Combined stress of an insecticide and heatwaves or elevated temperature induce community and food web effects in a Mediterranean freshwater ecosystem

Water Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 260, P. 121903 - 121903

Published: June 6, 2024

Ongoing global climate change will shift nature towards Anthropocene's unprecedented conditions by increasing average temperatures and the frequency severity of extreme events, such as heatwaves. While climatic changes pose an increased threat for freshwater ecosystems, other stressors like pesticides may interact with warming lead to unpredictable effects. Studies that examine underpinned mechanisms multiple stressor effects are scarce often lack environmental realism. Here, we conducted a experiment using outdoor mesocosms natural assemblages macroinvertebrates, zooplankton, phytoplankton, macrophytes, microbes. The neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid (1 µg/L) were investigated in combination three temperature scenarios representing ambient, elevated (+4°C), heatwaves (+0 8°C), latter two having similar energy input. We found dissipation patterns all treatments lowest half-lives under both (DT50: 3 days) highest ambient 4 throughout experiment. Amongst communities, only zooplankton community was significantly affected combined treatments. This demonstrated low chemical sensitivity lagged significant negative cyclopoids. Heatwaves caused early long-lasting on compared temperatures, Polyarthra, Daphnia longispina, Lecanidae, cyclopoids being most negatively taxa, whereas Ceriodaphnia nauplii showed positive responses temperature. Community recovery from stress slower heatwaves, suggesting temperature-enhanced toxicity. Finally, microbial macrofauna litter degradation enhanced temperature, also imidacloprid. A structural equation model depicted cascading food web stronger relationships at higher than lower trophic levels. Our study highlights series imidacloprid-stressed freshwaters.

Language: Английский

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Marine Prosperity Areas: a framework for aligning ecological restoration and human well-being using area-based protections

Frontiers in Marine Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Feb. 6, 2025

Mechanisms for marine ecological protection and recovery, including area-based conservation tools like ‘Marine Protected Areas’ (MPAs) are necessary to reach the Aichi Target or forthcoming 30x30 target set by Kunming-Montreal Biodiversity Framework. However, full ecosystem recovery takes years manifest idea that MPA alone will foster human well-being is frequently contradicted socio-economic evidence. Therefore, a new framework restoration reconciles discrepancies between growth timelines needed effectively meet global biodiversity targets. We introduce concept of Prosperity Areas,’ (MPpA) an tool prioritizes prosperity as opposed passively relying on catalyze social change economic growth. This leverages suite tried-and-true community-based intervention investment strategies strengthen expand access environmental science, goods services, financial perks blue economy. data-driven may be interest stakeholders who support traditional models, but also those have been historically MPAs excluded from past processes.

Language: Английский

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Individual species provide multifaceted contributions to the stability of ecosystems

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 4(12), P. 1594 - 1601

Published: Oct. 12, 2020

Language: Английский

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Symbiotic soil fungi enhance resistance and resilience of an experimental grassland to drought and nitrogen deposition

Journal of Ecology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 109(9), P. 3171 - 3181

Published: Oct. 10, 2020

Abstract Ecosystem stability is threatened by multiple global change factors such as drought and elevated nitrogen deposition. Yet, it still poorly understood whether soil organisms can buffer against perturbations. Here we focus on arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), a common widespread group of fungi. AMF form symbiotic associations with the majority terrestrial land plants promote range ecosystem services including plant production, diversity nutrient cycling. We tested have ability to enhance resistance resilience communities under moisture deficit (hereby drought) Grassland microcosms 11 different species were established without exposed levels an intermittent period drought. Drought strongly reduced productivity cycling, but had limited effects diversity. Nitrogen enrichment increased leaching N 2 O emissions. The presence enhanced productivity, losses. facilitated cycling recovery community structure back its pre state. Furthermore, also mitigated adverse functions Synthesis . Our work highlights integral role for functioning; are not only able harsh conditions improve enabling recover. These findings underline AMF's insurance capacity ecosystems change.

Language: Английский

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Using remote sensing to assess peatland resilience by estimating soil surface moisture and drought recovery

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 761, P. 143312 - 143312

Published: Nov. 4, 2020

Language: Английский

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Nutrients and herbivores impact grassland stability across spatial scales through different pathways

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(8), P. 2678 - 2688

Published: Jan. 18, 2022

Nutrients and herbivores are well-known drivers of grassland diversity stability in local communities. However, whether they interact to impact the aboveground biomass these effects depend on spatial scales remain unknown. It is also unclear nutrients via different facets plant including species richness, evenness, changes community composition through time space. We used a replicated experiment adding excluding for 5 years 34 global grasslands explore questions. found that both nutrient addition herbivore exclusion alone reduced at larger scale (aggregated communities; gamma stability), but pathways. Nutrient primarily by increasing over time, which was mainly driven replacement. Herbivore decreasing asynchronous dynamics among communities (spatial asynchrony). Their interaction weakly increased asynchrony. Our findings indicate disentangling processes operating may improve conservation management aiming maintaining ability ecosystems reliably provide functions services humanity.

Language: Английский

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Viewing river corridors through the lens of critical zone science

Frontiers in Water, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: May 31, 2023

River corridors integrate the active channels, geomorphic floodplain and riparian areas, hyporheic zone while receiving inputs from uplands groundwater exchanging mass energy with atmosphere. Here, we trace development of contemporary understanding river perspectives geomorphology, hydrology, ecology, biogeochemistry. We then summarize models corridor along multiple axes including dimensions space time, disturbance regimes, connectivity, hydrochemical exchange flows, legacy effects humans. explore how science can be advanced a critical framework by moving beyond primary focus on discharge-based controls toward multi-factor that identify dominant processes thresholds make predictions serve society. opportunities to investigate relationships between large-scale spatial gradients local-scale processes, embrace riverine are temporally variable interacting, acknowledge services do not respect disciplinary boundaries increasingly need integrated multidisciplinary investigations, explicitly humans their management actions as part corridor. intend our review stimulate cross-disciplinary research recognizing occupy unique position Earth's surface.

Language: Английский

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Chemodiversity of Cyanobacterial Toxins Driven by Future Scenarios of Climate Warming and Eutrophication

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 57(32), P. 11767 - 11778

Published: Aug. 3, 2023

Climate change and eutrophication are two environmental threats that can alter the structure of freshwater ecosystems their service functions, but we know little about how ecosystem function will evolve in future scenarios climate warming. Therefore, created different experimental scenarios, including present-day conditions, a 3.0 °C increase mean temperature, "heatwaves" scenario (i.e., an temperature variability) to assess effects on phytoplankton communities under simultaneous stress from herbicides. We show warming, particularly heatwaves, associated with elevated cyanobacterial abundances toxin production, driven by mainly nontoxic toxic Microcystis spp. The reason for higher concentrations is likely because dual pressures warming individual toxin-producing ability decreased. Eutrophication temperatures significantly increased biomass Microcystis, leading concentrations. In contrast, alone did not produce or due depletion available nutrient pool. Similarly, herbicide glyphosate affect any taxa. case enrichment, were much than strong boost potential producers. From broader perspective our study shows warmer climate, loading has be reduced if dominance controlled.

Language: Английский

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Multidimensional responses of grassland stability to eutrophication

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2023

Abstract Eutrophication usually impacts grassland biodiversity, community composition, and biomass production, but its impact on the stability of these aspects is unclear. One challenge that has many facets can be tightly correlated (low dimensionality) or highly disparate (high dimensionality). Using standardized experiments in 55 sites from a globally distributed experiment (NutNet), we quantify effects nutrient addition five (temporal invariability, resistance during dry wet growing seasons, recovery after seasons), measured three (aboveground biomass, species richness). Nutrient reduces temporal invariability richness composition does not affect those biomass. Different measures are largely uncorrelated under both ambient eutrophic conditions, indicating consistently high dimensionality. Harnessing dimensionality ecological provides insights for predicting responses to global environmental change.

Language: Английский

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Nonlinear time effects of vegetation response to climate change: Evidence from Qilian Mountain National Park in China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 933, P. 173149 - 173149

Published: May 11, 2024

Language: Английский

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