Genetic Management of Fragmented Animal and Plant Populations

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 13, 2017

Abstract The biological diversity of the planet is being rapidly depleted due to direct and indirect consequences human activity. As size animal plant populations decrease fragmentation increases, loss genetic reduces their ability adapt changes in environment, with inbreeding reduced fitness inevitable for many species. Many small isolated are going extinct unnecessarily. In cases, such can be genetically rescued by gene flow into them from another population within species, but this very rarely done. This novel authoritative book addresses issues involved management fragmented populations, including depression, elevated extinction risk augmentation flow, rescue, causes outbreeding depression predicting its occurrence, desirability implementation translocations cope climate change, defining diagnosing species conservation purposes.

Language: Английский

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Neutral and adaptive genetic diversity in plants: An overview

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

Genetic diversity is a prerequisite for evolutionary change in all kinds of organisms. It generally acknowledged that populations lacking genetic variation are unable to evolve response new environmental conditions (e.g., climate change) and thus may face an increased risk extinction. Although the importance incorporating into design conservation measures now well understood, less attention has been paid distinction between neutral (NGV) adaptive (AGV) variation. In this review, we first focus on utility NGV by examining ways quantify it, reviewing applications infer ecological processes, exploring its designing plant species. Against background, then summarize identify estimate AGV discuss potential use conservation. After comparing considering their pros cons context, conclude there urgent need better understanding role adaptation. To date, however, only few studies non-model species aimed at deciphering genomic basis complex trait Therefore, researchers practitioners should keep utilizing develop relevant strategies rare endangered until more estimates available.

Language: Английский

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To mix or not to mix gene pools for threatened species management? Few studies use genetic data to examine the risks of both actions, but failing to do so leads disproportionately to recommendations for separate management

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 256, P. 109072 - 109072

Published: April 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Connecting research and practice to enhance the evolutionary potential of species under climate change

Conservation Science and Practice, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5(2)

Published: Jan. 3, 2023

Abstract Resource managers have rarely accounted for evolutionary dynamics in the design or implementation of climate change adaptation strategies. We brought research and management communities together to identify challenges opportunities applying evidence from science support on‐the‐ground actions intended enhance species' potential. amalgamated input natural‐resource practitioners interdisciplinary scientists information needs, current knowledge that can fill those future avenues research. Three focal areas guide engagement include: (1) recognizing when act, (2) understanding feasibility assessing potential, (3) identifying best practices. Although researchers commonly propose using molecular methods estimate genetic diversity gene flow as key indicators we offer guidance on several additional attributes (and their proxies) may also decision‐making, particularly absence data. Finally, outline existing decision‐making frameworks help compare alternative strategies supporting with goal increasing effective use information, species conservation concern. caution, however, arguing over nuance generate confusion; instead, dedicating increased focus a decision‐relevant base better lend itself actions.

Language: Английский

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A global synthesis of the patterns of genetic diversity in endangered and invasive plants

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 291, P. 110473 - 110473

Published: Feb. 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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Application of a biological trait‐based framework for plant species conservation assessments in ecological restoration

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The United Kingdom is one of the most nature‐depleted countries in world, with only 50% its native biodiversity remaining, leading to an overall decline U.K. ecosystems and genetic diversity. Genetic diversity essential for evolutionary processes, including drift, gene flow, selection, mutation, as it provides raw material populations respond adaptively changing environments. Although recognized a form biodiversity, often overlooked conservation programs due lack data difficulties generating it. We have devised framework that utilizes life‐history alternative infer population genetics parameters are used inform recommendations. Our combines approaches incorporating risk assessments predicting species based on combination specific biological trait values management recommendations ensure Here, we apply our assessment 52 or archaeophyte plant ecological restoration interest. found assessed least likely require were line Red List Least Concern species. While aligns categories, extends beyond threat classification by providing targeted In absence data, this proved be very informative practitioners. However, further species‐specific analysis still needed confirm results study provide robust

Language: Английский

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Genetic diversity and structure of the Australian flora

Diversity and Distributions, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 23(1), P. 41 - 52

Published: Nov. 13, 2016

Abstract Aim To investigate the relationships between species attributes and genetic parameters in Australian plant to determine associations relation predictions from population theory previous global analyses. Location Continent of Australia. Methods We assembled a dataset all known analyses plants based on neutral markers catalogued them according key attributes, including range, abundance, range disjunction, biome growth form; parameters, mean number alleles per locus, observed expected heterozygosity differentiation. determined using maximum‐likelihood, multimodel inference approach. Results found many that were consistent with predictions. Species greatest effect diversity size, form, abundance biome. The most important influencing differentiation disjunction abundance. unexpected results effects form diversity, greater eastern Australia, lower shrubs compared trees. Main conclusions Our analysis showed genetics theory, strong form. identified striking differentiation, an has received little attention literature. also some notable differences predictions, which likely explained by confounding across variables. This highlights caution is needed when extrapolating trends regional floras. Identifying patterns enables broadscale facilitate inclusion considerations into conservation decision‐making.

Language: Английский

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A conservation genomics workflow to guide practical management actions

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 26, P. e01492 - e01492

Published: Feb. 15, 2021

Owing to decreasing costs and increased efficiency, it is now conceivable that conservation genomic information can be used improve the effectiveness of recovery programs for many, if not most, threatened plants. We suggest a simple study viewed as an initial step in decision-making, informs long-term efforts various ways. present biodiversity managers biologists with simple, standardized workflow research guide efficient collection, analysis application across disparate Using two case studies, 'Banksia vincentia' Daphnandra johnsonii, we demonstrate how single round genotyping by sequencing – one-time cost produces multiple directly applicable benefits, generating early possible enhance outcomes. argue shift away from asking whether needed or justified, towards consideration questions need addressed. Such should aimed at cost-effectively guiding practical aspects plant's management plan. The presented here help relevant stakeholders design sampling strategy suits their needs.

Language: Английский

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Using conservation genetics to prioritise management options for an endangered songbird

Heredity, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 130(5), P. 289 - 301

Published: April 5, 2023

Genetic data can be highly informative for answering questions relevant to practical conservation efforts, but remain one of the most neglected aspects species recovery plans. Framing genetic with reference and tractable objectives help bypass this limitation application genetics in conservation. Using a single-nucleotide polymorphism dataset from reduced-representation sequencing (DArTSeq), we conducted assessment remnant populations endangered forty-spotted pardalote (Pardalotus quadragintus), songbird endemic Tasmania, Australia. Our were inform strategies diversity estimate effective population sizes patterns inter-population movement identify management units habitat restoration. We show structure two small on mainland Tasmania as 'satellites' larger Bruny Island connected by migration. relating Although our results do not indicate immediate need genetically manage populations, estimated some that they are vulnerable drift, highlighting urgent implement restoration increase size conduct monitoring. discuss how used interventions assessing contemporary aspects, valuable information planning decision-making produced guide actions account chances concern.

Language: Английский

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Mixing source populations increases genetic diversity of restored rare plant populations

Restoration Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 28(3), P. 583 - 593

Published: Feb. 6, 2020

The genetic diversity of germplasm used in reintroduction and restoration efforts can influence how resulting populations establish, reproduce, evolve over time, particularly disturbed changing conditions. Regional admixture provenancing, mixing seeds derived from multiple within the same region as target site, has been suggested to produce genetically diverse germplasm. Yet little empirical evidence shows this approach compares source populations, or it varies restored populations. Here, we use neutral molecular markers follow through production when nursery beds. Castilleja levisecta is a rare species experiencing inbreeding depression remaining with federal recovery plan requiring re‐establishment areas where extirpated. Specifically, track wild‐collected different approaches reintroductions using two propagule types. We show that measures diversity, inbreeding, relatedness change during material produced regional provenancing approach, step at which are mixed type influencing whether all equally represented. While increased throughout process, beds but decreased reintroductions, lowest rather than plugs. results highlight importance taking an integrated informed by research planning implementing mixed‐source

Language: Английский

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