Biological Impacts of Marine Heatwaves

Annual Review of Marine Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 119 - 145

Published: Aug. 17, 2022

Climatic extremes are becoming increasingly common against a background trend of global warming. In the oceans, marine heatwaves (MHWs)-discrete periods anomalously warm water-have intensified and become more frequent over past century, impacting integrity ecosystems globally. We review synthesize current understanding MHW impacts at individual, population, community levels. then examine how these affect broader ecosystem services discuss state research on biological MHWs. Finally, we explore emergent approaches to predicting occurrence andimpacts future events, along with adaptation management approaches. With further increases in intensity frequency projected for coming decades, MHWs emerging as pervasive stressors A deeper mechanistic their is needed better predict adapt increased activity Anthropocene.

Language: Английский

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Marine heatwaves drive recurrent mass mortalities in the Mediterranean Sea

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(19), P. 5708 - 5725

Published: July 18, 2022

Climate change is causing an increase in the frequency and intensity of marine heatwaves (MHWs) mass mortality events (MMEs) organisms are one their main ecological impacts. Here, we show that during 2015-2019 period, Mediterranean Sea has experienced exceptional thermal conditions resulting onset five consecutive years widespread MMEs across basin. These affected thousands kilometers coastline from surface to 45 m, a range habitats taxa (50 8 phyla). Significant relationships were found between incidence heat exposure associated with MHWs observed both at depths. Our findings reveal experiencing acceleration impacts which poses unprecedented threat its ecosystems' health functioning. Overall, increasing resolution empirical observation critical enhancing our ability more effectively understand manage consequences climate change.

Language: Английский

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Cross-basin and cross-taxa patterns of marine community tropicalization and deborealization in warming European seas

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 8, 2024

Abstract Ocean warming and acidification, decreases in dissolved oxygen concentrations, changes primary production are causing an unprecedented global redistribution of marine life. The identification underlying ecological processes underpinning species turnover, particularly the prevalence increases warm-water or declines cold-water species, has been recently debated context ocean warming. Here, we track mean thermal affinity communities across European seas by calculating Community Temperature Index for 65 biodiversity time series collected over four decades containing 1,817 from different (zooplankton, coastal benthos, pelagic demersal invertebrates fish). We show that most sites have clearly responded to ongoing via abundance (tropicalization, 54%) (deborealization, 18%). Tropicalization dominated Atlantic compared semi-enclosed basins such as Mediterranean Baltic Seas, probably due physical barrier constraints connectivity colonization. Semi-enclosed appeared be vulnerable warming, experiencing fastest rates loss through deborealization.

Language: Английский

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Vulnerability of benthic trait diversity across the Mediterranean Sea following mass mortality events

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 12, 2025

Abstract Unraveling the functional future of marine ecosystems amid global change poses a pressing challenge. This is particularly critical in Mediterranean Sea, which highly impacted by and local drivers. Utilizing extensive mass mortality events (MMEs) datasets spanning from 1986 to 2020 across we investigated trait vulnerability benthic species that suffered MMEs induced nine distinct By analyzing changes ten ecological traits 389 species—constituting an compendium date—we identified 228 entities (FEs), defined as groups sharing same values. Our findings indicate these 55 FEs were MMEs, accentuating heightened within specific categories. Notably, more than half records showed severe impacts on calcifying larger with slower growth mostly account for tree-like massive forms. Altogether, highlight 29 extreme mortality, leading maximum increase 19.1% volume over 35 years. We also reveal 10.8% may have been temporarily lost last five years, emphasizing risk rapid transformation Sea.

Language: Английский

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Biodiversity, climate change, and adaptation in the Mediterranean

Ecosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13(4)

Published: April 1, 2022

Abstract Potential for, and limits to, adaptation to environmental changes are critical for resilience risk mitigation. The Mediterranean basin is a mosaic of biodiversity‐rich ecosystems long affected by human influence, whose now questioned climate change. After reviewing the different components biological adaptation, we present main characteristics marine terrestrial biodiversity in pressures they face. Taking climatic trends into consideration, discuss adaptive potential range dominated species without active dispersal. We argue that high heterogeneity landscapes seascapes constitutes laboratory study when conditions change rapidly may provide opportunities adaptability ecosystems. Adaptive management can should harness nature‐based solutions offered both ecological evolutionary processes increasing

Language: Английский

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Predicting responses to marine heatwaves using functional traits

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 37(1), P. 20 - 29

Published: Sept. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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The Blob marine heatwave transforms California kelp forest ecosystems

Communications Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Oct. 28, 2022

Abstract Ocean warming has both direct physiological and indirect ecological consequences for marine organisms. Sessile animals may be particularly vulnerable to anomalous given constraints in food acquisition reproduction imposed by sessility. In temperate reef ecosystems, sessile suspension feeding invertebrates provide an array of mobile species act as a critical trophic link between the plankton benthos. Using 14 years seasonal benthic community data across five coastal reefs, we evaluated how communities southern California kelp forests responded “Blob”, period anomalously high temperatures low phytoplankton production. We show that this event had prolonged forest ecosystems. Changes structure, including invasions, have persisted six post-Blob, suggesting climate-driven shift is underway.

Language: Английский

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Functional changes across marine habitats due to ocean acidification

Global Change Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Global environmental change drives diversity loss and shifts in community structure. A key challenge is to better understand the impacts on ecosystem function connect species trait of assemblages with properties that are turn linked functioning. Here we quantify composition associated ocean acidification (OA) by using field measurements at marine CO

Language: Английский

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Advancing star: A revised protocol for assessing the ecological status of coralligenous cliffs

Marine Pollution Bulletin, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 117684 - 117684

Published: Feb. 17, 2025

Language: Английский

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Extensive Marine Heatwaves at the Sea Surface in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean in Summer 2021

Remote Sensing, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 13(19), P. 3989 - 3989

Published: Oct. 5, 2021

In July–August 2021, intense marine heatwaves (MHWs) occurred at the sea surface over extensive areas of northwestern Pacific Ocean, including entire Sea Japan and part Okhotsk. extent intensity, these MHWs were largest since 1982, when satellite measurements global temperatures started. The in summer 2021 observed concomitantly with a stable shallow oceanic boundary layer. distribution was strongly related to heat fluxes surface, indicating that generated mainly by atmospheric forcing. started develop after around 10 July, concurrent an extreme northward shift westerly jet. developed rapidly under high-pressure system near associated northwestward expansion North Subtropical High. exhibited peaks 30 July 1 August. Subsequently, following southward displacement jet, weakened then shrank abruptly, synchronously rapid deepening By 18 August, had disappeared.

Language: Английский

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