New Perspectives on the Molecular Action of Metformin in the Context of Cellular Transduction and Adipogenesis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 26(8), P. 3690 - 3690

Published: April 14, 2025

Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic drug, modulates the cellular physiology and metabolism of various body tissues, including adipose tissue. Adipogenesis, complex process in which mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) differentiate into functional adipocytes, plays key role metabolic health represents potential therapeutic target for diverse disorders. Notably, recent evidence suggests that metformin adipocyte differentiation. This narrative review explores effects on metabolism, with particular focus adipogenesis. The findings compiled this show regulates glucose lipid multiple skeletal muscle, tissue, liver, intestine. Furthermore, adipogenesis through AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)-dependent independent mechanisms 3T3-L1 adipose-derived cells. also emphasizes can promote or inhibit accumulation, depending its concentration. Additionally, attenuates inflammatory pathways by reducing production proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, MCP-1, COX-2. Finally, supports vitamin D enhances anti-inflammatory actions promotes cell differentiation toward beige phenotype. In summary, examines molecular to propose new strategies managing obesity related diseases.

Language: Английский

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Metformin Lysosomal Targeting: A Novel Aspect to Be Investigated for Metformin Repurposing in Neurodegenerative Diseases?

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(16), P. 8884 - 8884

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Metformin is a widely employed drug in type 2 diabetes. In addition to warranting good short- and long-term glycemic control, metformin displays many intriguing properties as protection against cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases, anti-tumorigenic longevity promotion. being low-cost drug, generally well tolerated. However, despite the enthusiastic drive aliment these novel studies, contradictory results suggest importance of better elucidating complexity action different tissues/cells establish its possible employment diseases. This review summarises recent data identifying lysosomal-dependent processes lysosomal targets, such endosomal Na+/H+ exchangers, presenilin enhancer (PEN2), pathway leading AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, transcription factor EB (TFEB), modulated by metformin. Lysosomal dysfunctions resulting autophagic acidification biogenesis impairment appear be hallmarks inherited acquired Lysosomes are not yet seen sort cellular dump but crucial determining key signalling paths involved clearance aggregated proteins. Thus, possibility pharmacologically modulating them deserves great interest. Despite potentiality this context, additional important issues, dosing, should addressed future.

Language: Английский

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Investigating the Effects of Gossypetin on Cardiovascular Function in Diet-Induced Pre-Diabetic Male Sprague Dawley Rats

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(22), P. 12105 - 12105

Published: Nov. 11, 2024

Gossypetin (GTIN) is a naturally occurring flavonoid recognised for its pharmacological properties. This study examined the effects of GTIN on cardiovascular function in diet-induced pre-diabetic rat model, which has not been previously studied. Pre-diabetes was induced using high-fat high-carbohydrate (HFHC) diet supplemented with 15% fructose water 20 weeks. Thereafter, animals were sub-divided into five groups (

Language: Английский

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Impact of Socio-Demographics and Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices (KAP) on Misconceptions of Metformin Use in Diabetes: A Potential Myth and Disbelief in South Asia

Cureus, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

The influence of misconceptions and related socio-demographics on metformin use could hamper adherence to medications. This study aimed assess the rates causes non-adherence investigate knowledge, attitudes, practices (KAP) including association with socio-demographic variables.

Language: Английский

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