Conservation Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: March 25, 2025
Language: Английский
Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
ABSTRACT Three‐quarters of the planet's land surface has been altered by humans, with consequences for animal ecology, movements and related ecosystem functioning. Species often occupy wide geographical ranges contrasting human disturbance environmental conditions, yet, limited data availability across species' constrained our understanding how pressure resource jointly shape intraspecific variation space use. Leveraging a unique dataset 758 annual GPS movement trajectories from 375 brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) range in Europe, we investigated effects (i.e., footprint index), predictability, forest cover disturbance, area‐based conservation measures on bear We quantified use at different spatiotemporal scales during growing season (May–September): home size; representing general requirements, 10‐day long‐distance displacement distances, routine 1‐day distances. found large all scales, which was profoundly affected index, vegetation productivity, recent disturbances creating opportunity pulses. Bears occupied smaller moved less more anthropized landscapes areas higher predictability. Forest reduced while contiguous promoted longer daily movements. The amount strictly protected roadless within too small to affect Anthropized may hinder expansion isolated populations, such as Apennine Pyrenean, obstruct population connectivity, example between Dinaric Pindos Alpine or Carpathian population. Our findings call actions maintain high footprint, maintaining integrity, support viable populations their functions.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
From science to policy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: May 1, 2022
Language: Английский
Citations
43
PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. e3001946 - e3001946
Published: Jan. 31, 2023
Large carnivores have long fascinated human societies and profound influences on ecosystems. However, their conservation represents one of the greatest challenges our time, particularly where attacks humans occur. Where recreational and/or livelihood activities overlap with large carnivore ranges, conflicts can become serious. Two different scenarios are responsible for such overlap: In some regions world, increasing populations lead to extended encroachment into which subject contraction, fragmentation, degradation. other regions, expanding, thus exacerbating conflicts, especially in those areas these species were extirpated now returning. We face problem learning how live that pose serious threats humans. collected a total 5,440 (Felidae, Canidae, Ursidae; 12 species) worldwide between 1950 2019. The number reported increased over lower-income countries. Most (68%) resulted injuries, whereas 32% fatal. Although attack varied greatly within among species, as well factors triggering largely depend socioeconomic context, people being at risk mainly during high-income countries low-income specific combination local ecological is risky mix humans, whose circumstances frequencies cannot only be ascribed animal species. This also implies effective measures reduce must consider diverse social contexts.
Language: Английский
Citations
33
The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 915, P. 169990 - 169990
Published: Jan. 15, 2024
Second-generation Anticoagulant Rodenticides (ARs) can be critical for carnivores, due to their widespread use and impacts. However, although many studies explored the impacts of ARs on small mesocarnivores, none assessed extent which they could contaminate large carnivores in anthropized landscapes. We filled this gap by exploring spatiotemporal trends grey wolf (Canis lupus) exposure central northern Italy, subjecting a sample dead wolves (n = 186) LC-MS/MS method. Most 115/186, 61.8 %) tested positive (1 compound, n 36; 2 compounds, 47; 3 16; 4 or more 16). Bromadiolone, brodifacoum difenacoum, were most common with bromadiolone being that co-occurred 61). Both probability testing multiple concentration brodifacoum, liver, systematically increased found at sites. Moreover, became likely test through time, particularly after 2020. Our results underline rodent control, based ARs, increases risks unintentional poisoning non-target wildlife. risk does not only involve but also top food chain, such as wolves. Therefore, control is adding one further conservation threat endangered landscapes Europe, whose severity increase over time far higher than previously thought. Large-scale monitoring schemes European should devised soon possible.
Language: Английский
Citations
11
People and Nature, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: Feb. 22, 2025
Abstract Growing recognition of Indigenous Peoples and traditional local communities as stewards biodiversity has brought to the fore issues knowledge value pluralism in conservation policy practice. Given their basis practical multi‐generational experience, knowledges are highly relevant managing human–wildlife interactions, especially species that challenging live with. Yet, these situated forms remain overlooked marginalised, ‘local knowledge’, it is unclear what or whom encompassed within term. We explore context pastoral areas Europe, where populations large carnivores such wolves currently expanding. ask: who ‘local’, constitutes knowledge’ can this contribute carnivore management? show continuous exchanges between long‐settled residents, newcomers transient people mean ‘localness’ cannot be approached a dualist position. Similarly, dynamic continuously evolving face ongoing emerging change, which makes efforts categorisation preservation complex. argue current approaches incorporating often fail account for complexity, producing unjust ineffective policies strategies. To advance understanding, we offer an approach situates those hold on spectrum characteristics. then describe challenges braiding particularly management, illustrated by examples from our own research broader literature. tackle challenges, propose ‘spacing’ planning investing networks emplaced practitioners, tasked with coordinating mobilisation locally adapted strategies coexistence. Policy implications . Pluralism management goes beyond technical know‐how communities. It requires better different kinds skills, at all scales, produce outcomes nature. Read free Plain Language Summary article Journal blog.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
PLOS Sustainability and Transformation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. e0000158 - e0000158
Published: Feb. 25, 2025
The recovery of wolves ( Canis lupus ) across Europe is a notable conservation success in region with extensive human alteration landscapes and high population densities. We provide comprehensive update on wolf populations Europe, estimated at over 21,500 individuals by 2022, representing 58% increase the past decade. Despite challenges densities significant land use for agriculture, industry, urbanization, have demonstrated remarkable adaptability increasing trends most European countries. Improved monitoring techniques, although varying quality scope, played crucial role tracking this recovery. Annually, kill approximately 56,000 domestic animals EU, risk unevenly distributed differently handled regions. Damage compensation costs 17 million EUR every year to Positive economic impacts from presence, such as those related reducing traffic accidents wild ungulates or supporting wildlife tourism, remain under studied. Wolf supported diverse policy legal instruments LIFE programs, stakeholder platforms, well EU Habitats Directive Bern Convention. Coexisting newly established entails managing activities, including livestock depredation, competition game, fear attacks humans, amidst social political views Sustainable coexistence continues operate evolving complex social, economic, landscapes, often characterized intense debates regarding policies.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 97(2), P. 466 - 480
Published: Oct. 18, 2021
ABSTRACT Dispersal is a key demographic process involving three stages: emigration, transience and settlement; each of which influenced by individual, social environmental determinants. An integrated understanding species dispersal essential for modelling conservation planning. Here, we review the patterns determinants documented in scientific literature grey wolf ( Canis lupus ) across its distribution range. We showed surprisingly high variability within among study areas on all parameters – rate, direction, distance, duration success. found that such large due to multiple determinants, but also previously overlooked methodological research issues. revealed potential non‐linear relationship between rate population density, with higher at both ends gradient density. human‐caused mortality reduces success events. Furthermore, dispersers avoid interaction humans, highly exposed like agricultural lands hamper connectivity many cases. identified numerous problems make it difficult obtain robust estimates inferences their In particular, analyses where confounding factors were not accounted led substantial knowledge gaps aspects an otherwise much‐studied species. Our biology management would significantly benefit if studies reported results possible affecting more transparently.
Language: Английский
Citations
50
Landscape Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 38(7), P. 1713 - 1728
Published: March 31, 2023
Abstract Context Adjustments in habitat use by large carnivores can be a key factor facilitating their coexistence with people shared landscapes. Landscape composition might determining how adapt to occurring alongside humans, yet broad-scale analyses investigating adjustments of across gradients human pressure and landscape are lacking. Objectives Here, we investigate Eurasian lynx ( Lynx ) response varying availability refuge habitats (i.e., forests rugged terrain) modification. Methods Using tracking dataset including 434 individuals from seven populations, assess functional responses two spatial scales, testing for variation sex, daytime, season. Results We found that more intensively increasing modification selecting most strongly otherwise open landscapes terrain mountainous regions. Moreover, higher forest enabled place home ranges human-modified Human also shaped temporal patterns use, reducing areas during periods high exposure (daytime) or vulnerability (postnatal period) pressure. Conclusions Our findings suggest remarkable adaptive capacity towards underline the importance scales enabling between people. More broadly, highlight determines thus play an important role shaping carnivore distributions.
Language: Английский
Citations
21
Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)
Published: Jan. 24, 2023
Abstract Land-use and climate change have been linked to changes in wildlife populations, but the role of socioeconomic factors driving declines, promoting population recoveries, remains relatively unexplored. Here, we evaluate potential drivers observed 50 species some world’s most charismatic functionally important fauna—large mammalian carnivores. Our results reveal that human development is more associated with carnivore declines than habitat loss or change. Rapid increases are sharp but, importantly, once slows, populations recover. The context- threshold-dependent links between health challenges achievement UN Sustainable goals.
Language: Английский
Citations
19
Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 25(1), P. 240 - 251
Published: Nov. 16, 2021
Abstract Maintaining the resilience of natural populations, their ability to resist and recover from disturbance, is crucial prevent biodiversity loss. However, lack appropriate data quantitative tools has hampered our understanding factors determining on a global scale. Here, we quantified temporal trends two key components resilience—resistance recovery—in >2000 population time‐series >1000 vertebrate species globally. We show that number threats which exposed main driver decline in populations. Such declines are driven by non‐uniform loss different (i.e. resistance recovery). Increased anthropogenic accelerating through recovery ability—but not resistance—of These findings suggest may be underestimating impacts change, highlighting need account for multiple assessments.
Language: Английский
Citations
37