Latitudinal gradient in the intensity of biotic interactions in terrestrial ecosystems: Sources of variation and differences from the diversity gradient revealed by meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 2506 - 2520

Published: July 28, 2021

The Latitudinal Biotic Interaction Hypothesis (LBIH) states that the intensity of biotic interactions increases from high to low latitudes. This hypothesis, which may partly explain latitudinal gradients in biodiversity, remains hotly debated, largely due variable outcomes published studies. We used meta-analysis identify scope LBIH terrestrial ecosystems. For this purpose, we explored sources variation strength changes herbivory, carnivory and parasitism (119 publications) compared these with diversity respective groups animals (102 publications). Overall, both herbivory decreased towards poles, while increased. gradient was threefold stronger above 50-60° than at lower latitudes significant involving ectothermic consumers, studies using standardised prey (i.e. lacking local anti-predator adaptations) aimed testing LBIH. poleward decrease biodiversity did not differ between endothermic or among climate zones fourfold carnivory. discovered differences suggest two global macroecological patterns are likely shaped by different factors.

Language: Английский

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World forests, global change, and emerging pests and pathogens

Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 61, P. 101266 - 101266

Published: Feb. 7, 2023

Global changes play today an important role in altering patterns of human, animal, and plant host–pathogen interactions invasive pest species. With rapid development sequencing technology, there is also increase pathogen studies adopting a macroscale, biogeographical perspective, we present the most recent elements on existing ecological trends. We compare results one hand emerging infectious diseases animals humans, other pathogens pests. International exchanges people, animals, products currently contribute to their geographical extension but with notable differences across disease systems, regions. This review highlights that subject pests, traditionally rooted agronomic approaches, lacks work macroecology biogeography. discuss research orientations better anticipate economic impacts order achieve environmental sustainability.

Language: Английский

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The effectiveness of intercropping and agri-environmental schemes on ecosystem service of biological pest control: a meta-analysis

Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(2)

Published: Feb. 26, 2024

Abstract Plant diversification contributes to the ecological intensification of agroecosystems through pest biocontrol services provision. However, existing evidence for effectiveness plant in enhancing is highly uncertain across features diversity and biodiversity characteristics. We undertook a comparative meta-analysis focusing on three essential crops (wheat, maize, soybean) investigate how schemes in-field (intercropping) Agri-environmental scheme (AES) around field (flower strip, hedgerow margin) affect arthropod abundance. A random effects analysis was used determine role 10 key factors underlying including level habitat, main companion species, intercropping arrangement, growth stage crops, type AES planting scheme, width, distance from plantings geographical latitude. The overall results revealed that reduced herbivore boosted predators parasitoids abundance significantly, while successfully increased but not herbivores. Maize with legume non-legume plants row allowed effective management. wheat fields immediately adjacent (AES), this effect declined beyond 5 m flower strips. Our suggest response compromise between spatial management scale, characteristics features. These offer promising pathways optimizing include functional farm temporal scales designing multi-functional landscapes.

Language: Английский

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Temperate species underfill their tropical thermal potentials on land

Nature Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 7(12), P. 1993 - 2003

Published: Nov. 6, 2023

Abstract Understanding how temperature determines the distribution of life is necessary to assess species’ sensitivities contemporary climate change. Here, we test importance in limiting geographic ranges ectotherms by comparing temperatures and areas that species occupy could potentially on basis their physiological thermal tolerances. We find marine across all latitudes terrestrial from tropics closely match However, temperate polar are absent warm, thermally tolerable they beyond equatorward range limits, indicating extreme often not factor distributions at lower latitudes. This matches predictions hypothesis adaptation cold environments facilitates survival regions associated with a performance trade-off reduces abilities contend tropics, possibly due biotic exclusion. Our findings predict more direct responses warming cool edges species.

Language: Английский

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Global insect herbivory and its response to climate change

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 34(12), P. 2558 - 2569.e3

Published: May 21, 2024

Language: Английский

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Does spatial variation in insect herbivory match variations in plant quality? A meta‐analysis

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(5)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Variation in herbivore pressure has often been predicted from patterns plant traits considered as antiherbivore defences. Here, we tested whether spatial variation field insect herbivory is associated with the quality by conducting a meta‐analysis of 223 correlation coefficients between levels and expression selected traits. We found no overall either concentrations secondary metabolites or values physical leaf This result was due to both large number low correlations opposing directions high individual studies. Field demonstrated significant association only nitrogen: increased an increase nitrogen concentration tissues. Thus, our does not support theoretical prediction, i.e., that plants possess defences localities where are high. conclude information about putative insufficient predict losses insects conditions bottom‐up factor shaping nutritive value. Our findings stress need improve theory linking herbivory.

Language: Английский

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Decomposing drivers in avian insectivory: Large‐scale effects of climate, habitat and bird diversity

Journal of Biogeography, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 51(6), P. 1079 - 1094

Published: Feb. 4, 2024

Abstract Aim Climate is a major driver of large‐scale variability in biodiversity, as likely result more intense biotic interactions under warmer conditions. This idea fuelled decades research on plant‐herbivore interactions, but much less known about higher‐level trophic interactions. We addressed this gap by characterizing both bird diversity and avian predation along climatic gradient at the European scale. Location Europe. Taxon Insectivorous birds pedunculate oaks. Methods deployed plasticine caterpillars 138 oak trees 47 sites 19° latitudinal Europe to quantify insectivory through attempts. In addition, we used passive acoustic monitoring (i) characterize surrounding soundscapes; (ii) approximate abundance activity recordings; (iii) infer taxonomic functional insectivorous from recordings. Results The increased with climates. Bird forest cover decreased mean annual temperature richness birds. Contrary our predictions, clines attempts were not directly mediated changes or activity, climate habitat still had independent effects Main Conclusions Our study supports hypothesis an increase towards climates refutes that would lead advocates for better accounting when studying variation insect‐tree

Language: Английский

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Risk assessment framework for pine wilt disease: Estimating the introduction pathways and multispecies interactions among the pine wood nematode, its insect vectors, and hosts in China

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 905, P. 167075 - 167075

Published: Sept. 14, 2023

Language: Английский

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High response diversity and conspecific density‐dependence, not species interactions, drive dynamics of coral reef fish communities

Ecology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Species‐to‐species and species‐to‐environment interactions are key drivers of community dynamics. Disentangling these in species‐rich assemblages is challenging due to the high number potentially interacting species (the ‘curse dimensionality’). We develop a process‐based model that quantifies how intraspecific interspecific interactions, species’ covarying responses environmental fluctuations, jointly drive fit reef fish abundance time series from 41 reefs Australia's Great Barrier Reef. found fluctuating relative abundances driven by heterogenous whereas negligible. Species differences long‐term average variation magnitudes both conspecific density‐dependence density‐independent growth rates. This study introduces novel approach overcoming curse dimensionality, which reveals highly individualistic dynamics coral communities imply level niche structure.

Language: Английский

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A latitudinal gradient in Darwin’s naturalization conundrum at the global scale for flowering plants

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Oct. 12, 2023

Abstract Darwin’s naturalization conundrum describes two seemingly contradictory hypotheses regarding whether alien species closely or distantly related to native should be more likely naturalize in regional floras. Both expectations have accumulated empirical support, and such apparent inconsistency can reconciled at the global scale is unclear. Here, using 219,520 9,531 naturalized plant across 487 globally distributed regions, we found a latitudinal gradient conundrum. Naturalized are higher latitudes than they lower latitudes, indicating greater influence of preadaptation harsher climates. Human landscape modification resulted even steeper clines by selecting aliens natives warmer drier regions. Our results demonstrate that joint consideration climatic anthropogenic conditions critical reconciling

Language: Английский

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