Climate Change Drives Increases in Extreme Events for Lake Ice in the Northern Hemisphere

Geophysical Research Letters, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 47(18)

Published: Aug. 31, 2020

Abstract Extreme climate events can have significant consequences on ecosystems and by extension human populations. Over 50 million of the world's lakes typically freeze each winter, absence winter ice cover, in where has historically been present, be characterized as an extreme event. We quantified effects lake cover using 78‐year records from 122 to show that (1) ice‐free years are becoming more frequent severe, (2) air temperature is a predictor was driven large‐scale oscillations, (3) extremes closely related (4) forecasted result loss ice‐cover future. Without drastic reductions carbon emissions, we expect widespread could socioeconomic biological implications.

Language: Английский

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The Changing Face of Winter: Lessons and Questions From the Laurentian Great Lakes

Journal of Geophysical Research Biogeosciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126(6)

Published: May 14, 2021

Abstract Among its many impacts, climate warming is leading to increasing winter air temperatures, decreasing ice cover extent, and changing precipitation patterns over the Laurentian Great Lakes their watershed. Understanding predicting consequences of these changes impeded by a shortage winter‐period studies on most aspects Lake limnology. In this review, we summarize what known about during 3–6 months identify key open questions physics, chemistry, biology other large, seasonally frozen lakes. Existing show that conditions have important effects physical, biogeochemical, biological processes, not only but in subsequent seasons as well. Ice cover, extent which fluctuates dramatically among years five lakes, emerges variable controls functioning ecosystem. Studies properties formation ice, effect vertical horizontal mixing, light conditions, biota, along with measurements fundamental state rate parameters lakes watersheds are needed close knowledge gap. Overcoming formidable logistical challenges research large dynamic ecosystems may require investment new, specialized infrastructure. Perhaps more importantly, it will demand broader recognition value such work collaboration between physicists, geochemists, biologists working world's freezing seas.

Language: Английский

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Satellite remote sensing to assess cyanobacterial bloom frequency across the United States at multiple spatial scales

Ecological Indicators, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 128, P. 107822 - 107822

Published: May 26, 2021

Cyanobacterial blooms can have negative effects on human health and local ecosystems. Field monitoring of cyanobacterial be costly, but satellite remote sensing has shown utility for more efficient spatial temporal across the United States. Here, imagery was used to assess annual frequency surface blooms, defined each pixel as percentage images that throughout year exhibiting detectable cyanobacteria. assessed 2,196 large lakes in 46 states continental States (CONUS) using from European Space Agency's Ocean Land Colour Instrument years 2017 through 2019. In 2019, all pixels considered, bloom had a median value 4% maximum 100%, latter indicating those pixels, detected by sensor every image considered. addition pixel-scale frequency, results were summarized at lake- state-scales averaging lake state. For average lake-scale frequencies also Oregon Ohio highest state-scale 65% 52%. Pixel-scale assist identifying portions are prone while prioritization sampling resources mitigation efforts. Satellite is limited presence snow ice, collected these conditions quality flagged discarded. Thus, within nine climate regions investigated determine whether missing data biased given their summaries would weighted toward summer months when tend occur. Results unbiased time period selected most regions, bias observed Northwest Rockies Plains region. Moderate biases Valley Southeast regions. Finally, clustering analysis identify areas high low CONUS based Several clusters identified transcended state, watershed, eco-regional boundaries. Combined with additional data, may offer insight regarding large-scale drivers blooms.

Language: Английский

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Emerging unprecedented lake ice loss in climate change projections

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Oct. 2, 2022

Abstract Seasonal ice in lakes plays an important role for local communities and lake ecosystems. Here we use Large Ensemble simulations conducted with the Community Earth System Model version 2, which includes a simulator, to quantify response of greenhouse warming determine emergence patterns anthropogenic loss. Our model show that average duration coverage maximum thickness are projected decrease over next 80 years by 38 days 0.23 m, respectively. In Canadian Arctic, loss is accelerated cold-season polar amplification. Lake on Tibetan Plateau decreases rapidly due combination strong insolation forcing ice-albedo feedbacks. Comparing signal natural variability represented Ensemble, find ecosystems these regions may be exposed no-analogue within 4-5 decades.

Language: Английский

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Towards critical white ice conditions in lakes under global warming

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2022

Abstract The quality of lake ice is uppermost importance for safety and under-ice ecology, but its temporal spatial variability largely unknown. Here we conducted a coordinated sampling campaign across the Northern Hemisphere during one warmest winters since 1880 show that 2020/2021 commonly consisted unstable white ice, at times contributing up to 100% total thickness. We observed increased over winter season, becoming thickest constituting largest proportion layer towards end cover season when fatal drownings occur most often light limits growth reproduction primary producers. attribute dominance before ice-off air temperatures varying around freezing point, condition which occurs more frequently warmer winters. Thus, under continued global warming, prevalence likely substantially increase critical period ice-off, adjusted used equations human transmittance through ice.

Language: Английский

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