altered
physiological
processes
arising
from
viral
damage
or
aggressive
immunological
response.
We
hypothesized
that
high
daily
dose
methylprednisolone
improved
injury
biomarkers
serum
profiles
COVID-19
patients.
Injury
analysis
was
performed
on
50
SARS-Cov-2
negative
controls
101
hospitalized
severe
patients:
49
methylprednisolone-treated
(MP
group)
52
placebo-treated
samples.
Samples
treated
groups
collected
days
D1
(pre-treatment)
all
groups,
D7
(2
after
ending
therapy)
D14
were
analyzed.
Luminex
assay
quantified
HMGB1,
FABP3,
myoglobin,
troponin
I
NTproBNP.
Immune
mediators
(CXCL8,
CCL2,
CXCL9,
CXCL10,
TNF,
IFN-γ,
IL-17A,
IL-12p70,
IL-10,
IL-6,
IL-4,
IL-2,
IL-1β)
using
cytometric
bead
array.
At
pretreatment,
two
treatment
comparable
demographically.
pre-treatment
(D1),
(HMGB1,
TnI,
myoglobin
FABP3)
distinctly
elevated.
D7,
HMGB1
significantly
higher
MP
group
(p=0.0448)
compared
to
placebo
group,
while
diminished
by
(p=0.0115).
Compared
healthy
control
samples,
several
immune
(IL-17A,
MIG,
MCP-1,
IP-10)
considerably
elevated
at
baseline
(all
p≤0.05).
MIG
IP-10
of
MP-group
lower
than
placebo-group
(p=0.0431,
p=0.0069,
respectively).
Longitudinally,
IL-2
(MP-group)
IL-17A
(placebo-group)
had
increased
D14.
In
continuously
increased,
as
IL-10
steadily
decreased
during
follow-up.
IL-12p70
progressively
increase
IL-1β
gradually
towards
Moderate
strong
positive
correlations
between
chemokines
cytokines
observed
These
findings
suggest
could
ameliorate
levels
but
appeared
have
no
impact
TnI
addition,
relieves
induced
inflammatory
response
diminishing
levels.
Overall,
corticosteroid
(methylprednisolone)
use
management
influences
molecule
profile
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(17), P. 13164 - 13164
Published: Aug. 24, 2023
The
careful
monitoring
of
patients
with
mild/moderate
COVID-19
is
particular
importance
because
the
rapid
progression
complications
associated
COVID-19.
For
prognostic
reasons
and
for
economic
management
health
care
resources,
additional
biomarkers
need
to
be
identified,
their
can
conceivably
performed
in
early
stages
disease.
In
this
retrospective
cross-sectional
study,
we
found
that
serum
concentrations
high-mobility
group
box
1
(HMGB1)
heme
oxygenase-1
(HO-1),
at
time
hospital
admission,
could
useful
management.
study
included
160
randomly
selected
recovered
mild
moderate
on
admission.
Compared
healthy
controls,
HMGB1
HO-1
levels
increased
by
487.6
pg/mL
versus
43.1
1497.7
756.1
pg/mL,
respectively.
Serum
correlated
significantly
HMGB1,
oxidative
stress
parameters
(malondialdehyde
(MDA),
phosphatidylcholine/lysophosphatidylcholine
ratio
(PC/LPC),
reduced
glutathione
(GSH/GSSG)),
anti-inflammatory
acute
phase
proteins
(ferritin,
haptoglobin).
Increased
catabolism/hemolysis
were
not
detected.
We
hypothesize
increase
disease
likely
have
a
survival
benefit
providing
protection
against
inflammation,
whereas
level
reflects
activity
innate
immune
system
represents
within
which
kept
under
control.
Cells,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(23), P. 2696 - 2696
Published: Nov. 24, 2023
Mast
cells
(MCs)
are
sentinel
which
represent
an
important
part
of
the
first
line
defense
immune
system.
MCs
highly
express
receptors
for
danger-associated
molecular
patterns
(DAMPs)
such
as
IL-33R
and
P2X7,
making
to
potentially
effective
sensors
IL-33
adenosine-triphosphate
(ATP),
two
alarmins
released
upon
necrosis-induced
cell
damage
in
peripheral
tissues.
Besides
alarmins,
also
stem
factor
(SCF)
receptor
c-Kit,
typically
mediates
MC
differentiation,
proliferation
survival.
By
using
bone
marrow-derived
(BMMCs),
ELISA
flow
cytometry
experiments,
well
p65/RelA
NFAT
reporter
MCs,
we
aimed
investigate
influence
SCF
on
alarmin-induced
signaling
pathways
resulting
cytokine
production
degranulation.
We
found
that
presence
boosted
but
not
degranulation
simultaneously
sense
ATP
(ATP/IL-33
co-sensing).
Therefore,
conclude
maintains
functionality
tissues
ensure
appropriate
reactions
damage,
induced
by
pathogens
or
allergens.
