The
historic
western
edge
of
bison
(Bison
bison)
range
and
the
ecological
processes
that
caused
its
formation
are
frequently
debated
with
important
implications
for
restoration
across
North
America.
We
test
hypothesis
a
combination
bottom-up
habitat
suitability
top-down
harvest
pressure
from
humans
were
in
forming
distribution.
Using
9,384
historical
journal
observations
1691
–
1928,
we
employ
MaxEnt
niche
modelling
to
identify
suitable
Western
Cordillera
climatic,
land
cover,
topographic
factors.
then
use
mixed-effect
logistic
regression
if
occurrence
records
can
be
part
explained
by
abundance
Indigenous
humans,
wolves,
or
grizzly
bears,
addition
MaxEnt-derived
suitability.
find
support
our
because
limited
Rocky
Mountains
likely
prevented
westward
dispersal
core
habitat,
there
was
negative
relationship
between
human
pressure.
On
this
basis,
propose
intensive
large
populations
Cordillera,
subsidized
other
wildlife,
salmon,
vegetation
resources,
is
an
underappreciated
socioecological
process
needs
restored
alongside
populations.
Co-managing
people
will
also
mitigate
adverse
effects
overabundant
maximize
cultural
benefits
restoration.
Science,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
377(6609), P. 1008 - 1011
Published: Aug. 25, 2022
Food
webs
influence
ecosystem
diversity
and
functioning.
Contemporary
defaunation
has
reduced
food
web
complexity,
but
simplification
caused
by
past
is
difficult
to
reconstruct
given
the
sparse
paleorecord
of
predator-prey
interactions.
We
identified
changes
terrestrial
mammal
globally
over
~130,000
years
using
extinct
extant
traits,
geographic
ranges,
observed
interactions,
deep
learning
models.
underwent
steep
regional
declines
in
complexity
through
loss
links
after
arrival
expansion
human
populations.
estimate
that
a
53%
decline
globally.
Although
extinctions
explain
much
this
effect,
range
losses
for
species
degraded
similar
extent,
highlighting
potential
restoration
via
recovery.
Land,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(4), P. 575 - 575
Published: April 14, 2022
The
principal
drivers
of
Grassland
Biome
conversion
and
degradation
in
South
Africa
include
agricultural
intensification,
plantation
forestry,
urban
expansion
mining,
together
with
invasive
non-native
plants
insidious
rural
sprawl.
This
biome
is
poorly
conserved
dire
need
restoration,
an
ecologically
centred
practice
gaining
increasing
traction
given
its
wide
application
to
people
biodiversity
this
emerging
culture
renewal.
pioneering
proponent
restoration
the
mining
industry,
primarily
restore
surface
stability
using
vegetation
cover.
We
noticed
a
historical
progression
from
production-focussed
pastures
more
diverse
suites
native
species
habitats
landscape.
paradigm
shift
towards
proactive
“biodiversity
approach”
necessitates
assisted
natural
regeneration,
mainly
through
revegetation
grasses,
plugs,
sods
and/or
seeds,
long-lived
perennial
forbs.
discuss
key
management
interventions
such
as
ongoing
control
plants,
merits
fire
grazing,
deleterious
impacts
fertilisers.
also
highlight
areas
research
requiring
further
investigation.
has
limitations
best
suited
restoring
ecological
processes
rather
than
attempting
match
original
pristine
state.
advocate
conserving
intact
grassland
ecosystems
strategy
for
protecting
biodiversity,
including
small
patches
disproportionately
high
conservation
value.
Wildlife Society Bulletin,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
49(1)
Published: March 1, 2025
Abstract
Large
ungulates
across
the
world
are
threatened
with
extinction
due
to
habitat
loss,
land
use
change,
and
other
anthropogenic
pressures.
While
conservation
measures
critical,
for
many
populations
implementation
of
is
often
not
practical,
either
a
lack
information
on
species'
biology
or
their
status.
Here
we
consider
2
large
ungulates,
roan
(
Hippotragus
equinus
)
sable
H.
niger
antelopes,
occurring
in
Mudumu
National
Park
(MNP)
Namibia,
which
data
trends
largely
unknown.
Here,
used
camera
trapping
collected
dry
wet
seasons
between
March
September
2021
visit
frequency
models
understand
relationship
variables
distribution
dynamics
over
time
at
MNP.
Our
results
showed
that
roans
season
were
detected
more
sites
increased
grass
cover
less
near
Kwando
River.
In
season,
termite
mounds
but
sables
fewer
mounds.
cover.
We
hypothesized
areas
permanent
water
avoid
high
predator
densities
grazing
intensity
by
dense
herds
short‐grass
grazers.
The
study
findings
useful
knowledge
will
be
inform
develop
comprehensive
programs
strategies
aim
lower
risk
Namibian
protected
area.
In
a
previous
post
I
demonstrated
how
to
set
up
local
LLM
that
you
can
run
through
either
command
line
interface
(Ollama)
or
graphical
user
(Open
WebUI
and
others),
quickly
“chat
with
your
documents”
model
using
LMStudio.
simply
attached
few
documents
one-off
chat.
Global Change Biology,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
31(5)
Published: May 1, 2025
ABSTRACT
Tiger
(
Panthera
tigris
)
survival,
as
apex
predators
in
forest
ecosystems,
largely
depends
on
abundant
prey
healthy,
intact
forests.
Because
large
herbivore
are
drivers
of
plant
biomass,
we
reasoned
that
tiger
distribution
and
density
probably
also
closely
linked
with
carbon
(C)
stock,
the
management
which
is
critical
for
mitigating
climate
change.
However,
whether
tigers
exert
top‐down
control
C
stocks
or
passive
surrogate
indicators
bottom‐up
a
salient
unanswered
question
conservation
management,
particularly
trophic
rewilding.
Here,
compiled
estimates
global
presence
to
test
effects
tiger‐carbon
relationships
along
gradient
from
“empty
forests”
without
“target
state”
ecosystems
living
at
different
abundances.
Our
results
showed
was
associated
higher
vegetation
stocks,
lower
emissions,
inputs
globally.
Top‐down
via
ungulate
biomass
were
stronger
less
established
Furthermore,
soil
increased
reached
peaks
four
habitat
types
covering
most
range.
findings
reveal
tigers,
represented
by
their
density,
both
an
indicator
driver
ecosystem
depending
underlying
ecological
conditions,
could
safeguard
forests
against
future
emissions
improve
our
understanding
climate‐C
cycle
feedback.
