Effects of anthropogenic disturbances on biodiversity and biomass stock of Cerrado, the Brazilian savanna

Biodiversity and Conservation, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(11-12), P. 3151 - 3168

Published: July 10, 2020

Language: Английский

---

Modern models of trophic meta-communities

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 375(1814), P. 20190455 - 20190455

Published: Nov. 2, 2020

Dispersal and foodweb dynamics have long been studied in separate models. However, over the past decades, it has become abundantly clear that there are intricate interactions between local spatial patterns. Trophic meta-communities, i.e. meta-foodwebs, very complex systems exhibit often counterintuitive dynamics. Over decade, a broad range of modelling approaches used to study these systems. In this paper, we review insights they revealed. We focus particularly on recent papers trophic spatially extensive settings highlight common themes emerged different There is overwhelming evidence dispersal (and intermediate levels dispersal) benefits maintenance biodiversity several ways. Moreover, some gained into effect habitat topologies, but results also show exact relationships much more than previously thought, highlighting need for further research area. This article part theme issue ‘Integrative perspectives marine conservation’.

Language: Английский

---

Barriers in a sea of elasmobranchs: From fishing for populations to testing hypotheses in population genetics

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 30(11), P. 2147 - 2163

Published: Sept. 7, 2021

Abstract Background The interplay of animal dispersal and environmental heterogeneity is fundamental for the distribution biodiversity on earth. In ocean, interaction physical barriers has primarily been examined organisms with planktonic larvae. Animals that lack a life stage depend active are however likely to produce distinctive patterns. Methods We used available literature population genetics phylogeography elasmobranchs (sharks, rays skates) examine how marine ecology shape genetic connectivity in animals dispersal. provide global geographical overview extracted from synthesize hydrological factors, spatial temporal scales characterize different types barriers. three most studied were analyse effect elasmobranch potential barrier type connectivity. Results characterized nine broad barriers, common being related ocean bathymetry. maximum depth occurrence , body size habitat each species as proxies potential, important predictors varying depending type. Environmental tolerance reproductive behaviour may also play crucial role However, we find studies commonly appropriate study designs based priori hypotheses test while accounting behaviour. Main conclusions Our synthesis highlights relative contribution shaping populations. new perspective interact rearrange variation illustrate methodological sources can bias detection solutions future research field.

Language: Английский

---

Taxonomic and functional homogenization of butterfly communities along an urban gradient

Insect Conservation and Diversity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 273 - 286

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Urbanization is a major cause of global insect declines, yet some species can persist, and even thrive, in cities. Research on butterflies frequently report reduced diversity urban habitats compared to rural ones, but less known about whether urbanization favours with specific functional traits. Further, few studies have evaluated leads the biotic homogenization butterfly communities, despite being reported for other taxa. Here, we investigate how community composition changes along an gradient by surveying 44 sites around Montréal, Quebec, Canada. We test hypothesis that communities are homogenized at taxonomic levels. found clear differences structure versus areas favouring few, highly abundant, non‐native species. These shifts were defined losses native richness abundance combined increases abundance. For most community, longer flight periods more common areas. Finally, levels as demonstrated reductions beta variation several key traits (wingspan, larval diet breadth, oviposition style) ones. Overall, this region support diverse homogenized. Since growing worldwide, better understanding arises what its consequences will be guiding future conservation efforts.

Language: Английский

---

Habitat choice meets thermal specialization: Competition with specialists may drive suboptimal habitat preferences in generalists

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 115(47), P. 11988 - 11993

Published: Nov. 5, 2018

Significance In contrast to the classically expected coupling between ecological specialization and low dispersal propensity, theory predicts that with habitat choice (i.e., individuals choose habitats maximizing their performance) should evolve in specialists, while generalists disperse more randomly. Here, we show ciliate microcosms thermal specialists indeed prefer optimal habitats, whereas surprisingly, also perform but a preference for suboptimal habitats. To tackle question of why developed metapopulation model showed competition may favor niche margins under environmental variability. Our results point out importance strategies evolutionary dynamics.

Language: Английский

---